Cancer

Ingqwalasela yeCarcer

Nguwuphi umhlaza, uqala njani, kwaye kutheni ukhula kwaye usasazeka? Yintoni enye engayifanele ndiyazi ngomhlaza? Makhe sixoxe ngezinto ezisisiseko kwaye sisuse ezinye iimfihlakalo emva kwesi sifo esinoyikisayo. Omnye kumadoda amabini kunye nomnye kwabafazi abathathu kulindeleke ukuba bahlakulele umdlavuza (kungabandakanywa nomhlaza wesikhumba) ngaphezu kwexesha lokuphila.

Yintoni umdlavuza?

I-Cancer yiqela leentsholongwane ezingaphezu kwezi-200, eziqala xa iseli enye emzimbeni ehluleka ukuthobela imithetho eqhelekileyo yokukhula kweseli.

Esikhundleni sokuyeka ukukhula ngandlela-thile, kwaye ukufa xa usudala okanye unobungozi, ezi iiseli zifezekisa "ukungafi" kwaye ziqhubeke zikhula, nokuba zonakalise iiseli kunye nendima eqala kuyo.

Iiseli ze-Cancer zihluke kwiiseli eziqhelekileyo ngeendlela ezininzi, kwaye ukuqonda ezinye zezi ngxaki zingakunceda uqonde ngakumbi malunga nomdlavuza.

Unomdlavuza Usenokuqala Njani?

Okwenzeki kunzima ukuba iseli ibe ngumhlaza wesifo somhlaza, kwaye njengoko uphulaphule i-hype yangoku malunga nesibangela esitsha somhlaza, unokuziva uqinisekileyo ekuveleleni oko kuyimfuneko ukuba lolu tshintsho lube khona.

• Iiselithi kunye Nendima Yabo KwiCancer

• Ukujonga ngokugqithiseleyo i-Top 5 Cancer

Ukuze iseli ibe nomhlaza, ngokuqhelekileyo kufuneka idluliselwe uluhlu lwezitshintsho zomzimba. Olu tshintsho kunye nezinye iinguqu zofuzo zenzeka kwi-DNA ekhoyo kwinucleus nganye yeeseli zethu.

I-DNA kwiiseli zethu isebenza njengemveliso yezofuzo, ephethe imiyalelo yeeprotheni ezilawula zonke iinkqubo zeseli. Xa le DNA ibonakaliswe, umzekelo, yi- carcinogen kwimimandla okanye ngephutha kwi-reproduced reproduction of cells, izakhi zegesi ezonakalisiweyo ke ikhowudi yeeprotheni ezilimele. Xa ezi proteins ezilimele zinemisebenzi enxulumene nokukhula kweseli, umhlaza ungenzeka.

Ayikho yonke inguquko eyenza umhlaza. Utshintsho oluneentlobo ezintathu zeentsholongwane (ngokuqhelekileyo ndawonye) ezibizwa ngokuthi "utshintsho lomqhubi" zihlala zidinga ukuphazamisa ukukhula okuqhelekileyo kunye nokwahlukana kweeseli ezaneleyo ukwenzela ukuba umhlaza uphuhlise. Ezi zintathu iintlobo zezakhi zofuzo ziyi-proto-oncogenes, i-tumor suppressor geni, kunye ne-DNA yokulungisa izakhi zofuzo.

Iiproto-oncogenes zifana ne-accelerator kwimoto. Ukuguqulwa kwamanzi kulezi zintlobo kufana nokubeka unyawo lwakho kwi-accelerator kwaye ungavumeli. Iiseli ziyaqhubeka ziyahlukana nangona kungekho mfuneko yokongeza iiseli. Ngokwahlukileyo, izifo zengcinezelo zengcinezelo zinjengamabhuleki emotweni. Ukuguquka kwelinye lala magesi kufana nokuthatha inyawo lwakho kwiibhuleki xa ukhawuleza ukuhla. Iseli likhula ngaphandle kokulawula. I-ADNA yokulungisa izakhi zofuzo zinoxanduva lokulungisa i-DNA eyonakalisiweyo okanye ukususa iiseli (ngokusebenzisa inkqubo yokufa kweeseli ebizwa ngokuba yi-apoptosis.) Ngokungafani neeseli eziqhelekileyo ezilungiswe okanye zithathwe ngaphandle kwenkonzo xa zikhulile okanye zonakaliswe, iiseli ezingavumelekile ziyavunyelwa ukukhula nokukhula.

Ukuqonda isisu somdlavuza kuyakunceda ekuqondeni iziganeko zomzimba kumhlaza. Umzekelo yi-BRCA1 kunye ne-BRCA2 iinguqulelo, ezidibaniswa kunye neengcambu zebele zesifo. I-BRCA2 i-gene infressor gene eyenza i-autosomal recesom-uma ikhophi enye yegenes ishintshiweyo, akukho nto iyenzekayo, kodwa ukuba zombini iikopi zalo mzi ziguqulwa, umhlaza unokukhula. Ukuba ibhinqa (okanye indoda) izalwa ngokuguquka kwelinye lala magesi, akuthethi ukuba uya kuba nomdlavuza othile. Kuthetha nje ukuba unakho ukuvelisa umdlavuza ukuba ukuguqulwa kolunye uhlobo lwalo mfuzo, okanye kwezinye iizityalo ezijongene nokuqhuba ukukhula kweseli, kwenzeka.

Ukukwazi ukucacisa ezinye iinguqu zofuzo ezikhoyo kwisifo esithile sisiseko sezinto ezininzi ezithandwayo kunye nokukhula kwezinto eziye zaqulunqwa ngamachiza okanye ngamachiza ochanekileyo.

Unomdla Kwenyuka Kanjani Nokusasazeka?

Kanye njengoko kukho ukungafani kumaseli omhlaza okubangela ukuba bakhule ekulawuleni, kukho ukungafani phakathi kwezinto ezihlambulukileyo kunye nezihlamba ezibi .

Ngokungafani nezicubu ezinobungozi, izicubu ezinobungozi (umdlavuza) zingalimaza izicubu eziseduze kwaye zisasaze kwiimfucu ezikude. Igama lomhlaza lithembeke kwigama elisetyenziselwa i-crab, ngokubhekiselele kwandisa umhlaza wesiqhelo kumathambo athile.

Ukusasazeka komhlaza kwimimandla ngaphandle kweendawo zokuqala zesisu; into ebizwa ngokuba yi- metastasis -yinto ephawulekayo yomhlaza, kwaye ixanduva malunga nama-90 ekhulwini abantu abafa ngenxa yomhlaza. Iiseli eziqhelekileyo "zinamathele;" zithonyelwa "iimolyuli zokunamathela" ezithintela iiseli ndawonye njengeglue. Ngokwahlukileyo, iiseli zomhlaza, ezikhoyo ezi iimlekyuli, ziyakunqumla kwi-tumor yokuqala kunye nokuhamba.

Kukho iindlela ezimbalwa apho umdlavuza usasazeka khona . Iiseli zomhlaza zingangena kwiinqwelo zegazi okanye i-lymphatic ukuya kwezinye iindawo zomzimba. Kwimeko yomdlavuza wamaphaphu, banokusasazeka ngeendlela zomoya.

