I-esophag iyingxenye yendlela yokugaya ehamba phakathi komlomo nesisu. I-esophagus ibhubhu, kunye nomsebenzi wayo oyintloko kukuthwala ukutya kunye ne-liquid, emva kokuba ugxinyiwe, ukusuka emlonyeni ukuya kwisisu.
Esophageal Sphincters
Izivulo eziphezulu kwipopu engemuva komqala kunye nasemzantsi we-esophagus emnyango wesisu zivaliwe yimisipha ebizwa ngokuthi i-sphincters (ebizwa ngokuba yi- sphincter esophageal kunye ne-infhgetic esophageal sphincter).
I-sphincters ivulekile ukuze uvumele ukutya kunye nokugqithiswa kwamanzi, kodwa uvale kwakhona ukukhusela nayiphi na impahla ekuncedeni ukusuka esiswini ukuya kwi-oophagus nakwi-esophagus ukuya emlonyeni.
Imivavanyo eyenziwe
Izilingo ezingasetyenziselwa ukuxilonga izifo ze-esopha ziquka i- raum x-rays (okanye i-swallowum swallow), i-endoscopy ephezulu kunye novavanyo lwe-pH . Ngethuba lokugwinya kwe-barium, i -ray-ray ithathwa kwisigxuma emva kokuba isisombululo se-barium sigxile. Kwi-endoscopy ephezulu, ityhubhu enekhamera kunye nokukhanya ekugqibeleni idluliselwa emlonyeni nasemgodini. I-pH yesipopu ibalwa ngeso sixhobo esikhethekileyo esadluliselwa kwisigxina.
Isifo seCrohn ye-Esophagus
Isifo singasichaphazeleka ngesifo sikaCrohn, nangona kunqabile kwaye kuqikelelwa ukuba kwenzeke ngaphantsi kwe-1% yezigulane. Izibonakaliso zesifo sikaCrohn kwisigxina singabandakanya inkathazo yokugwinya okanye ukugwinya nokuhlunguphaza .
Ukuba isifo sesifo se-Crohn sisicatshulwa, i-endoscopy ephezulu ingabonakalisa izilonda, i-fistula, okanye izithintelo kwi-oophagus. Ukunyangwa kwesifo sikaCrohn kwisigxina singabandakanya imishanguzo, ukunyuka kwamanzi, ukutya okunomsoco, kunye nokuhlinzwa.
GERD
Enye imeko eqhelekileyo enokuchaphazela i-esophagus isifo sesifo se-reflux gastroesophageal (GERD) .
Kwi-GERD, i-sphincter phakathi kwesisu kunye nesisu isenza buthathaka, okuvumela ukutya kunye neentsholongwane zokugaya kwisisu ukuba zibuyele kwisigxina. Abantu abaninzi banamaxesha athile okubhukuda okanye ukunyanzelisa , kodwa i-GERD ifunyaniswa xa i-reflux ivela ngaphezu kwamaxesha amahlanu ngeveki. Ngokuhamba kwexesha, i-GERD ingakhokelela kwiimeko ezinzulu ezinjengezilonda okanye izigulane .
Ezinye izifo
Izifo kunye neemeko zesigxina ziquka:
- Achalasia
- Isifo sikaBarrett
- Cancer
- Iindandatho ze-Esophageal (indandatho yeSchatzki)
- Isilonda esophageal
- Iimpawu ezixhasayo
- Webhsophageal web
- Esophagitis
- Izifo ze-Reflux ze-Gastroesophageal (GERD)
- Ukuguquka
- I-Mallory-Weiss inyembezi
- I-Plummer-Vinson syndrome
Imithombo:
Decker GA, Loftus EV Jr, Pasha TM, Tremaine WJ, Sandborn WJ. "Isifo sikaCrohn sesigxina: iimpawu zekliniki kunye neziphumo." I-Inflamm Bowel Dis 2001 Ngomhla: 7: 113-119. 02 Okthoba 2015.
IiFagag J, uVictor D, uJoshi V. "I-Crohn Izifo ze-Esophagus: Ukuhlaziywa kweeNcwadi." UMzantsi Melika u-2008 Sept; 101: 927-9 30. Ngomhla wama-02 Oktoba 2015.
Ohta M, Konno H, Kamiya K, et al. "Isifo sikaCrohn sesigxina: ingxelo yecala." Ugqirha namhlanje 2000; 30: 262-267. 02 Okthoba 2015.