Iimbangela zoKufihla koBuqu kunye nexesha lokukhathazeka
Ukuphefumula kufumaneka uphawu oluqhelekileyo olukhuthaza abantu ukuba batyelele ugqirha wabo. Esi sibonakaliso singafika ngokukhawuleza okanye sifike ngokukhawuleza kangangokuthi asiqatshelwa ekuqaleni.
Ukuba ufumana ukuphefumla okufutshane, oko akuthethi ukuba kufuneka ukhathazeke ngomdlavuza wamaphaphu okanye iimeko ezinzulu ezifana nesifo senhliziyo. Zininzi ezibangela ukuphefumula okufutshane.
Nangona kunjalo, ekubeni "okungaqhelekanga" kubangelwa ukuphefumula okufutshane, kubalulekile ukwenza ukuqesha kunye nogqirha wakho ukufumana isizathu.
Qaphela: Xa ufuna Ukukhawuleza Ukunyamekela
Ukuba ukuphefumula kwakho kunzima, kwafika ngokukhawuleza, okanye kuhambelana neempawu zesifo somfuba, ukukhwehlela igazi, ukukhanya okukhawulezileyo, intlungu, ukuvuvukala, okanye ukubomvu kwemilenze yakho engaphantsi, okanye ukuba uzive ngathi into enokungahambi kakuhle ( ukuvakalelwa kwintsikelelo ezayo), yeka ukufunda nokubiza 911. Ezinye zezona zinto ezibangela ukuphefumula kufutshane nobomi kwaye zifuna unyango lwangonyango. Ukuba awuqiniseki ukuba ufuna unonophelo olusakhulayo, phawula kwicala lokulumkisa.
Sibanzi
Asinayo inkcazo ecacileyo yokuphefumula, kodwa abaninzi abantu bachaza le mpawu njengengqondo yokuzimela yobunzima ngokuphefumla. Unokuba nevakalelo lokungakwazi ukufumana umoya owaneleyo okanye ukuba kuthatha umgudu ongaphezu kokuqhelekileyo ukuphefumla.
Abanye abantu baphinde bachaze ukuvalelwa kwesifuba. Ukuphefumula kufumaneke ngokugqithiseleyo kumcimbi weemitha okanye iiyure; okanye ngokungapheliyo iintsuku, iiveki, iinyanga okanye neminyaka.
Imibandela yezoNyango
Ukuba ufunda malunga nokuphefumula okufutshane, unokudideka ngawo onke amagama asetyenziswa ukuchaza le mpawu.
Ukukhawuleza kwehla kweminye yale miqathango kubandakanya:
- I-Dyspnea ibhekisela kwintlungu yokuphefumula
- I-Tachypnea ibhekisela ekuphefumlweni ngokukhawuleza kunye okanye ngaphandle kokuvakalelwa kokuphefumula
- I-Bradypnea ithetha isantya esicothayo sokuphefumla
Izinga eliqhelekileyo lokuphefumula kubantu abadala libhekwa njengeliphakathi kwe-12 no-18 ukuphefumula ngomzuzu xa kuphumla abantu abadala, kwaye ihluka ngoonyana kuxhomekeke kwiminyaka yobudala. Iqondo lokuphefumula liqwalaselwa ngabanye ukuba luphawu olubalulekileyo "oluliliweyo", kwaye ngamanye amaxesha lunokunika ingcaciso yakho ngogqirha ngaphezu kwegazi okanye uxinzelelo lwegazi malunga nobugulane bokugula. Kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba unokuvakalelwa kukuphefumula ngesantya esiphezulu sokuphefumula, okanye endaweni yoko, unokuba nesimo sokuphefumula esingavamile kodwa ungaboni naluphi na ukuphefumula ubunzima.
Izizathu
Kwimizuzu engama-85 yabantu, iimeko ezinxulumene nentliziyo nemiphunga zijongene nokuphefumula okufutshane. Nangona abaninzi bethu bacinga ngemiphunga yethu kuqala xa siziva siphumelele, izimo zeentliziyo kufuneka ziqwalaselwe ngenyameko. Enyanisweni, isifundo esakhangela abantu ababenomphefumlo omncinci njengesifo sabo kuphela sesifo senhliziyo sasinokuba nethuba elikhulu lokufa kunabo babenesihlungu esifubeni.
