Iimpawu zokuqala zengculaza ye-Lung
Ziziphi iimpawu zokuqala zomhlaza wemiphunga-iimpawu zokuqala eziza kukuxelela into engalunganga? Lo ngumbuzo obalulekileyo kuwo wonke umntu, nokuba uke wavutha okanye awukho. Umhlaza womlenze uyisifo esilinganayo nesifo. Kwenzeka kubantu abangabhemi, kwenzeka kubafazi ngokukhawuleza njengamadoda, kwaye kwenzeka kubantu abadala. Enyanisweni, umhlaza wamaphaphu unyuka kumancinci, abesifayeli abangabhemi.
Kubaluleka kokwazi iMpawu zeChre Cancer
Nangona umdlavuza wamaphaphu uqhelekile-yimbangela ebangela ukubulawa komhlaza kwindoda kunye nabasetyhini eUnited States-uphando olutshanje lufumene ukuba kuphela ipesenti encinci yabemi beyazi kakuhle iimpawu eziqhelekileyo.
Kwaye kuba kungekho mvavanyo yokuhlola umdlavuza wamaphaphu ufumaneke kuwo wonke umntu, ukuqonda impawu ngokuqhelekileyo kukuphela kwendlela yokuyifumana kangangoko kunokwenzeka, ngaphambi kokuba isasazeke.
Siyazi ukuba izinga lokusinda kumdlavuza wamaphaphu lungcono ngaphambili. Umlinganiselo weminyaka emihlanu wokusindisa abantu abanomhlaza wesifo somhlaza wamaphesenti angaba ngama-50, owehla ukuya kumanqanaba angamaqhezu kwizigaba eziphambili.
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Ziziphi Iimpawu Zomhlaza We-Lung kuBasetyhini?
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Amagqabantshintshi amancinci omzimba weeNgqungquthela
Ngelishwa, phantse isiqingatha sabantu sele sele sephambili kwizigaba zomhlaza wamaphaphu ngexesha lokuxilongwa.
Umdlavuza womlenze ungabangela iimpawu ngeendlela ezininzi. Ingabangela iimpawu ngokukhula kunye nokuchukumisa kwiindwendwe zomoya kunye nezakhiwo kunye kunye nemipopu. Ingabangela iimpawu eziqhelekileyo ezinxulumene nokukhula komhlaza, njengokukhathala nokulahleka kwesisindo. Kwaye kunokubangela iimpawu xa zisasazeka kwezinye iindawo zomzimba, ezifana namathambo okanye ingqondo.
Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo kunye nezibonakaliso zengculaza ye-Lung
Amaphesenti angama-90 abantu abanempawu ngexesha lomdlavuza wemiphunga ufumaneka. Ezinye iipesenti ezi-5 ukuya kwi-10 ziyakuthi zifumaneke emva kokuba umhlaza ufunyenwe kwi-screening okanye ifunyenwe ngephene xa uvavanyo luyalelwe ukuba luhlolisise ingxaki engahambelaniyo.
Ngoko kutheni i-diagnostic ihlala iphosakele okanye ilibazisekile?
Ukongezelela ukungabikho kolwazi oluntu malunga neempawu kunye neempawu eziqhelekileyo, kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba iimpawu zokuqala zomhlaza wemiphunga zingabonakali okanye zingacacanga. Esikhundleni sokuphawula ukukhubaza ukuphazamiseka, umntu unokuthi uqaphele ukuba uyasula umqala wakhe ngaphezu kwesiqhelo. Esikhundleni sokuphazamiseka ngomoya ophefumlelweyo, omnye unokucinga ukuba aphelelwe ngumzimba okanye ufumene amakhilogremu ambalwa xa ehamba ehamba ngezinyawo.
Njengoko ufunda le miqondiso kunye neempawu, zibeke kwimemori yakho, zombini kunye nabathandekayo bakho. Akuqhelekanga ukuba abantu babone ugqirha kuphela emva komntu othandekayo ukuphawula ngenye yale miqondiso. Izimpawu eziqhelekileyo zingaquka:
Isiqhamo Esingahambi
Ukukhwehlela okuqhubekayo yimiqondiso eqhelekileyo yomhlaza wemiphunga. Olu khohlela lunokuba lumile okanye lumanzi, rhoqo okanye lungaqhelekanga, kwaye lwenzeka nanini na lusuku. Abantu abaninzi banqabile ukukhwehlela okuqhubekayo, besinika into ethile.