Uphi I-Cancer Spread?

Njengoko kuphawuliwe ngasentla, kukusasazeka komhlaza obangela ukuba uninzi lwabantu abaswele ngumhlaza.

• I-MicroRNA isetyenziswa njani kwiCreatcer Treatment?

• Inzululwazi Yenza I-Cancer Yiyo Ininzi Yethu

Ngamanye amaxesha umhlaza ufunyanwa xa sele usasazeka kwenye indawo yomzimba. Ezi khansela zisagqitywa ngegama emva kwelungu apho zivela khona. Ngokomzekelo, ukuba umhlaza wemiphunga ufunyanwa kuphela emva kokufumanisa i-metastase ebuchosheni, ayiyi kuthiwa ngumhlaza womkhuhlane. Endaweni yoko, yayiza kuthiwa "ngumhlaza weemiphunga emasiptini kwi-brain."

Iindawo eziqhelekileyo zeemetastasis ziquka amathambo, isibindi kunye nemiphunga. Umdlavuza wesifuba uvame ukusasaza amathambo, ingqondo, isibindi kunye nemiphunga. Iindawo eziqhelekileyo zomdlavuza weemiphunga zomhlaza zi-adrenal glands, amathambo, ingqondo kunye nesibindi. Umdlavuza wekoloni, i-metastasis idla ngokuphindaphindiweyo kwisibindi, imiphunga kunye ne-peritoneum, kwaye umdlavuza wesibeletho uqala ukusabalalisa kwiintlobo ze-adrenal, amathambo, isibindi kunye nemiphunga.

Emva kokuba umdlavuza usasazeka

Emva kokuba isisu sisasaze kwenye indawo yomzimba kukho ukungafani phakathi kweeseli eziqhelekileyo kunye namaseli omhlaza. Ukuze sikhule, i-tumor idinga ukunikezelwa kwegazi. Le nkqubo ye- angiogenesis- ukuphucula inkqubo yeemivenge zegazi ezondla i-tumor kwaye ivumele ukuba ikhule-ibaluleke kakhulu ekujoliswe kuyo kwezinye izifo zonyango, kwaye "i-angiogenesis inhibitors" isetyenziselwa iintlobo ezininzi zomhlaza.

Yintoni Ebangelwa Ngumhlaza?

Njengoko kuphawuliwe ngasentla, ukuba iseli eliqhelekileyo libe yintsholongwane yomhlaza, uluhlu lwesiguquko semfuza kufuneka lwenzeke. Ukuqonda izizathu ezinokubangela umdlavuza, kunye nemingcipheko yomdlavuza kulula ukuyiqonda ukuba uyayiqwalasela indlela eyenzeka ngayo. Ezi ziquka:

• Umonakalo ngqo kwi-DNA - Ezinye izinto kunye nokuchayeka kungonakalisa ngqo iDNA kwiiseli zethu. Umzekelo uya kuba ngumbane owonakalisa ngqo i-DNA kwinucleus yeseli.
• Ukuvuvukala okungapheliyo - Xa kunokwenzeka ukuba iiseli zivelise kwaye zihlukane, kukho ithuba lokuba ingozi iza kwenzeka. Ngamanye amazwi, ukuba utshintsho lwe-DNA luya kwenzeka. Ukuvutha okungapheliyo, okufana nomthi wokuphefumula okanye isifo sokubhema, kunokubangela umdlavuza ngokunyusa ithuba lokuba inkohlakalo kwisahlulo seseli iza kwenzeka.

Izinto Zingozi Zomdlavuza

Njengoko kuphawuliwe ngasentla, umdlavuza uvela xa kukho uluhlu lwezitshintsho olwenziwa kwi-DNA kwinucleus yeseli. Asazi kakuhle ukuba le nto yenzeka njani, kodwa siyazi malunga nemingcipheko emininzi yeakhawunti eyenziwa ngamaseli abe amangqamuzana omhlaza. Ezi zinokuphulwa ngokwabo ukubandakanya:

• Impilo yokuphila - Ukubhema yinto ebalulekileyo ebangela umdlavuza. Ukubhema kubangele iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zomhlaza kwaye uxanduva lwesigidi sesithathu sokufa komhlaza. Ukusela utywala obugqithisileyo kubandakanywa ezininzi kwiidlingozi. Yaye ukunyamezeka kunyusela umngcipheko wee-cancer ezininzi. Ukuqala ngokunyuka kwama-60 ekhulwini lomngcipheko we-uterine, ukukhuluphala kungekudala kudlula ukutshaya njengesizathu esibangela ukukhuselwa ngumhlaza.
• Ukutshatyalaliswa kwemvelo - I- rad exposure ibangela umdlavuza kunye neqondo eliphakamileyo le gesi ekhaya lakho yinto yesibini eyona nto ibangela umdlavuza wamaphaphu. Ukuchasana nomsebenzi kwizinto ezibangelwa ngumhlaza (i-carcinogens) yimbangela ebalulekileyo yomdla kumadoda, kodwa ngokugqithiseleyo, kwabasetyhini kunye.
• I-Genetics - I-genetic predisposition to the cancer ingenzeka xa abantu belifa ngokuguqulwa komzimba kwisithintelo esithintekayo ekususeni iiseli ezimele (i-tumor suppressor genes) kunye nokunye. Uluntu lukwaziswa kakuhle ukuba umdlavuza webele unokuba nelifa elifa, kodwa into engaziwayo kakhulu kukuba le nto inokuba yinto eninzi kanomdlavuza. Funda malunga neprogram yakho yemfuza kunye nendlela ekuchaphazela ngayo ingozi yomhlaza wakho .
• Iintsholongwane kunye nezinye izilwanyana ezincinci - Iintsholongwane zibalulekileyo ezibangela umdlavuza , uxanduva lwama-25 ekhulwini lamanomdla emhlabeni wonke, kwaye ama-5 ukuya kwe-10 ekhulwini lamagciwane e-US Ukuthethelela nge-papillomavirus yabantu (HPV) kukukhumbuza ukuba isondo esingakhuselekanga sinokudlula ngaphezulu khulelwa. Le ntsholongwane yimbangela yentsholongwane yesifo somhlaza kunye neengcingo zesini, ipenisi, kunye nesahluko sekhanda nomhlaza weentamo. Ngoku kucinga ukuba ukusuleleka ku-H pylori, ibhaktheriya echaphazelekayo kwizilonda ezininzi, yimbangela yamanomdla amaninzi esisu eMelika. Futhi izifo ezingapheliyo kunye ne-hepatitis B okanye intsholongwane ye-hepatitis C zibangelwa ezibangela umdlavuza wesibindi.

Iintlobo zeCarcer - eziqhelekileyo kunye eziqhelekileyo

Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zomdlavuza ezingaphezu kwe-200, ezibizwa ngokuba zihlobo lweethambo okanye isigaba apho baqala khona. Ezinye zezi zinto ziqhelekileyo, umzekelo, omnye kumadoda asixhenxe kulindeleke ukuba ahlakulele umdlavuza weprotate, kwaye ezinye aziqabile kakhulu, zenzeka ngabantu abambalwa kuphela ngonyaka.