Ezinye zezizathu eziqhelekileyo ziquka:
- Isifuba
- COPD
- Ukuhlasela kwentliziyo
- Ukugqithiswa kwepulmonary , i-clot yegazi ephuka kwelinye i-blood clot (i-vein thrombosis) emilenzeni okanye kwi-pelvis kwaye ihamba emapapeni
- Izifo ezifana ne-bronchitis kunye ne-pneumonia
- Ukukhubazeka kwentliziyo
- I-Pneumothorax, ukuwa kwempompo
Ezinye izinto eziqhelekileyo ziquka:
- Ukutshaya
- I-anemia: Nge-anemia, ungaphinda uqaphele ukukhathala, isikhumba esiluhlaza kunye nentloko
- Izimo zeTyroid: zombini i-hyperthyroidism kunye ne-hypothyroidism inokubangela ukuphefumla
Izizathu eziqhelekileyo kodwa ezibalulekileyo zokuphefumula okufutshane kunokuquka:
- Ubunzima kunye nezifo ezibi, kuquka nomhlaza wamaphaphu: Ngaphambili, ukukhwehlela okuqhubekayo okanye ukukhwehlela igazi kwakuyimpawu eziqhelekileyo zomhlaza wemiphunga. Eyona nto ibangelwa ngumdlavuza wamaphaphu ngeli xesha, i-lung adenocarcinoma, ibangelwa kukuphefumula ukuphefumula njengesibonakaliso sokuqala. Gcina ukhumbule ukuba uninzi lwabantu abaxilongwa ngumdlavuza wamaphaphu namhlanje abangabhemi (abazange bashiye okanye bayeke ixesha elidlulileyo).
- Ukuxhalabisa kunye nokuhlaselwa kweentlanzi (funda ngokumalunga nokuphefumula kunye nentlungu yesifuba ehlobene nokuhlaselwa koyika)
- Izinto ezifakwe ngengozi kwimiphunga
- Iingxaki zevilva zeentliziyo
- Acidx
- Ukuguquka kwesifo (anaphylaxis)
- Izifo ze-neurological ezifana ne-multiple sclerosis
- Ezinye izifo zemiphunga ezifana ne-sarcoidosis kunye ne-bronchiectasis
- Ukungabikho kokuzilolonga rhoqo: Ngaphambi kokugxotha ukuphefumla okufutshane ngenxa yokungasebenzi, xela ugqirha wakho.
Ukuxilongwa
Kubalulekile ukwenza inqununu ukuba ubone ugqirha wakho ukuba uhlakulele ukuphefumla, nokuba ucinga ukuba kukho isizathu esicacileyo sokuchazela iimpawu zakho. Qhagamshelana nogqirha wakho okanye ufonele nge-911 ngokukhawuleza ukuba unentlungu yesifuba, uzive ulula okanye ukuba iimpawu zakho ziba nzima ngokukhawuleza.
Xa u tyelela ugqirha wakho, uya kuthatha umlando oqinileyo kwaye enze uvavanyo lomzimba. Ezinye zeembuzo angazibuza ziquka:
- Waqala nini ukuphefumula ukuphefumula kwaye waqalisa njani kuqala?
- Ngaba iimpawu zakho zenzeka ngokuphumla okanye kuphela ngomsebenzi? Ukuba uvakalelwa kukuphefumula nje ngomsebenzi, yimiphi imisebenzi ibonakala ibangela iimpawu zakho?
- Ngaba uzive ukhululekile xa uhleli okanye ulala?
- Ngaba unayo nayiphi na impawu, njengentlungu yesifuba, ukukhwehlela, ukuqhuma , ukukhulelwa komlenze, intlungu yomlenze, ukulahleka kwesisindo okanye ukungakhathali?
- Ingaba unembali yentsapho yakho nayiphi na ingxaki yenhliziyo okanye yemiphunga?
- Uke wakha? Ukuba kunjalo, ixesha elingakanani?
- Ngaba usandul 'uhamba nje ngeemoto okanye ngeendiza?
