Amaninzi amanqamana egazini ekuphumeni kwegazi ayilona lukhulu kangangoko kwimeko yexhego. Nangona kunjalo, ukuphuma kwegazi, ngokukodwa ezo zinto zenzeka kwi-GI phesheya, zingakuba zikhulu kwaye zibulale. Ngoko ke kubalulekile ukuba uhlolwe ngugqirha kwanoma yikuphi ukuphuma kweGI, kwaye ukuba umntu unayo nayiphi na impawu yegazi elinzima, kufuneka afune unyango lwangxamisekileyo ngokukhawuleza.
Ukuhlamba kwi-digestive tract akusisifo, kodwa kunesifo sesifo. Isizathu sokuphuma kwegazi singadibana nesimo esinokuphiliswa, okanye sisenokuba ngumqondiso wesimo esibi kakhulu.
Inkqubo yokugaya inyama, ebizwa ngokuba yimizila yesisu okanye i-GI tract, iqulethe iinxalenye ezininzi. Ezi ziquka i-esophagus, isisu, intlungu encinci, intumbu enkulu (ebizwa ngokuba yi-colon), i-rectum, ne-anus. Isizathu sokuphuma kwegazi kuxhomekeke kuyo nayiphi indawo yendlela yokutya yokugaya ivela kuyo.
Iimbangela eziqhelekileyo zokupheka kwamathumbu amathumbu:
- Ukuvuvukala (i- esophagitis ): I-asidi yesisu ekhuphukela kwi-esopha ingabangela ukuvuvukala, kwaye ukuvuvukala kunokukhokelela ekuphumeni kwegazi.
- Ii-Varices : Ezi zivulo ezingavamile ngokungavumelekanga ezisezantsi ekupheleni kwe-oopopus.
- Iinyembezi : Ukuqhekeka kwimbonakalo yesigxu esivame ukubangelwa ukuhlanza ixesha elide, kodwa kunokubangelwa ukukhwehlela ixesha elide okanye ukuxhoma. Ngamanye amaxesha ibizwa ngokuba yi-Mallory-Weiss syndrome, okuyiyo ingxaki yesigxina esingaphantsi kwesigxina esibangelwa ukutshatyalaliswa okunzulu nokuhlanza kwaye kubonakaliswe ukugqithisa okuhambisana nokuphuma kwamanzi.
- Ulcers
- Cancer
- I-Duodenal ulcer
- Isifo sesibindi sokuvuvukala : Ukuvutha kungenzeka, okungakhokelela ekuphumeni kwegazi.
- Cancer
Kwi-Intestine enkulu kunye neRectum:
- Iimemorrhoids : Le yinto ebangela kakhulu igazi elibonakalayo kwicandelo elincinane lokutya, kwaye ngokuqhelekileyo libomvu eliqaqambileyo. Ziye zandiswe imithanjeni endaweni engafanelekanga inokuphuka kunye negazi.
- Ulwelative colitis : Ukuvuthwa kunye nesilonda esincinci kunokubangela ukuphuma kwegazi.
- Isifo sikaCrohn : Esi sisifo esingapheliyo esinokubangela ukuvuvukala okungabangela ukuphuma kwegazi .
- Umhlaza wesiqhelo: Lo ngumqathango obangelwa ukuphuma ngaphandle kwodonga lwamakholoni.
Iimpawu zokuphuma kwamathambo esiswini
Ziziphi iimpawu onokuzenza ngegazi lokuxhamla kuxhomekeke kwinqanaba le-digestive tract of bleeding occurs, nokuba ingaba yinto enzima (emfutshane okanye enzima) okanye engapheliyo (ixesha elide) ukuphuma.