Mhlawumbi i-allergies, ukukhwehlela okuseleyo emva kokubanda, okanye umoya omile ngexesha lebusika. Okanye mhlawumbi ucinga ukuba ukukhwehlela kwakho kukukhwehlela . Kodwa umkhwehlela ohlala ngaphezu kweeveki ezimbalwa ungabonakalisa into ebalulekileyo.
Umkhuhlane ongapheliyo njengempawu zokuqala zomhlaza wamaphaphu kunzima ukuphosakeka ukuba unesimo esenza ukuba ukhwehle, njengesifuba se-asthma, i-COPD, i-allergies, okanye i-reflux ye-gastroesophageal. Ukuba ufumana ukukhwehlela okuqhubekayo, xela ugqirha wakho. Umhlaza womlenze ngumnye wezinto ezibangela ukukhwehlela okuqhubekayo , kodwa kubaluleke kakhulu. Nangona umdlavuza wamaphaphu ufumaneka kwipesenti ezi-2 kuphela zabantu abanomkhuhlane ongapheliyo, ama-50 ekhulwini labantu abanomdlavuza wamaphaphu banomkhuhlane ongapheliyo ngexesha lokuxilongwa.
Ukufutshane kobushushu kunye nomsebenzi
Esinye isibonakaliso sokuqala somhlaza wamaphaphu ukuphefumula okukhoyo nje kuphela kumsebenzi. Oku kunganakwa kwaye kuhlawulwe xa usakhula, ungaphandle kwemilo, okanye mhlawumbi ngenxa yezo iipounds ezimbalwa ozifumanayo.
Ukuba uqaphela ukuba unganqikazi ukuthatha i-hike, uqhutywe ngomsebenzi wesondo, okanye utyumle ubuncwane ukuze kunzima ukuphefumula, yenza isigqibo sokuthetha nodokotela wakho.
Izifo ezithintekayo ezifana neBronchitis kunye nePneumonia
Kuqhelekile ukuba umntu athole ukuba unomdlavuza wamaphaphu emva kokuba uphathwe ngeziganeko eziphindaphindiweyo ze-bronchitis okanye i-pneumonia. Ukuba i-tumor ikhona kufuphi ne-airway, inokubangela ukuphazamiseka okubangela ukuba ufumane izifo. Ukuba unesifo sesifo esifubeni sithetha noogqirha wakho, ingakumbi ukuba unayo enye impawu ezinokutheleleka kwesifuba esifana nesifo somkhuhlane. Ukuphindaphinda izifo zesifuba kungabandakanywa nokutshaya, imeko efana neCOPD, kodwa ingaba uphawu lokuqala lomhlaza wamaphaphu.
Ukuhlamba igazi
Ukuqhafaza igazi "eli- hemoptysis " egazini lezokwelapha-luphawu oluqhelekileyo lomhlaza wemiphunga, kwaye ke kuphela uphawu olubhekiselele kuma-7 ekhulwini labantu ngexesha lokuxilongwa. Nangona ukukhwehlela igazi kunokuvakala kakhulu, abantu abaninzi banokubona kuphela inani elincinci le-sputum elinegazi.
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Xa I-Pain Back is Symptom of Cancer Lung
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Xa Ubunzima Ubunzima Bokuba Ngumqondiso Weengqungqa Zomhlaza?
I-Hemoptysis nayo ibonakaliso enokuthi ihambe ngokukhawuleza. Ukuhlamba iipaspoons ezi-2 ze-sputum ezigazini zibhekwa njengongxamiseko lwezonyango.
