Ziziphi iintlobo zesifo somhlaza eMelika?
Izibalo zentengo yeCarcer ziyahlukahluka phakathi kwamazwe ahlukeneyo kwihlabathi. Ukutya kunye nezinye izinto ezingqongileyo zinokuchaphazela kakhulu uphuhliso lomhlaza. Ngokomzekelo, umdlavuza wesisu unokungaqhelekanga eJapan kodwa uthathwa njengeyinqabileyo kwiiManyeneyo eziManyeneyo. Iindidi zomhlaza eziqhelekileyo kwilizwe elinye alinakufana nelinye.
E-US, uhlobo lomhlaza kufuneka lube neengxelo ezingama-40,000 ezixeliweyo ukuba zithathwe njengoluhlobo oluqhelekileyo lomhlaza.
Eli nani litshintsha rhoqo unyaka unyaka. Ngokomzekelo, ngo-2005, iziganeko zonyaka kufuneka zibe ngama-25,000, kodwa ngo-2015, bekuyi-40,000. Ezi zibalo zihlanganiswa nguMbutho we-American Cancer, okhupha ingxelo yonyaka malunga nesiganeko somhlaza nesifo. Bona i-ACS Cancer Iinkcukacha kunye neenkalo
Ininzi yeCancer Common in the United States
I-Non-Melanoma Skin Cancer
Omnye kwabahlanu baseMerika baya kuba nomdlavuza wesikhumba ebomini babo, ngokubhekiselele kwiCancer Cancer Foundation. Baqikelela ukuba ii-2.8 yezigidi ze- celal cell carcinomas kunye nama-700,000 amacala e- squamous cell carcinomas afunyaniswa rhoqo ngonyaka. Umhlaza wesikhumba unokwahlulo ezimbini: i- melanoma kunye ne-non-melanoma. Umhlaza ongaphantsi kwe-melanoma umhlaza wesikhumba unomdla kakhulu kune-melanoma kwaye ungasongela ubomi. Nangona kunjalo, xa ushiywe ungakhange ulandelwe okanye ufumaniswe ngokukhawuleza, umhlaza wesiqanda ongeyena melanoma unokubulala okanye ukuphazamisa.
Iintlobo ezininzi zeCarcer Diagnoristic Diagnostic in the US
Oku kuluhlu lweentlobo eziqhelekileyo zomhlaza ezifunyenwe eUnited States. Amanani angama-2015 ngaphandle kwalapho kuphawulwe khona.
Umhlaza webele
Umhlaza wesifuba ngowona hlobo oluqhelekileyo lomhlaza kubasetyhini (ngaphandle kwe-non-melanoma yomhlaza wesikhumba). Kulinganiselwa ukuba abafazi abangama-231,840 kunye namadoda angama-2350 baya kufumelwa ukuba banomdlavuza wesibeleko ngonyaka.
Impilo yesisu kufanele ibe yintloko ephambili kubo bonke abasetyhini, kubandakanywa nokuhlolwa kweengxaki zebliniki kunye nezigulane eziqhelekileyo. Nangona umdlavuza webele usoloko ulifa, abafazi abangenayo imbali yentsapho yesi sifo banakho ukuvelisa umdlavuza webele.
Umhlaza wemiphunga
Ngaphandle kwe-non-melanoma yesikhumba somhlaza, umdlavuza wamaphaphu ngowona mdla wesifo oqhelekileyo phakathi kwamadoda nabasetyhini. Ngonyaka, abantu abayi-221,200 kulindeleke ukuba bafumaneke ukuba banesifo. Enye yezinto eziphambili zokuphucula umdlavuza wamaphaphu utshaya. Ezinye izizathu zikhona, ezifana nokuchazwa kwe-radon kunye nokunye ukutyhila kweekhemikhali, kodwa ukutshaya kuseyona yingozi enkulu yomdlavuza wamaphaphu.
Cancer Cancer
Umhlaza wesifo seprotate sisifo esichaphazela i-prostate gland, efunyanwa kuphela kumadoda. Ingqungquthela ubukhulu bomnatha kwaye ikhona ngaphantsi kwebhanti nangaphantsi kwe-rectum. Uhlobo oluqhelekileyo lomhlaza oluthatyathwa kumadoda (ngaphandle komhlaza wesiqhumane esingenayo i-melanoma), ngokuqikelelwa ku-220,800 uvavanyo olutsha ngonyaka.
ICaron Cancer
Kuqikelelwa ukuba abantu abayi-93,090 baya kufumelwa ukuba banomhlaza wesibeletho ngonyaka. Ngethamsanqa, ukufumanisa kwangethuba kunokwenzeka ngeenkcukacha ezifanelekileyo ngexesha elifanelekileyo.