Iimpawu zeBleeding ephezulu ye-GI:
- Igazi elibomvu elikhanyayo, iingubo ezimnyama, okanye i-coffee material-like material in vomit
- Umnyama, i-tar-like stool
Iimpawu zeBleeding Lower GI:
- Ukugqithisa igazi elibomvu kuphela, okanye ukudlulisa igazi elixutywe kwisitulo (ukujikela kwisitulo esimnyama okanye njengetata)
- Igazi elibomvu elibomvu okanye elibomvu kwisigxina
Iimpawu zokuphuma kwamanzi
- Ubuthathaka
- Ukuqhawukelwa ngumphefumlo
- Utywala
- Ukukhawuleza
- Ukunciphisa umchamo womchamo
- Intlungu yesisu esiswini
- I-cold, i-clammy izandla kunye neenyawo
- Ukusilela
- Uhudo
- Ukudideka
- Ukuphazamiseka
- Ukulala
- Igazi elibomvu elibomvu libophe isitulo
- Igazi elimnyama lixutywe nesigxina
- Umnyama okanye i-tarry stool
- Igazi elibomvu elibomvu ngokuhlanza
- Ukubonakala kwendawo yekhofi yokuhlanza
Iimpawu zokuphuma kwegazi elingapheliyo
- Ubuthathaka
- Ukukhathala
- Ukuqhawukelwa ngumphefumlo
- Pallor
- Iintlungu zesifuba
- Utywala
- Lethargy
- Ukusilela
- Igazi elibomvu elibomvu libophe isitulo
- Igazi elimnyama lixutywe nesigxina
- Umnyama okanye i-tarry stool
- Igazi elibomvu elibomvu ngokuhlanza
- Ukubonakala kwendawo yekhofi yokuhlanza
Ukuchonga i-tractinal tract bleeding
Ugqirha uya kuqalisa inkqubo yokuxilonga ngokurekhoda imbali yonyango yesigulane, kunye nokuhlola okusemgangathweni. Ngethuba loviwo, ugqirha uya kubuza malunga nemikhwa yobomi (ehamba ngokugqithiseleyo kunexesha eliqhelekileyo), umbala wesigxina (omnyama okanye obomvu) kunye nokuzimela (ukukhulula okanye ukuqina ngakumbi). Uya kucela nokuba unayo nayiphi na intlungu okanye ububele, nalapho ikhona khona. Ugqirha uya kuthi alandele iimvavanyo zokuxilonga ukuba uvavanyo lwakhe alubonakali isizathu sokuphuma kwamanzi (njengama-hemorrhoids), okanye ukuchonga ukuba kukho na enye ibangela yokukhupha.
Uvavanyo lokuxilonga luquka:
- Endoscopy ephezulu
- EGD (esophagogastroduodenoscopy)
- IColonoscopy
- Sigmoidoscopy
- Anoscopy
- I-Barium x-rays
- Biopsies
Ukunyanga kwimizila yesisu esiswini
Ukunyanga kwegazi kwindawo yokugaya kuxhomekeke kwisizathu sokuphaphaka, nokuba ingaba ukuphuma kwegazi kunzima okanye kungapheliyo. Ngokomzekelo, ukuba i- aspirin inomthwalo wokukhupha, isigulane siyeke ukuthatha i-aspirin kwaye ukuphuma kwegazi kuphathwa. Ukuba umhlaza yimbangela yokuphuma kwegazi, ikhosi eqhelekileyo yonyango ukususwa kwesisu. Ukuba isilonda se-peptic siyimbangela yokuphuma, ugqirha unokumisela iyeza elonyango likaHlpylori , uncoma utshintsho ekudleni, mhlawumbi utshintsho kwindlela yokuphila.
Isinyathelo sokuqala kunyango lwe-GI ukukhupha ukuyeka ukuphuma kwegazi. Oku kufuthi kwenziwa ngokufaka ii-chemicals ngokuthe ngqo kwindawo yokuphuma kwintswelo, okanye ngokucwangcisa indawo yokuphuma kwintsholongwane kunye neprojekthi ye-heater eyadlula kwi- endoscope .
Isinyathelo esilandelayo kukunyanga imeko eyabangela ukuphuma kwegazi. Oku kuquka imishanguzo esetyenziswa ukuphatha izilonda, i-esophagitis, H. pylori , kunye nezinye izifo. Ezi zibandakanya iproton pump inhibitors (PPIs), i- block block H2 kunye ne-antibiotics. Ingenelelo yokuphanda ikwafuneka kwakhona, ingakumbi ukuba imbangela yokukhupha i-tumor okanye i-polyps, okanye ukuba unyango nge-endoscope aluphumelelanga.
Imithombo:
"Ukuhlamba kwiTekethi yeSigestive." Ukupapashwa kwe-NIH uNombolo 07-1133 Novemba 2004. I-National Digestive Diseases Information Clearinghouse (NDDIC). 18 Oktobha 2007.