Iindidi eziqhelekileyo zeCarcer kwiMadoda nabasetyhini

Unokudideka xa uva ngeenani-manani ezibhekisele kwiidlingozi eziqhelekileyo. Umzekelo, unokuva umthombo omnye uthetha ngomhlaza wesifuba njengento eqhelekileyo kubasetyhini, kwaye abanye bathetha ngomhlaza wemiphunga njengowona oqhelekileyo. Ingxaki kukuba ezi manani zingabophula izinto ezimbini ezahlukeneyo; iziganeko zomhlaza okanye ukuba kwenzeka kaninzi kangakanani, kunye nokufa komhlaza, bangaphi abantu abafa ngalo mhlaza ngamnye unyaka.

Ngama-khansa anamazinga aphezulu okusinda, iziganeko zinokuphakama kodwa izinga lokufa liphantsi. Ngokwahlukileyo, iisomdla ezinomdla ophantsi, njengomdlavuza we-pancreatic, iziganeko zingenakuphakama kodwa kungenye yezizathu eziqhelekileyo zokufa ngenxa yomhlaza.

Iingcingo eziqhelekileyo ezi-10 (ngaphandle kweekliniki zesikhumba ezifana ne-squamous cell carcinoma kunye ne-basal cell carcinoma) ngokusekelwe kwiziganeko zabo kunye nokufa kwazo zibhalwe ngezantsi.

Iingcingo eziphezulu ezi-10 eziqhelekileyo zenzeke (iziganeko zamatyala amatsha kumadoda nabasetyhini abadibeneyo) ziquka:

1. Umhlaza webele
2. Umhlaza wemiphunga
3. Prostate
4. Umhlaza weColon
5. Bladder
6. IMelanoma
7. I-non-Hodgkin lymphoma
8. Thyroid
9. Zezintso
10. leukemia

Izizathu ezili-10 eziqhelekileyo zokufa ezihlobene nomhlaza ziquka:

1. Umhlaza wemiphunga
2. Umhlaza weColon (kunye nomhlaza)
3. Isisu
4. Pancreatic
5. Prostate
6. Leukemia
7. I-non-Hodgkin lymphoma
8. Bladder
9. Zezintso
10. I-Endometrial (uterine)

Ama- cancer angama -10 abulalayo emadodeni ahluke kwii-10 ezinomdla wokubulala iintsholongwane kwabasetyhini , kwaye ezi manani ziyahlukahluka ngokusekelwe kwiminyaka yokuxilongwa kunye nezinye izinto.

Uninzi lweeKhansela eziqhelekileyo

Umhlaza wemiphunga

Xa ebuzwa malunga nokufa komhlaza, uphando lufumanise ukuba uninzi lwabantu becinga ukuba umdlavuza webele usisifo esibukhokelayo kubasetyhini kunye nomdlavuza wesibeletho kumadoda. Enyanisweni, imbangela ephambili yomhlaza ekufeni kwabantu besibini nabasetyhini ngumhlaza wemiphunga. Kwaye nangona ukutshaya kuba ngumngcipheko womdlavuza wamaphaphu, umdlavuza wamaphaphu uvela kubantu abangabhemi. Umdlavuza womlenze ongabikho abokutshaya ngoku ungowesi-6 ekhokelela ekufeni kwabantu abachaphazeleka ngumhlaza. Njengoko inani labantu ababhemayo liye linciphile, kuye kwaba nokunciphisa umhlaza wemiphunga kwiminyaka yamuva. Oko kwathiwa, umhlaza wemiphunga ubonakala ukwanda kwabangabhemi (abatshatshayo) ikakhulukazi abaselula abangabhiyiyo.

Umdlavuza womlenze awugcini nje ngesicwaso sokuthi isifo sobhemayo, kodwa sisifo esifanayo. Ngombulelo, emva kweminyaka emininzi inkqubela phambili kwonyango lesi sifo, izibonelelo ezintsha ziye zavunywa eziye zaphakamisa izinga lokusinda, kubantu abathile abanezigaba eziphambili kakhulu zesifo. Wonke umntu onomdlavuza wesifo somhlaza wamangqamuzana-esona sifo esiqhelekileyo sesifo-ngoku kufuneka abe neprofayile yee-molecular (ukuhlolwa kofuzo) kwiimvumi zabo.

Ngenxa yesifo somhlaza wamaphaphu ngenxa yokutshaya, abantu abaninzi abaqapheli ngamanyathelo alula anokuthatha ukuze banciphise umngcipheko wabo. Ukuhlaliswa kweRadon emakhaya ethu yimbangela yesibini yomphumo wesifo somhlaza wamaphaphu kwaye kulula ukuvavanya kunye nokuxazulula ukuba kukho. Nabani na onokumngcipheko, kwaye yodwa indlela yokwazi ukuhlola ikhaya lakho.

• Ingqwalasela yeCancer Cancer

Umhlaza webele

Umhlaza wesifuba ngowona hlobo oluqhelekileyo lomhlaza kubasetyhini kwaye ngowona wesibini kubangela ukuba kufakwe ukubulawa komhlaza. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba amadoda afumana umdlavuza webele .

Phantse omnye kwabafazi aba-10 abanomdlavuza wesibeleko banokuthathwa ngokuba "ngumhlaza wesibeleko," oku kuthetha ukuba kubafazi abalisithoba kwabalishumi abakho imvelaphi yentsapho. Oko kuthetha ukuthini ukuba abantu abaninzi abazi ukuba basengozini, kwaye kubalulekile ukubona ugqirha wakho ngokukhawuleza ukuba ubona ukungafaneki kwamabele akho. Kukho iinkolelo ezininzi malunga neengcinezelo zomhlaza wesifuba , kodwa inyaniso kukuba nabani na ongasengozini.

Unyango lomhlaza wesisu luphucule kwiminyaka yamuva. Abasetyhini abaninzi ngoku banakho ukugcinwa kwezilwanyana ezinjenge-lumpectomy, kunokuba kulandelelaniso lwexesha elidlulileyo. Inkqubo ye-Sentinel neode biopsy ikwabangela ukuba abaninzi abantu besifazane i-lymph node i-disperctions ye-lymph node epheleleyo ekwazi ukukhokelela kwiingalo ezivuvukileyo nezibuhlungu-into ebizwa ngokuthi i-lymphedema. Intuthuko ekuqondeni kwethu i-genetics yomhlaza ngoku ivumela abanye abantu ukuba bafumane ukuba basengozini yokuphucula umdlavuza webele. Nangona le ndawo isesemncinci kwaye ilawulwa yimvakalelo, inika ithemba lokuba iya kubakho ukufumanisa kwangaphambili kwaye mhlawumbi inokuthintela kwixesha elizayo.

Ngelishwa, isifo somhlaza wesifuba sisasazeka, kwaye umdlavuza webele we-metastatic awuphilwanga. Abasetyhini abajongene nomdlavuza webele weemetastatic bangathi bazive bephelelwe yinto ehambayo xa beya kwiindibano ezininzi zokuqhelanisa ezijikelezwe ngabasetyhini abanomdlavuza wesibele. Ngexesha elithi "Pinktober" kufuneka sikhumbule ukuba sinendlela ende yokuhamba nesi sifo.