Intlungu kunye neentlungu
Izidumbu ezenzeka kwimigangatho ephezulu yemiphunga eyaziwa ngokuba yi- Pancoast tumors kaninzi ayinalo "iimpawu eziqhelekileyo" zomhlaza wemiphunga. Kunoko, ezi zicubu zinokubangela intlungu emagxeni (amaninzi amaninzi), atyhula phantsi ingalo eya kumunwe we-pinky. Ezinye iimpawu ze-Pancoast syndrome zingabandakanya ubuthathaka kunye nokubetha kwezandla, kunye ne " Horner's syndrome" -i-constellation yeempawu ezingabandakanya ijwabu le-droopy, kunye nokutshiza, kunye nokujuluka kwelinye icala lobuso. Ukongeza kokungabikho kwempawu zempawu zomhlaza wemiphunga, ezi zicubu zinokuba nzima ukuzifumana kwizifundo zokucinga kunye nokuxilongwa kudla ngokukhawuleza.
Iintlungu zesifuba
Intlungu yesifuba, abathi abanye abantu bayichaza ngokuthi " ubuhlungu bomphunga ," lunokuvela kumdlavuza wamaphaphu kwaye uqhelekile nakwixesha lokuqala lomdlavuza wamaphaphu. Nangona imiphunga engenazo iintlungu zentlungu, imitha yamaphaphu (i-pleura), kunye nezakhiwo ezijikeleze imiphunga, zineziphelo zentsholongwane, yaye le ntlungu ingaba ngathi ivela emiphakeni. Iintlungu ezibhekiselele nazo zingathi zivezwe kule ndawo. Ukufikelela kumaphesenti ama-50 abantu abanomdlavuza wamaphaphu banesifo esifubeni okanye kwiintlungu zentlungu ngexesha lokuxilongwa.
Umqolo obuhlungu
Ngokuqinisekileyo, kukho izizathu zentlungu ebuyiswe yintlungu eqhelekileyo kunomdlavuza wamaphaphu, kodwa intlungu emva koko yinto eqhelekileyo yokuqala yomhlaza wemiphunga . Oku kungabangela ingcinezelo esivela kwi-tumor, ukushukunyiswa kweengcambu zentsholongwane, ukusasaza amathambo emgodleni, okanye i- adastal metastases-i- adrenal glands zizitho ezincinci ezibekwe phezulu kweentso apho umhlaza wesifo somdlavuza usasazeka khona. Intlungu ebuhlungu ehlobene nomdlavuza wamaphaphu ihlala iphakathi kwinqanaba eliphezulu, likhona ngokuphumla kunye nomsebenzi, kwaye iyancipha ngakumbi ebusuku kunye nokuphefumula.
Ukulahlekelwa kwesisindo esingachazwanga
Ukulahlekelwa kwesisindo esingenalutho kuchazwa njengokulahlekelwa kweepesenti ezingama-5 zesisindo somzimba, okanye ngaphezulu kweepounds ezili-10, ngexesha leenyanga ezintandathu ukuya kwezi-12. Kukho iindlela ezininzi apho umdlavuza ungabangela ukulahleka kwesisindo, ukususela ekulahlekeni kwesidlo kwiinguqulelo zesitetabolism esifana nesisu. Ukulahleka kwesisindo kubakho kwipesenti ezingama-20 ukuya kuma-70 ekhulwini labantu abanomdlavuza wamaphaphu ngaphambi kokuxilongwa.
Izibonakaliso ezingekho phantsi kunye neeMpawu zoLutsha lweLung
Ukongeza kwiimpawu ezikhankanywe ngasentla, zikhona ezinye iimpawu ezininzi ezingahambelana nomdlavuza wemiphunga. Ezi ziquka:
Ukuthuka
Umdlavuza womlenze ungabangela izwi eligqithisileyo ngeendlela ezimbalwa. Izibilini kwisifuba singabangela uxinzelelo kwiintambo zamagama (larynx), kodwa ukukhathazeka kubantu abanomdlavuza wamaphaphu kubangelwa yixinzelelo kwi-nerve ekhokelela kwibhokisi yezwi ebizwa ngokuba yi-laryngeal nererve. Uphawu lokutya- ngakumbi xa luqhubeka-ludinga ukuhlolisiswa kakuhle.
Ubuso kunye neNeck Ukukhulelwa
Ingxaki yomhlaza wamaphaphu obizwa ngokuba yi-vena cava syndrome ephezulu (i- SVC syndrome ) ingabangela ukuvuvukala ubuso, intamo, kunye neengalo, kunye neethambo ezixubile entanyeni nasesifuba. Ezi zimpawu zenzeke xa izidumbu zemiphunga zinyusa kwi-vena cava ephezulu, isitya esikhulu segazi esibuyisela igazi entliziyweni.