Vavanyo
Iimvavanyo ugqirha uya kuncoma ziya kuxhomekeka kwiimpawu zakho ezithile kunye nokufunyanwa komzimba, kodwa ngokuqhelekileyo zibandakanya:
- I-oximetry ye-Pulse, uvavanyo olwenziwe ngokubeka umlenze wakho ngomnwe okanye i-earlobe ukuqikelela inani le-oksijini egazini lakho
- I-electrocardiogram (EKG) ukujonga iimpawu zesifo senhliziyo okanye izithintelo zentliziyo engenangqondo
- I-x-ray yesifuba ukujonga izifo okanye ukukhula emiphakeni yakho (gcinani engqondweni ukuba i- chest x-rays iyakwazi ukukhumbula umdlavuza wamaphaphu ekuqaleni)
- Umsebenzi wegazi ukujonga i-anemia nezinye izizathu
- ImiSebenzi yokusebenza kwePulmonary ukujonga isifo se-asthma okanye imphysema kunye neminye imiphunga
Ezinye iimvavanyo zingabandakanya:
- I-CT scan yakho esifubeni
- Uvavanyo loxinzelelo
- I-echocardiogram. Le yintsholongwane yentliziyo yakho ukujonga iingxaki ngeentliziyo zevilves, indlela enamandla ngayo intliziyo kwaye ukuba unayo nayiphi na indawo eyonakaliswe entliziyweni yakho.
- I-bronchoscopy. I-bronchoscopy iyinambuzane eguquguqukayo ebeka emlonyeni wakho phantsi ukuya kwibronchi yakho ukukhangela izicubu okanye umzimba wangaphandle.
Funda ngakumbi malunga nogqirha wakho ukuba ahlole ukuphefumula okufutshane (dyspnea) .
Dyspnea kunye neCOPD
Kwalabo abaneCOPD, i-dyspnea iqhelekile kwaye iqondo le-dyspnea unako ukunika ulwazi oluninzi malunga nobugulane bakho okanye ukukhushulwa. Ukwenza oku, oogqirha bahlala basebenzisa oko kubizwa ngokuba yi- CBD ye-medical research dyspnea .
Unyango
Ukunyangwa kokuphefumula kwakho kuya kuxhomekeka kwisizathu, kodwa isinyathelo esibalulekileyo kunazo zonke kukuqinisekisa ukuba ufumana umoya owaneleyo ukubonelela izicubu zakho nge-oksijini abayidingayo. Kwimichiza engxamisekileyo, oku kubhekiselwa ku-ABC kunye no-A ukuma kwendlela yokuhamba, u-B umele ukuphefumla, kunye no-C obonisa ukuhamba.
Ixesha Eliyingozi?
Ngamanye amaxesha kunokuba nzima ukukwazi ukuba ukuphefumula kwakho kukufutshane kangakanani, kwaye yilapho kubalulekile ukuhamba ne-intuition yakho. Enyanisweni, ngamanye amaxesha ukuphefumula kakhulu kunokuba yinto enobungozi, njengokwenyuka kwe-hyperventilation okanye ukuhlaselwa kwe-panic, kodwa iimpawu ezincinci zinxulumene nezizathu ezinzulu kakhulu. Ukuba ubuza ukubiza 911 nonke, qhubela phambili wenze njalo. Ukuba awuyidingi uncedo, kulungile. Kodwa ukuba wenza, awufuni ukulinda ixesha elide.
Iimpawu ezibonisa ukuba ukuphefumula okufutshane kunokuthi kube nzima, nangona kunjalo, kubandakanya intlungu yesifuba, i-bluish tinge kwiminwe yakho kunye nemilomo (cyanosis,) ukukhukhuma okanye ukuvakalelwa kwintliziyo yakho emlonyeni nasemilonyeni, ukukwazi ukuthetha ngenxa yokuphefumula okunzima, ukwanda ngokukhawuleza kwiimpawu zakho. Ungazami ukuziqhubela kwiinkathalo eziphuthumayo okanye kwigumbi elingxamisekileyo, kwaye kungcono ukubiza 911 kunokuba umhlobo wakho akuqhube. Ekugqibeleni, ungakhohliswa ukuba iimpawu zakho zibonakala ziphucuka ngokukhawuleza. Ukunciphisa izinga lokuqonda okanye ukunyakaza komzimba wangaphandle ofakwe kwindlela yokuhamba ngomoya kungenza ukuba iimpawu zivele ziphucule ngokukhawuleza.
> Imithombo:
> Kasper, uDennis L .., u-Anthony S. Fauci, noStephen L .. Hauser. Iinqununu zeHarrison zeMithi yoPhakathi. ENew York: imfundo kaMc Graw Hill, 2015. Print.
> ISiko leSizwe lezeMpilo. Medline Plus. Unzima Ukuphefumula. Ukuhlaziywa 03/05/18. https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/003075.htm
> Nishino, T. Dyspnoea: iindlela ezisetyenziswa phantsi kunye neyeza. IBritish Journal of Anesthesia . 2011. 106 (4): 463-74.