• Ingqwalasela yeCanscer Breast

Cancer Cancer

Umhlaza wesifo seprotate ngumdla wesifo esiqhelekileyo kumadoda. Njengoko ububele budlala indima emdlalweni wesikhumba, abantu banokuba nomdlavuza weprotate kunye ne-genetic cancer. Amanye amadoda anempawu zesifo somhlaza wesifo se-prostate njengokwanda kwe-urinary, ukuphuthuma, kunye nokuzithemba, kodwa amadoda amaninzi akanalo iimpawu ngexesha lokuxilongwa.

Kukho ukuphikisana okukhulu malunga nokuhlolwa kwe- PSA yesifo somhlaza. Ingxenye yobunzima ilazi ukuba yeyiphi i-cancer eyokhula kwaye isasaze kwaye ayiyi kubangela ingxaki. Izixhobo ezitsha zokubala umngcipheko zinceda oogqirha ukuba baqonde kangcono ukuba zeziphi iidlers ezinokukwazi ukusasaza (kwaye zifuna unyango olunefuthe) kwaye zingcono zishiywe yodwa.

Iziphumo ezinokuthi zonyango, ngakumbi ukungabi namandla kunye nokungaziphathi kakuhle, zenza ukuba ukuxilongwa komhlaza kufane ngakumbi. Ngombulelo iindlela ezintsha zokuhlinzwa ezifana ne-robotic surgery kunye nezinye iinkqubela phambili kunyango ziyanciphisa umngcipheko ukuba ezi ziphumo ziza kwenzeka.

• Ingqwalaselo yeCrostate Cancer Advanced

ICrorectal Cancer

Amagciwane e-colon kunye ne-rectum yimbangela yesithathu echaphazelekayo yokufa komhlaza kumadoda kunye nabasetyhini. Ngombulelo, ukuhlolwa kwesifo somhlaza wekoloni kwenze umehluko, kwaye into ephawulekayo ekunciphiseni kwaphawuleza ukubulawa komhlaza ngokubanzi kuhlobene nokuthintela nokuqatshelwa kwangaphambili komhlaza wekoloni.

Ngokungafani nokuhlola izilingo kwezinye iindidi zomhlaza, ukuhlola iikholoncopies kudlala indima ekuboneni kokuqala nokukhusela. Ezi zifundo zivumela oogqirha ukuba bafumane iidraka kwiindlela zokuqala eziphathekayo-okokuthiwa ukubizwa ngokukhawuleza. Kodwa ziyakwazi ukukhusela. Xa iipolisi ezinqabileyo zifumaneka kwi-colon zingasuswa ngaphambi kokuba zenzeke ithuba lokuba ngamagciwane.

• I-Colon Cancer Basics

Ngomhlaza wePancreatic

Umhlaza wesi-Pancreatic ayikho enye yee-cancer ezikhokelayo ezifunyaniswayo, kodwa yiyona yesine imbangela ebangela ukufa kwabantu abanomdlavuza kumadoda kunye no-5 oqhelekileyo kubasetyhini. Ngenxa yendawo yayo kunye nokungabikho kweempawu kumanqanaba okuqala, umdlavuza wamaphakreti uvame ukufunyaniswa kwisigaba xa utyando lusekho.

Imiba yengozi yomdlavuza we-pancreatic ibandakanya ukutshaya, ubuhlanga bobuYuda, kunye nembali yokuphazamiseka kwamanye amazwe. Umhlaza wesi-Pancreatic ungasebenza kwiintsapho kwaye ucinga ukuba okungenani iipesenti ezili-10 zala ma-khansa zifa. I-BRCA2 yokuguqulwa kwesigidi esivame ukuxhatshazwa ngumhlaza wesisu, kubonakala kwandisa umngcipheko wesifo somdlavuza we-pancreatic. Akukho sikhokelo sovavanyo jikelele lomhlaza, kodwa ukuphononongwa kungathathwa ngqalelo kulabo abanembali ebalulekileyo yentsapho. Kungekudala sele kufunyanwe ukuba isifo se-periodontal (isifo segum) siphakamisa umngcipheko wesi sifo, ukwenza olo tyelelo olwenkqisayo kudokotela wamazinyo lubaluleke ngakumbi.

Isibonakaliso esifanelekileyo sexesha elidlulileyo "sisifo se-jaundice" esingenabuhlungu-ukugqithisa okwephuzi kwesikhumba kunye nabamhlophe bamehlo ngaphandle kweminye impawu. Ngelishwa, oku kudla ngokuba ngumqondiso wokugqibela. Thatha umzuzwana ukuba uzibonele ngeempawu zomdlavuza we-pancreatic

Nangona iimbali zikhona ezimbalwa zonyango ezifumanekayo kubantu abaneengcingo eziphezulu zepakreas, eziqala ukutshintsha, kwaye unyango olutsha kunye nolungcono lulapha.

• Eninzi Ngomdlavuza wePancretic

Leukemia

I-leukemia ngumdla wesifo oqhelekileyo kubantwana kodwa kwenzeka ngokuthe rhoqo kwi-adults. Ukuthetha ngokuchanekileyo, i-leukemia ilandele ipesenti ephezulu kakhulu yeekresi ezipheleleyo kubantwana kunabantu abadala, kodwa inani labantu abadala abane-leukemia ngokuphezulu. Ezi khansela ziqala kwiiseli ezimhlophe zegazi ezenza imizila emibini eyahlukileyo emnxeni wethambo. I-leukemias eyenzeka kwiseli ye-lymphoid ibizwa ngokuba yi-lymphocytic (okanye i-lymphoblastic) i-leukemi, kunye nalabo abasemgceni we-cell , imyelocytic okanye i-leukemias. La maseli egazi amhlophe angavumelekanga asebenze kakubi ekuhlaseleni amabhaktheriya kunye neentsholongwane, kwaye njengoko zakha emnzini wethambo, zingaphazamisa umveliso oqhelekileyo wezinye iiseli zegazi.

I-leukemi idilizwe yaba yi-leukemi kunye ne-leukemia engapheliyo ngokusekelwe ekukhuleni kweeseli, kunye nama-leukemia ayenomdlavuza weeseli ezininzi. I-leukemia eqhelekileyo idla ngokukhawuleza kwaye ikhula ngokukhawuleza, kanti i-leukemia engapheliyo ingakhula ngokukhawuleza kwithuba leenyanga ukuya kwiminyaka. Ekugqibeleni, ii-leukemi ezininzi ziguquka zibe yindawo ekhula ngokukhawuleza.

Unyango lwezinye i-leukemi lenze inkqubela phambili kwixesha elidlulileyo leminyaka. Nangona i-lemonemic i-lymphocytic i-leukemia (BONKE) yayisoloko ihlala isweleka ngokukhawuleza, ininzi yabantwana abanomdlavuza ngoku bafumana ukuhlala ixesha elide kunye ne-chemotherapy. Ngokufanayo, ukongezwa kwezilwanyana ezijoliswe ku-Gleevec (imatinib) kuye kwatshintsha kakhulu ukuxela abantu abathile abane-leukemia engapheliyo (i-CML). I-Gleevec ijolise ukungaqhelekanga kofuzo kumaseli omhlaza okuqhuba ukukhula kwawo.