Kunconywa ukuba abantu abanomngcipheko oqhelekileyo baqale ukuhlolwa kwi-50 yobudala kunye neminyaka elishumi emva koko.
Cancer Cancer
I-American Cancer Society ilinganisela ukuba abantu abangama-74 000 baya kufumelwa ukuba banomhlaza wesibeleko ngonyaka. Xa kufunyanwe kwiiyure zokuqala, uphephe kakhulu. Kukho iintlobo ezininzi zomhlaza wesibeletho, ezinye ziqhelekileyo kunezinye. Uhlobo oluqhelekileyo lomhlaza wesibeletho luyi-urothelial carcinoma, uqikelele malunga ne-90% yeengxaki zomhlaza wesisu.
IMelanoma
I-Melanoma luhlobo lomhlaza womhlaza ochaphazelekayo malunga nama-5% abantu abaxilongwa ngumhlaza wesikhumba, kulinganiselwa ukuba ngu-73,800 ngo-2015.
I-Melanoma nayo ibangelwa ngaphezu kwe-75% yabo yonke imfesane yokufa komhlaza ngamnye ngonyaka. Kwiimeko ezininzi, i-melanoma inokuthintela ngokunciphisa amathuba okubangela umngcipheko. I-Melanoma iyaphathwa xa ifunyanwe kwangaphambili.
I-Lodphoma engekho yeHodgkin
Kuqikelelwa ukuba abantu abangaphezu kwe-71,850 baya kufumana i-NHL kunyaka. Esi sifo sichaphazela inkqubo ye-lymphism kubantwana kunye nabantu abadala. Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo ezingama-30 ze-non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo ziquka ukukhupha ebusuku kunye ne-lymph nodes.
Cancer Cancer
I-thyroid iyinto efana nefubhefly efana neyentsimbi ephantsi kwentamo. Nangona ubuncinci besayizi, indlela i-thyroid isebenza ngayo inefuthe elikhulu kwimpilo yethu. Inemisebenzi emininzi, kubandakanywa ukulawula i-metabolism yethu kunye nemveliso ye-hormone. Kulindeleke ukuba abantu abangama-62,450 bafumaneke benomdlavuza we-thyroid ngonyaka.
I-Cancer Cancer (i-Renal Cell)
I-Renal cell carcinoma yindlela eqhelekileyo yomhlaza wengqondo, ukubalwa kwama-90% kwimeko yezifo. Kwi-renal cell carcinoma, iiseli eziyingozi zikholelwa ukuba zivela kwiibhola zezintso. I-American Cancer Society ilinganisela ukuba ngaphezu kwama-61,560 amaMerika aya kufumaneka kunyaka.
Leukemia
I-leukemia yisifo esichaphazela iiseli ezenza igazi emzimbeni. Isimo somhlaza esichazwe yintsizana yamaseli omhlophe angavamile emzimbeni. I-leukemia iqala emnzini wethambo kwaye isasazeka kwezinye iindawo zomzimba. Bobabini abantwana kunye nabantu abadala bangahlakulela i-leukemia. Abantu abangama-54,270 baseMerika banokufumaneka ukuba bane-leukemia ngonyaka.
Ngomhlaza wePancreatic
I-American Cancer Society ilinganisela ukuba abantu abangaphezu kwama-48,960 e-US baya kufumaniswa ukuba banomdlavuza wamanquba ngonyaka. Kuphantse kufana nokufa, njengoko kudla ukufunyaniswa kwisigaba esiphezulu. Isifo esiyinkimbinkimbi esinokuba nzima ukuyixilonga nokunyanga. Kuqikelelwa ukuba abantu abangama-40,560 baya kufa ngomdlavuza we-pancreatic ngonyaka.
I-Endometrial Cancer
Umdlavuza we-Endometrial ukhula kwi-endometrium, umgca wesibeleko kubasetyhini. Ngokuqhelekileyo kuthiwa ngumhlaza wesibeleko, kodwa ezinye iintlobo zomhlaza ziphuhliswa kwisibeleko, nangona kunjalo kakhulu. Umdlavuza we-Endometrial uvame ukufunyaniswa ngabafazi abaswele ekupheleni komntu, kodwa kuyafumaneka kwiinkwenkwezi ezincinci. Abafazi abangaba ngu-43 000 kulindeleke ukuba bafumane ukuba nomhlaza wesi-endometrial ngo-2010.
> Imithombo:
> "I-Cancer Cancer", i-Skin Cancer Foundation, ihlaziywe ngoFebruwari 9, 2015.
> I-American Cancer Society. I-Cancer Iinkcukacha kunye namanani e-2015. I-Atlanta: I-American Cancer Society; 2015.