Ukukhathala
Kubonakala ngathi wonke umntu ufumana ukukhathala, kodwa ukukhathala ngamaxesha adibene nomdlavuza wamaphaphu kuyahluka. Abanye abantu bachaza ukukhathala ngokuthi "ukuphelelwa ngumzimba wonke" okanye ukudinwa. Yiyo uhlobo lokukhathala okungakhange kulungiswe lula ngobusuku obuhle bokulala okanye indebe enhle yekhofi.
Ukugubha
Kukho ilizwi eliya kuthi, "yonke into ehambayo ayikho isifuba" kunye nomhlaza womphunga ngenye yezo zinto. Ingqalelo kukuba i- wheyzing ehlobene nomdlavuza wamaphaphu ayisoloko yenziwa ngokubanzi njengoko i-asthma. Enyanisweni, abantu bahlala bekwazi ukuchaza apho i-wheyzing ivela kwimiphunga yawo (i-wheels).
Izambatho zegazi (i-Deep Vein Thrombosis kunye ne-Pulmonary Embolism)
Iingcambu zegazi ngamatyala ziqhelekile kubantu abanomdlavuza wamaphaphu , nangona ngexesha lokuxilongwa. Nangona unyango lwezonyango ezifana nokuhlinzwa kunye ne-chemotherapy ziyaziwa ukuba zandise ingozi, ezi ngxube zingenzeka nokuba ngaphambi kokuba umdlavuza wamaphaphu ufumaneke. Ubuhlungu bomlenze kunye nethole kunye nokukhukhula ziyimpawu eziqhelekileyo zentsholongwane enzulu, kunye neempawu zentlungu yesifuba (ngokuphindaphindiweyo kwaye ngokukhawuleza) kunye nokuphefumula okuphefumlelweyo xa kwenzeka ukuba la maqabunga adibanise aze ahambe emiphakeni (i-pulmonary embolus.)
Syndromes Paraneoplastic
Ezinye izidumbu zamanqamu zamaphaphu zikhulula izinto ezinjenge-hormone, eziza kubangela iqela elikhethekileyo leempawu. Lezi zimpawu, ezibizwa ngokuba yi- paraneoplastic syndromes zenzeka malunga nama-10 ekhulwini ukuya kuma-20 ekhulwini labantu abanomdlavuza wamaphaphu (ngokuqhelekileyo umdlavuza omninzi wamangqamuzana omnxeba) kwaye bavame ukuphakama ngaphambi kokuba iimpawu zomhlaza wemiphunga ngokwawo.
Ezi zimbini ze-paraneoplastic syndromes eziqhelekileyo zibandakanya i-hypercalcemia, apho izidumbu (ngokuqhelekileyo i-squamous cell carcinoma) zikhupha into ephakamisa amanqanaba e-calcium egazi okwenza ukoma, ubuthathaka obuthathaka kunye nokudideka, kunye nesifo sengqondo esingalunganga i-ADH (i-SIADH) apho iimvumi ukukhupha into ephantsi kwezinga le-sodium elibangelwa intloko, ubuthathaka kunye nokulahlekelwa kwememori.
Iimpawu zeLung Cancer Metastases
Umdlavuza womlenze uvame ukufunyanwa emva kokuba sele usasazeka kwezinye iindawo zomzimba. Imimandla eqhelekileyo apho umdlavuza wamaphaphu usasazeka kubandakanya ubuchopho, amathambo, isibindi, kunye neengxaki ze-adrenal. Ezinye iimpawu ezinokuthi ziquka intloko, ubuthathaka, okanye ukutshatyalaliswa (ngenxa yengqondo ye-metastases ), intlungu emva (ngenxa yeethambo zesisu ), kunye neentlungu eziswini, isisonguluko kunye nokuhlanza (ngenxa yesifo se-metastases ).