• Iisiseko ze-Leukemia

Lymphoma

I-lymphomas iphule ngokwahlulo ezimbini: i- Hodgkin's lymphoma kunye ne- non-Hodgkin's lymphoma . Ezi khansela ziqala ngohlobo lwegazi elimhlophe elibizwa ngokuba yi-lymphocytes. I-lymphomas ye-Hodgkin yimihlaza ye-B lymphocyte, kanti i-lodphom engeyiyo i-Hodgkin yiqela leentsholongwane ezingama-60 ezinokubandakanya i-B okanye i-T lymphocytes.

Kukho izinto ezinobungozi be-lymphoma. Ezinye i-lymphomas zidibaniswa nokuchazwa kweekhemikhali kwimeko, ngelixa ezinye zibonakala ngokubhekiselele kwiintsholongwane zentsholongwane. Ezinye zezo zinto zinendawo yokufa.

Iimpawu zingabandakanya ukuphuhliswa okungenalubuhlungu kwimilo yeclimph naluphi na emzimbeni ukusuka entanyeni ukuya kwintlambo. Ukuzikhupha ebusuku kukubonakalisa i-lymphomas kunye neyodwa yeempawu ze - B ze-lymphoma .

Ukonyango lwe-lymphomas , kuba kukho iintlobo ezininzi ezahlukahlukeneyo eziziphatha ngendlela ezahlukeneyo, ziyahlukahluka kakhulu. Uninzi lwala ma-cancer lugqithwa nge-chemotherapy kunye ne-antiocodal antibodies, kunye ne-high-dose chemotherapy elandelwa yi-stem cell transplant ingasetyenziselwa i-lymphomas eziphambili. Ezinye zala makhansela, ngakolunye uhlangothi, zikhula ngokukhawuleza, kwaye ixesha lokulinda elinde apho umhlaza ukhangelelwa khona unokucetyiswa.

• Iisiseko zeLymphoma

IMelanoma

I-Melanoma ayifani ngokuqhelekileyo kunezinye iindidi ezinomdlavuza wesikhumba ezifana ne-squamous cell carcinoma kunye ne-basal cell carcinoma kodwa inoxanduva loluntu oluninzi lwe-mortal-related deaths. Phantse iipesenti ezili-10 zabantu babenenkampala yentsapho yesi sifo kunye nalabo abaneengxaki ezintle okanye amaninzi amaninzi abonakala engengozini enkulu. Ezi khansela zilula kakhulu ukunyanga kumazinga okuqala, kodwa ukuba ziphathwe, kufuneka ziqale zibonwe.

Kubalulekile ukubona ugqirha wakho ukuba unayo i-skin lesion ephathelene nawe-kungakhathaliseki ukuba ibonakala njani. Wonke umntu kufuneka acengisise nge- ABCD mnemonic ngeempawu ze-melanoma. Ezi ziquka i-A ye-asymmetry, i-B yomngcele ongavumelekanga okanye ongagqitywanga, umbala weC (umbala we-melanomas kaninzi unemibala engaphezu kweyodwa) kunye no-D ububanzi (i-melanomas ihlala ikhudlwana kunebukhulu bepencil eraser.)

Unyango kunye nokuchaswa kwe-melanomas kugqitywe kwisigaba apho kufunyanwa khona. Uphando luvame ukuquka ukugqithwa okukhulu kwezicubu kwiindawo ezikufutshane. Nangona i-melanomas eqhutywe phambili isele ibe nzima kakhulu ukunyanga, uphando olutshanje kunye nezidakamizwa ezintsha ze-immunotherapy lubonisa isithembiso esincinci kubantu abancinci.

• Isingeniso kuMelanoma

Cancer Cancer

Umdlavuza wesisu uqheleke kakhulu kumadoda ukuba abafazi, kwaye baninzi kakhulu kubantu abamhlophe kunabantu bezinye iintlanga. Izinto ezinobungozi zibandakanya ukutshaya nokuchithwa kweekhemikhali zokusebenza (ingakumbi idayi ezisetyenziselwa ukushicilela.) Kweminye imimandla yehlabathi, ukusuleleka kwintsholongwane yinto ebalulekileyo. Kaninzi, ngokuqhelekileyo, akukho ziphumo zobungozi.

Izimpawu zale khansa nazo ziyimpawu zezinye iimeko kwaye zingabandakanya igazi kumchamo, ezifuna ukuvuthwa ngokuphindaphindiweyo kunokuqhelekileyo, kwaye zingakhathazeki ngokuvuthwa. Isilinganiso sokusinda sithintele kakhulu kwisigaba somhlaza ekuxilongweni, kwaye nabani na ongazichazi igazi emzimbeni okanye eminye impawu ye-urinary kufuneka badibane nodokotela wabo.

• I-Cancer Cancer - Izizathu, Izimpawu kunye noTyango

Cancer Cancer

Iingqungquthela ze-thyroid ziqhelekile, kodwa ngokubulela uninzi lwala mathambo aphezulu kakhulu amanqanaba okuphila. Uninzi lwezi mbola zingumdlavuza we-thyroid, umdlavuza we-thyroid, okanye umdlavuza we-thyroid. Uhlobo olungavamile lomdlavuza we-thyroid olubizwa ngokuthi i-pellastic umdlavuza we-thyroid ngowona mngxininiso wale kliniki, kwaye unzima ukuwuphatha.

Umdlavuza we-Thyroid ngumhlaza okhawulezayo kakhulu eUnited States, nangona awaziwa ukuba le yenyuka ngokwenene okanye ukuba ifunyanwe ngokuphindaphindiweyo ngeemvavanyo ezingcono zokucinga. Kuqhelekileyo kubasetyhini kunamadoda kwaye kaninzi kuthinta abafazi abancinci nabangaphakathi. Imiba yengozi ibandakanya imbali yesifo se-thyroid, ukukhanya kwemitha emqaleni, kunye nokuntuleka kwe-iody kwabanye.

• Ingqwalasela yeCyroid Cancer

I-Endometrial (Uterine) umdlavuza

Umdlavuza we-Endometrial ngumhlaza wesiganeko sesisu, kwaye ngokuqhelekileyo kufunyanwe xa umfazi ophethe umlwelwe eqala ukuphaphaza kwakhona, okanye xa umfazi wesandulela ngeso sihlandlo. Izinto ezinobungozi zibandakanya ukungabi nabantwana, ukukhuluphala, ukufumana isifo somhlaza wesibeleko seTamoxifen, kunye nezinye iindidi ze-hormone yokwelapha endaweni. Ukusetyenziswa kwexesha elide lokulawula iipilisi, ngokuchaseneyo, kubonakala kunciphise umngcipheko.

Unyango lomhlaza wesifo se-endometrial ngokuyinhloko utyando kwaye uphumelele kakhulu ngaphambili umhlaza ufumaneka. Abasetyhini abanesifo esingaqhelekanga sokuphuma kwintsholongwane-nangona oku kuqhelekileyo-kufuneka bafune unyango.

• Yintoni i-Endometrial Cancer

Iintsholongwane zeNtsholongwane

Kukho iintlobo ezimbalwa ezahlukeneyo zomhlaza wengqondo, kunye ne-renal cell carcinoma eyona nto ibonakalayo. Izinto ezinobungozi zingabandakanywa ukutshaya, ezinye izidumbu ze-genetic kunye namanye amayeza. Xa iimpawu zivela, zihlala ziquka igazi emcinini okanye emva kweentlungu.

Ugqirha yonyango olukhethiweyo ngumhlaza weengtso, nangona amaninzi ala ma-cancer afunyenwe kwizigaba eziphambili. Ngombulelo, ezininzi izilwanyana ezijoliswe kuzo zivunyiwe kwiminyaka yamuva ngenxa yomhlaza wengqondo, kunye nezinye iindlela zokwelapha ezifana ne-immunotherapy zithembisa isithembiso.

• I-Cancer Cancer - Iimpawu, Ukuxilongwa, kunye noTyango

ICancer Common

Amanqamzana aqhelekileyo anesifo esichaphazela inani elininzi labantu ngonyaka eMelika zibandakanya:

• Umhlaza we-Ovarian - Umhlaza we- Ovariya ungomnye weengcingo zokuphilisa xa uthathwa kwangethuba, kodwa ngeliso lisoloko lufumaneka kwizigaba eziphambili zesifo. Kuye kwabizwa ngokuthi "umbulali ongenangqondo" njengempawu ezifana nokubhubhisa kunye neentlungu zesisu ezingaqhelekanga zingabonakali kude kube yilapho isisu sikhulu kwaye sisasazeka.
• Umhlaza wesantya - Umhlaza wesiqhelo ngumzekelo womhlaza apho unyango luye lwaluqhubela phambili. Nangona ekudlulileyo ezi zihlamba zihlala zibulala, ezininzi zezi zikhumbu ziyakwazi ukuphiliswa, kwanazo eziye zahlengahlengiswa kwezinye iindawo zomzimba. Kanye njengokuba abafazi bakhuthazwa ukuba benze iimviwo zabo, bakhuthazwa ukuba benze uvavanyo lwezonyango.
• Iimvumba zobomi - Ngokungafani nezinye i-cancer, ingqungquthela yengqondo ayisoloko isasazeka kwezinye iindawo zomzimba. Ngenxa yendawo yabo, edibeneyo kwingqondo, ezi zicubu zivame ukudala umonakalo ngokunyusa uxinzelelo kwezinye izakhiwo kwingqondo. Ezinye zala makhansela anesixhumanisi semfuzo kunye nokuchasana kwendawo yendalo kubandakanyeka njengokuba kunokwenzeka isizathu. Ukusetyenziswa kweefowuni ezisisiseko kudibaniswe nokuphuhliswa kwee-gliomas, uhlobo oluqhelekileyo lweengxaki zeengqondo.

• U-Myeloma - Myeloma, owaziwa ngokuba yi-myeloma ezininzi, ungumhlaza weeseli ze-plasma. Iiseli zePlasma zi-B lymphocytes, uhlobo lweeseli ezimhlophe zegazi ezivelisa iziza-mzimba. Kanye nje neeseli eziqhelekileyo ze-plasma zivelisa izifo zengqungquthela, iiseli ze-plasma ezingumdlavuza zivame ukuvelisa izifo ezikhuselekileyo, kwaye ukuqokelelwa kwezi zixhobo ezifanayo (i-clone) kunokuqokelela ezintsheni ezibangela ukulimala. Esi sifo sivame ukuxilongwa xa iziqendu zala manqabileyo zifumaneka kwisampuli yomchamo. Amaseli e-Myeloma ahlala ekhona egazini nakwi-lymph nodes kwaye angenako ukwenza i-tumor yangempela. Ziphathwa ngokufanayo nangomnye umhlaza onxulumene negazi ezifana ne-lymphoma kunye ne-chemotherapy, iipilisi ezijoliswe kuyo, kunye nokutshintshwa kwe-cell stem.

Aqhelekanga kunye neeCare Cancer

Kukho ezininzi iintlobo zeengqayi ezingavamile kwaye ezinqabileyo, kodwa xa ukongeza ezi zinto zinyani ngokuqhelekileyo. Kuyakhathaza ukuba unomnye wale mdlavuza, ngakumbi xa uva ngeentlobo ezinkulu zokubhengeza abantu abanezinye i-kansa ezifana nomhlaza wesibele. Ngombulelo, uphando olwenziwe ukujonga unyango lweengqungquthela eziqhelekileyo luvame ukuphumela kwonyango olutsha lwee-cancer eziphantsi. Imizekelo yezinye iintsholongwane ezingavamile kwaye ezinqabileyo zibandakanya:

• Iindidi eziqhelekileyo zomhlaza we-ovari
• Unomdlavuza wesikhumba
• I-Phyllodes isisu sesisu
• Umdlavuza we-thyaplastic
• Isalathisi se-Nasal kunye ne-paranasal sinus tumors
• Umhlaza wesifo

Iimpawu zeCarcer

Kwiininzi zamanomdlavuza, asinakho uvavanyo lokuhlola okungasetyenziselwa ukuwafumana kumaziko okuqala; izigaba apho ziphilisa kakhulu. Kuthetha ukuthini ukuba ukuba nolwazi malunga nempawu eziqhelekileyo zomhlaza, kwaye uthetha nodokotela wakho ukuba unayo nayiphi na le, kubaluleke kakhulu ekunyamekelweni kwakho impilo

Izimpawu eziqhelekileyo zomhlaza ziquka:

• Ukukhwehlela okuqhubekayo
• Isibonda esingaphilanga okanye i-mole eguqukayo
• Ukuqhawukelwa ngumphefumlo
• Ubuhlungu obuvela entlungu intloko, ukuya kwintlungu emva, ukuya kwintlungu kunye nentlungu yeplavic, kwiintlungu eziphelweni zakho
• Ukukhathala
• Ukulahlekelwa kwesisindo esingenziyo
• Ukuthuka
• Ukukhupha ebusuku
• Unzima ukugwinya
• Ukuguquka
• Ihamba kwaye iqhube kuyo yonke indawo emzimbeni, ingakumbi izibilini zebele okanye iimpawu zentethekisi
• Ukwandisa i-lymph nodes naphi na emzimbeni wakho kubandakanye i-armpit kunye ne-groin yakho
• Ukuvuvukala kwesisu kunye nokuqhaqha
• Igazi kumchamo wakho
• Igazi kwisigxina sakho

Izimpawu ezingezona ziqhelekileyo zenzeka ngee-cancer ezininzi kodwa zingabalulekanga. Imizekelo ibandakanya i-jaundice, i-yellow-discoloration yesikhumba, kunye noxinzelelo olutsha lokuqala. Ingongoma ebalulekileyo kukuthetha nodokotela wakho ukuba unayo nayiphi na impawu kuzo zonke ezingachazwanga. Kwaye ukuba ezo zimpawu zazingachazwanga emva kokubona ugqirha wakho, kubalulekile ukubuyela kwenye ityelelo okanye ufumane umbono wesibini. Abaninzi abasinda kumhlaza bayaphila ngenxa yokuba babe ngabameli babo kwaye bangazilungeleli ukuxilongwa "ngokungachazwanga."