Naluphi na iimpawu ezingavumelekanga okanye ukuhla kweMpilo kwi-Health 'yakho'
Ukusuka kwintlungu emadolweni ukuya kwi-anemia, olu luhlu luyaqhubeka nokuchaza iimpawu ezininzi ezingathi umdlavuza wamaphaphu. Kodwa uphawu olubalulekileyo olungakhange lunikezwe igama lonyango luyi-intuition yakho. "Ukuvakalelwa kwakho emathunjini." Umzimba wakho ukuxelela ntoni? Abantu abaninzi bathi ngaphambi kokuba bahlolwe ngumhlaza wamaphaphu, babengazange bazive kakuhle okanye bebuza ukuba kukho into engalunganga. Mvalele eso silumkiso xa umzimba wakho usichazela, kwaye uthetha nodokotela wakho.
Iimpawu zeCheng Cancer kwi-Non-Smokers kunye nabasetyhini
Kwiminyaka yamuva sifunde kakhulu malunga nendlela iimpawu zesifo senhliziyo kwabasetyhini zihluke ngayo kula madoda. Ngoku sifunda ukuba iimpawu zomdlavuza wamaphaphu kubasetyhini zihlala zihluke kunezo zindoda. Ukongezelela, iimpawu zomhlaza wemiphunga kubantu abangabhemi zingahlukana nazo kubantu abashushu. Ekubeni umdlavuza wamaphaphu awuphezulu kwiidrafra zeedrhada zeedride kubafazi, kwaye ingakumbi abangabhemi, azinakho ukufunyanwa kuze kube sezantsi kwizigaba zesifo. Kwaye ukuxilongwa kwangaphambili kuthetha ithuba elincinci lokunyanga.
Kwixesha elidlulileyo, umdlavuza wamaphaphu njengomdlavuza omncinci wamaphaphu kunye ne-squamous cell carcinoma zaziqhelekileyo. Ezi ngqamana, ezixhomekeke ngakumbi ekubhemeni, zivame ukuvela kwimimandla ephambili yomphunga, kufuphi ne-airways. Ngenxa yeli ndawo, bahlala bebangela ukuba iimpawu ziveze kwangaphambili; izifo eziphangaleleyo zamaphaphu ngenxa yokuvinjelwa kwamanzi, okanye ukukhwehlela igazi njengoko zikhula zingena kwi-airways.
Ngoku, imiphunga ye-adenocarcinoma yimbangela eqhelekileyo yomdlavuza wamaphaphu kwaye uhlobo lomhlaza womphunga oqhelekileyo kubasetyhini nabantu abangabambi. Ezi ngxowankulu zihlala zihlala kwimimandla engaphandle (kwipheriphery) yemiphunga, kwaye iyakhula ngokubanzi ngaphambi kokuba ibangele naziphi iimpawu. Uphawu lokuqala kunye ne-adenocarcinoma lunokuba yinto engacacanga yokuphefumula nje ngokuba i-tumor ithatha ama-lung tissue, kunye nezinye iimpawu ezingezizo ezifana nokukhathala nokulahlekelwa yidlo.
Izifo kunye nemeko efana ne-Cancer Cancer
Ekuhloliseni iimpawu neempawu zomhlaza wemiphunga uya kubona ukuba kukho ezinye iimeko ezininzi ezinempawu kunye neempawu ezifanayo, Enyanisweni, inani elikhulu labantu abanomdlavuza wamaphaphu baqala ukuxilongwa ngezinye iimeko, ukubambezela unyango.
Ukukhwehlela okungapheliyo kunokubangelwa ngumdlavuza wamaphaphu, kodwa kunokuba kunxulumene neengxaki zomzimba, izifo zentsholongwane eziphindaphindiweyo, okanye ezininzi iimeko. Zomibini iCOPD nomdlavuza wamaphaphu unakho iimpawu ezifanayo. Isifo sofuba asikhupheli nje umngcipheko wokuba nomdlavuza wamaphaphu, kodwa ezo zibini aziqhelekanga ngokungaqhelekanga njengenye. Ekubeni kuninzi phakathi kweengxaki zokuxilonga, kubalulekile ukuthetha nodokotela wakho malunga nazo zonke iimpawu zakho, nokuba ngaba kukho enye yale mpawu ibonakala ibe mncinane. Ukuhlanganiswa kweempawu ozifumanayo kubaluleke ngakumbi kunempawu zomntu ngamnye.