Unyango lomhlaza

Uphulo olungcono kakhulu lomhlaza luxhomekeke kuhlobo kunye nesigaba somhlaza kunye nezinye izinto ezininzi. Sifunda kwakhona ukuba yonke umdlavuza uhlukile kwizinga leey molecular. Abantu ababini abanalo uhlobo olufanayo kunye nesigaba somhlaza bangaba neentlobo ezahlukeneyo zomdlavuza ezithatha unyango kwiindlela ezahlukeneyo. Oko kwathiwa, unyango lomhlaza lunokwahlukana kwiindidi ezibalulekileyo ezi-2.

• Ionyango zengingqi - Iipilisi zendawo zibandakanya unyango kunye neyeza. Ezi ziphethe umhlaza apho ziqala kodwa azikwazi ukufikelela kumaseli esifo esingaba kude nomdlavuza oyintloko ngokusebenzisa inkqubo yegazi okanye i-lymphatic system. Xa i-cancer isabanjwa kwangaphambili, unyango lwengingqi luyakwazi ukunyanga umhlaza.
• Ionyango zonyango - Iinkqubo zonyango ziquka i-chemotherapy, iipilisi ezijoliswe kuyo, i-hormonal therapies, kunye ne-immunotherapy, kwaye uphathe iiseli zomhlaza apho zikhona khona emzimbeni. Iimpawu zonyango zivame ukuba zifuneka ukuba umhlaza usasazeke (okanye ukuba kukho ithuba eliye lasasazeka) kunye neengcingo ezinxulumene negazi.

Izinyango zokwelapha umdlavuza zingabandakanya:

• Ugqirha - Ukwenza izifo eziqinileyo, utyando luvame ukunika ithuba elihle lokunyanga umhlaza.
• I-Chemotherapy - I-Chemotherapy ibhekisela ekusetyenzisweni kwamachiza e-cytotoxic ukubulala amaseli omhlaza. Ekubeni ezo ziyobisi zibulala nayiphi na iseli ekhulayo, kungekhona nje iiseli zeengomhlaza, unyango luhlala luquka imiphumo eyaziwa kakhulu yeentlungu zokulahleka kunye neempawu zokugaya.
• Ulwaphulo lwe-radiation - Ulwaphulo lwe-radiation lisebenzisa imisebe ephezulu yamandla ukubulala amaseli omhlaza. Ingasetyenziselwa iinjongo eziliqela ezahlukileyo ukusuka kwiinjongo zokunyanga amancinci amancinci, ekunciphiseni ubuhlungu besifo se-cancer esasasazeka kumathambo.
• Ulwaphulo olulindelekileyo - Iimvavanyo ezijoliswe kumaseli omhlaza okanye iinkqubo ezibalulekileyo kumaseli omhlaza ngokuthe ngqo, kwaye unokuba nemiphumo embalwa yecala kune-chemotherapy eqhelekileyo.
• Immunotherapy - I-Immunotherapy yindlela entsha yokwenza unyango lomdlavuza, ingqalelo ukuba amajoni ethu omzimba ahlala esazi indlela yokulwa nomhlaza. Ezi zonyango zivela kwiziyobisi ezikhuthaza amajoni ethu omzimba kulabo abasebenzisa imigaqo yokuphendula kwamagciwane ukuze baphathe umhlaza.
• Iingonyango zeHormonal - Eyaziwa nangokuthi i-endocrine therapies, izifo zonyango zihlala zisetyenziselwa umhlaza wesifuba nomhlaza wesibeletho. Ngamanye ala ma-cancer, ama-hormone aveliswa ngokwemvelo emzimbeni angakwazi ukubophelela nokukhuthaza ukukhula kwamaseli omhlaza. Ukukhuthazwa ngama-hormone kunokuthintela ukunyuka kwemveliso ye-hormones emzimbeni okanye ngokuthintela amandla ama-hormone ukuba abophe kunye nokukhuthaza iiseli zomhlaza ukuba zikhule.
• Ukutshintshwa kweseli yesitembu - Ukutshintshwa kwee-stem cell kungasetyenziselwa emva kwe-high-dose chemotherapy okanye unyango lwe-radiation ukutshintsha iiseli zegazi kwindawo yomnatha.

Imbali Yentsapho Iyithintela njani ingozi yeCcercer?

Ngeentetho malunga "neengcambu zomhlaza zesifuba" kunye neenkampani ngoku zibonelela ngokuvavanya i-genetic yomngcipheko womhlaza, unokuzibuza ukuba ibaluleke kangakanani imbali yentsapho yakho ekuqaliseni ingozi yomhlaza wakho.

Siqala ukuqonda i-genetics yomhlaza kwaye sazi ngaphantsi malunga nendlela iizalo zethu zentsholongwane ezithintela ngayo umngcipheko, kodwa sifumene ukuba i-genetics inokuchaphazela umngcipheko wokuphuhlisa amaninzi kanomdlavuza. Ngokomzekelo, iipesenti ezili-10 zabantu abane-melanoma banembali yesifo.

Kukho ezimbalwa ezibalulekileyo ezithatha amaphuzu okuqwalasela. Okokuqala kukuba kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthatha imbali yolondolozo lweentsapho. Bhala phantsi i-cancer yabantu bakho kwintsapho, baye bebudala, kunye naluphi na ulwazi olufanelekileyo. Qinisekisa ukuba uquka zonke i-cancer, nokuba ngaba ngumhlaza womdla ongathandwanga ukuba "njengefa." Ngamanye amaxesha kukudibanisa uhlobo lomhlaza oluthile oluxhalabisayo kunalo naluphi uhlobo lomhlaza kuphela.

Kwiphepha elifanayo, ungadangali xa ubonakala ubungozini esekelwe kwimbali yakho yentsapho. Kuthiwa ukuba ulwazi lunamandla, kwaye lo ngumzekelo xa le nto ingacaca ngokuqinisekileyo. Ukuba unembali yentsapho (ingozi yemfuyo) yomhlaza, unokufuna ukucinga ngako ngale ndlela: Ukuba nembali yentsapho yesifo ikuxwayisa ukuba ukhangele eso sifo. Ngokomzekelo, ukuba unentsapho yentsholongwane yomhlaza wesifuba unokuba lunokwenzeka ukuba wenze iimvavanyo zokuzifuba, unobomi, kwaye ubone ugqirha wakho ngokukhawuleza ukuba uyifumana ihlunu. Nangona kunjalo abantu abangama-90 abantu abavelisa umdlavuza webele abanayo imbali yentsapho. Abangenayo imbali yentsapho banokuba banako ukuvavanya, bahlolisise rhoqo, okanye babalekele ugqirha babo ngokufumana okungavamile.

Umgca wenyani kukuba asikwazi ukuguqula iigeni zethu, kodwa ukuba neengcamango malunga neprogram kwizo zengqikini kunokukunceda ukuba ufumane umhlaza kwisigaba sokuqala esona sonyango. Ukuphonononga ngokubanzi malunga noko sifunda ngokuphathelele imfuza kunye nomhlaza, qaphela eli nqaku elilandelayo:

• Umngcipheko weCancer: Yazi I-Genetic Your

Ukunyamekela kweCarcer

Kwixesha elidlulileyo, kwamangaliswa xa umntu esaphila ngumhlaza, kodwa ngoku, ngaphezu kwesigamu sabantu banandipha ixesha elide lokuphila emva kokuxilongwa. Kuqikelelwa kuqikelelwa abantu abayi-15 million abasinda kumdlavuza eMelika kuphela, kwaye loo nombolo iyanda.

Ngethuba sifikile ixesha elide ekuphuculeni izinga lokusinda, siqala ukuqonda oko kwenzelwe "ukunyamekela umdlavuza." Unyango lomhlaza unokuba lukhuni, kwaye inani elininzi labantu linemiqondiso eqhubekayo enxulumene nenkango ixesha elide emva kokuba unyango lwenziwe.

Siyazi ixesha elide ukuba ukulungiswa komzimba kunokuba luncedo kubantu abanochoko okanye ngisho nokuguqulwa kwamadolo, kwaye insimu yokuvuselelwa komhlaza (njengokwenziwa kompompo wokuvuselela umhlaza womphunga wamaphaphu ) uqale ukuhlangabezana neemfuno ezingagqibekanga nabasindileyo bomhlaza. Kuze kube le nto iqhutyelwe, abantu abaye basinda kumhlaza bangadinga ukuthetha le mfuno kwi-oncologists kunokuba ngenye indlela. Izifundo zokuqala zibonisa ukuba ukuvuselelwa-nokuba kukubuyisela umsebenzi olahlekileyo ngenxa yomdlavuza, ukuhlangabezana noxinzelelo olusemva kokukhathazeka oluqhelekileyo kwabasindileyo, okanye ukunciphisa ukukhubazeka kwi-lymphedema, ukulungiswa kwempilo kunokukwenza umehluko kumgangatho wobomi kubantu baye basinda kumhlaza.

Njengengxelo yokugqibela ekuqhubekekeni, abantu abaninzi abaye basinda kumdlavuza ithuba elide lokunceda abanye abajongene nesi sifo. Ingaba usanda kuxilongwa kwaye ufuna ukuxhaswa, okanye uzalise unyango kwaye wangena ekuphumeni, kukho imibutho emininzi onokuyifumana okanye yokunika inkxaso kwabanye. Kwaye xa nje sithetha malunga nokukhuthaza, qiniseka ukuba ufunde imibala yeerbhoni yeekomhlaza ezahlukeneyo . Ukugcina engqondweni ukuba ukukhanya okomfusa ngumbala omela zonke i-cancer-kunye nabo bonke abasindileyo-bemi ndawonye.

Kubahlobo nabathandekayo

Ukuba ufunda ngomhlaza ngenxa yokuba umntu owamthandayo ufunyanwe, siyabonga. Isithi, "Kuthatha idolophana" yayingakhange ichaneke ngakumbi kunokuba isetyenziswe ngumhlaza. Enye yeemvakalelo ezinzima njengoko uxhasa umntu onomhlaza ngumqondo wokungancedi. Yintoni ongayenza ukuze uhambo lwakho oluthandayo lube lula?

Ngezinto ezininzi ebomini siyazicingela kwiimeko ezifanayo, sizama ukucinga ukuba zeziphi iimfuno zethu. Yintoni ethanda ukuhlala nomhlaza ? Into esiyifunde kukuba into ebaluleke kakhulu kukukho kwakho. Ubukho bakho ngaphezu kwanoma yintoni enye inokuyithuthuzela xa ubomi obubomi bububonakala bengayilandela imigaqo.

Khangela ezi ngcebiso zokuxhasa othandayo ngomhlaza , kodwa kwakhona, ubukho bakho, kunye nokuthatha ixesha lokuphulaphula, sisisipho sakho esikhulu. Yaye ungakulibali ukuba ngelixa ukhathalele umthandayo, kufuneka uzinakekele. Siyazi ukuba kulula ukutsho kunokuba kwenziwe, kodwa kungenza umehluko omkhulu njengoko ixesha liqhubeka. I-cancer iyimarathon, kungekhona i-sprint.

ILizwi

I-Cancer isifo esinoyikisayo kunye neemvakalelo ezinokuthi ziqhube ngokujulile xa uliva eli gama kwisigwebo esifanayo njengegama lakho okanye lomntu othandekayo. Ziziphi na amanyathelo okuqala onokumthabatha, kwaye ufuna ukuba wazi ntoni?

Ngokufunda le nkcazelo uthatha isinyathelo sokuqala ukuzomeleza, nokuba usandululwazi nje, sele uhlala nesifo ixesha elithile, okanye ufuna ukuzifundisa ngezi zifo. Omnye kumadoda amabini kunye omnye kumabhinqa amabini kulindeleke ukuba abe nomhlaza ngexesha lokuphila kwabo, kwaye ezo manani azibandakanyi nomhlaza wesikhumba. Kusenokubonakala ngathi siphakathi kwesi sifo somhlaza, kodwa akusiyo isizathu sokuphelelwa lithemba. Amanyango-kunye namanqanaba okusinda-umhlaza uphuthuka ngokukhawuleza, Ngexesha elifanayo sifunda ngakumbi malunga nezizathu, kwaye yintoni enokuyenza ukukhusela umdlavuza kwindawo yokuqala.

Ukuba uye wafumanisa ukuba unomdlavuza, fi kelela kubathandekayo bakho. Ungazami ukuhamba yedwa. Funda ukuvumela abanye bakuncede. Buza imibuzo eninzi uze ube ngummeli wakho kwonyango lomhlaza .

Sisekho indlela yokuya ekufumaneni unyango olungcono kumhlaza, kodwa uphando kunye nokuqhubela phambili kwenzeka rhoqo imihla. Amakhulu amayeza ngoku aqhutyelwa ukuhlolwa kwiilingo zeclini. Kwaze kube yilapho siphethwe ngumhlaza, khumbula ukuba phakathi kwayo yonke imingeni, umhlaza ushintsha abantu ngendlela efanelekileyo . Ingaba kukuxabisa ngokutsha ubomi, inceba ngakumbi kwabanye, okanye ingqondo ejulile, kukho iinqununu zesilivere kulabo kufuneka bajamelane nale sifo esishukumisayo.

_Imithombo:

_{National Cancer Institute. Yintoni iCancer? Ukuhlaziywa 02/09/15. http://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/understanding/what-cancercer}

_{Isizwe seZiko lezeMpilo. I-SEER Training Module. Ulwahlulo lomhlaza. 2016. http://training.seer.cancer.gov/disease/categories/classification.html}

_{Umbutho WezeMpilo Wehlabathi. Ulwahlulo lwaMazwe ngamazwe lwezifo ze-oncology, u-3rd Edition (ICD-0-3). Updated 10/05/15. http://www.who.int/classifications/icd/adaptations/oncology/en/}