Ngexesha lokujonga uDokotela wakho
Ukuba unayo yale mpawu, xela ugqirha wakho. Uphando lwase-UK lufumanise ukuba ixesha eliphakathi phakathi kokuqala kweempawu kunye nexesha apho abantu befuna unyango lwemiphunga yomhlaza wamaphaphu bekuyiinyanga ezili-12.
Ukuba awunaso ukutshaya kunye nale mpawu, musa ukugxotha ithuba lokuba ngumdlavuza wamaphaphu, kwaye ufumane umbono wesibini ukuba ugqirha wakho uyayichitha. Umdlavuza womlenze kwi-non-smokers ngowesihlandlo sesithandathu esibangela umdla wabulala eMelika.
Ukuba utshaya kunye nale mpawu, unganqikazi ukubiza ugqirha wakho. Ucwaningo olwenziwa ngo-2016 lubonise ukuba abantu ababhemayo abanakwenzeka ukuba batyelele oogqirha babo ngeempawu zokwazisa zomhlaza wamaphaphu kunabangabhemi. Ukuba uziva unetyala ngokubhema, cima eso sinyala uze wenze ukuqeshwa. Wonke umntu-nokuba awuzange utshaye okanye utyunyuze ebomini bakho-unelungelo lokunyamekela kunye unyango olujongene nomdlavuza wamaphaphu.
Ukuba unomlando wokutshaya, xela ugqirha wakho ngomfanekiso wesifo somhlaza ngaphambi kokuba unempawu. Ukucetywa kunconywa kubantu aba:
- Ngaba phakathi kweminyaka engama-55 no-80
- Umsi okanye uphelele i-pack-30 ye-pack-years
- Qhubeka ukutshaya okanye ukuyeka ukutshaya kwiminyaka eyi-15 edluleyo
ILizwi
Kubalulekile ukuqaphela kwakhona ukuba phantse naziphi na izibonakaliso zingaba ngumqondiso wesilumkiso somhlaza wemiphunga. Ukuba unayo uphawu olungachazwanga-nokuba luloluhlu okanye ungathethi ugqirha wakho. Uhlala emzimbeni wakho kwaye uyazi kuphela xa into engalungile. Kukho nezinye iimeko ekungezelelwe kumhlaza wesifo samaphaphu. Ukuba awufumani iimpendulo, fumana umbono wesibini.
Gcina ingqondweni-kwaye ukhumbuze ugqirha wakho ukuba kuyimfuneko-ukuba nabani na abaneemiphunga bangakwazi ukufumana umdlavuza wamaphaphu. Njengoko kuphawuliwe kwangaphambili, ukuxilongwa komdlavuza wamaphaphu kudla ukulibazisa kubantu abangabambi. Umyalezo esiwuva ngokuqhubekayo ukusinda kumdlavuza wamaphaphu kukuba kufuneka ukhulume. Ukuba ngummeli wakho kwimpilo yakho kunokusindisa ubomi bakho.
Imithombo:
American Cancer Society. Iingqinisiso zeK cancer kunye neenombolo 2016 . I-Atlanta: I-American Cancer Society; 2016. http://www.cancer.org/research/cancerfactsstatistics/cancerfactsfigures2016/
UFriedemann Smith C, uWorkaker K, uWinstanley K, kunye neWardle J. Ababhemayo abancinci kunokuba bangabhiyiyo bafune ukuncedwa kwi-Alarm 'Alarm' Symptom. Thorax . Ishicilelwe kwi-intanethi 21 Feb 2016.
Dlula J, uCarbone D, Johnson D, et al. Iimigaqo kunye nokuSebenza kweCarcer Lung . 4 Edition. UWilliams noWilkins: ngo-2010.
U-Thomas K. Ulwaziso lwesineke: Ingozi yomdlavuza wemilenze, iimpawu, kunye nokuxilongwa (Ngaphandle kwezinto ezisisiseko). Isemgangathweno. 04/29/16. http://www.uptodate.com/contents/lung-cancer-risks-symptoms-and-diagnosis-beyond-the-basics