Indlela Ukujonga Ngokukhubazeka Kubalathisa Ngonyango
I-Dyspnea ligama lonyango elisetyenziselwa ukuchaza ukuphefumula okufutshane, uphawu oluthatyathwa kuzo zonke iintlobo zesifo esingapheliyo se-pulmonary disease (COPD) kuquka i-emphysema kunye ne-bronchitis engapheliyo.
Njengoko i-COPD iqhubela phambili kwaye ingabuyiselwa, ubunzima be-dyspnea bunendima ebalulekileyo ekuqaliseni zombini isigaba sesifo kwaye unyango olufanelekileyo.
Iingxaki kwi-Diagnosis
Ukusuka kwimbono yeklinikhi, umngeni wokufumanisa i-dyspnea yiyo ephantsi kakhulu. Nangona uvavanyo lwe- spirometry ( olwenza amanyathelo emiphunga) kunye ne- pulse oximetry (eyenza amanyathelo e-oxygen egazini) angabonisa ukuba abantu ababini banesimo esifanayo sokuphefumula, umntu unokuziva ephelile emva komsebenzi ngelixa elinye lilungele.
Ekugqibeleni, imbono yomntu ye-dyspnea ibalulekile njengoko inceda umntu ukuba angagqithwanga okanye angagqithwanga kwaye ukuba unyango olumiselweyo, xa lufuneka, luya kuphucula umgangatho wobomi kunokuba uthathe kuwo.
Kule nto, iipulmologologists ziya kusebenzisa isixhobo esibizwa ngokuba yi-Medical Research Council (mMRC) i-dyspnea esikalini ukucacisa ukuba ukuphefumula komntu kubangelwa njani ukukhubazeka kwehlabathi.
Uvavanyo luyenziwa njani
Inkqubo yokulinganisa i-dyspnea ifana neemvavanyo ezisetyenziselwa ukulinganisa intlungu ebonakalayo kubantu abaneentlungu ezingapheliyo.
Esikhundleni sokuchaza i-dyspnea ngokwemisebenzi yamaphaphu, isilinganisi seMMRC siya kuhlawulela inzwa ye-dyspnea njengoko umntu eyiqonda.
Ubunzima be-dyspnea bubekwe kwisikali se-0 ukuya ku-4, ixabiso eliya kubakho kokubili ukuxilongwa kunye nesicwangciso sonyango.
| Bakala | Inkcazo yokuphefumula |
|---|---|
| 0 | "Ndiza kuphefumula ngokuzivocavoca." |
| 1 | "Ndiphefumula xa ndikhawuleza emgangathweni okanye ndihamba ngenyuka encinane." |
| 2 | "Kwinqanaba lomgangatho, ndihamba kancane kunabantu abaneminyaka efanayo ngenxa yokuphefumla okanye kufuneka ndiyeke ukuphefumla xa ndihamba ngeyantyaba." |
| 3 | "Ndiyeke ukuphefumla emva kokuhamba malunga neeyadi ezili-100 okanye emva kwemizuzu embalwa kumgangatho wendawo." |
| 4 | "Ndiphefumula kakhulu ukuba ndishiye indlu, okanye ndiphefumla xa ndigqoka." |
Indima ye-MMRC Dyspnea Scale
Isilinganisi se-mMRC dyspnea siye saqinisekisa ukuba sisigxina kwi-pulmonology njengoko ibonisa ukuba oogqirha nabaphandi bathetha ukuba:
- Ukuvavanya ukuphumelela kwonyango ngamnye
- Thelekisa ukuphumelela kwonyango phakathi kwabantu
- Ukuqaphela amaxesha okuphila kunye namaxabiso
Ukusuka kwimbono yeklinikhi, isilinganisi seMMRC sidibana ngokufanelekileyo kwiimilinganiselo ezinjengeemvavanyo zokusebenza kwamapulmonary kunye neemvavanyo zokuhamba . Ngaphezu koko, ixabiso liyakwazi ukuzinza ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, nto leyo ithetha ukuba azincinci ukuhlukahluka komntu onokuyicinga.
Ukusebenzisa Ikhowudi yeBODE yokuQela ukuSinda
Isilinganisi seMMRC dyspnea sisetyenzisiweyo sibalo i- index BODE , isixhobo esinceda ukuqikelela amaxesha okuphila abantu abahlala neCOPD.
I-Index yeBODE iqulethwe ngongoma yomzimba womntu ("B"), ukukhutshwa komoya ("O"), i-dyspnea ("D"), kunye nokunyamezela ("E"). Elinye lala macandelo lithengiswa kwisikali se-0 ukuya ku-1 okanye se-0 ukuya ku-3, amanani awo atyunjiweyo kwixabiso lokugqibela.
Ixabiso lokugqibela-ukusuka ku-low-0 ukuya phezulu ukuya kwe-10-linika oogqirha ipesenti yokuba umntu unokuphila njani iminyaka emine. Uhlu lokugqibela lweBODE luchazwe ngale ndlela:
- Amaphuzu angama-0 ukuya kuma-2: ama-80 ekhulwini amathuba okuphila
- Iingongoma ezi-3 ukuya kwezi-4: ama-67 ekhulwini amathuba okuphila
- Iingongoma ezi-5 ezi-6: ama-57 ekhulwini amava okusinda
- Amanqaku angama-7 ukuya kwe-10: ipesenti ezingama-18 zokuphila
Ixabiso le-BODE, nokuba likhulu okanye elincinci, alisetyenziswe kwiitye. Ukutshintsha kwindlela yokuphila kunye nokunyanzelisa ukunyanzelwa kwonyango kunokuphucula iziphumo zexesha elide, ngamaxesha amaninzi. Ezi ziquka izinto ezifana nokuyeka ukutshaya, ukuphucula ukutya kwakho, nokuzibandakanya kwisenzo esifanelekileyo ukuphucula amandla okuphefumula.
Ekugqibeleni, amanani ayimifanekiso nje yempilo yangoku, kungekhona ukubikezelwa kokufa kwakho.
Ekugqibeleni, ukhetho olwenzayo lunokudlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuqaliseni ukuba ngaba iingxaki zichasene nawe okanye ziyakuthanda.
> Imithombo:
> Chhabra, S., Gupta, A., kunye noKhuma, M. "Ukuvavanywa kwezikali ezintathu ze-dyspnea kwizifo ezingapheliyo zokuphefumula." Ama-Annal of Medicine Thoracic. 2009; 4 (3): 128-32. INGXELO: 10.4103 / 1817-1737.53351.
> Perez, T .; Burgel, P .; Paillasseur, J .; okqhubekayo. "IsiCwangciso seBhunga loPhando lwezeMpilo elitshintshileyo nge-Baseline Dyspnea Index ukuze kuhlolwe i-dyspnea kwizifo ezingapheliyo zokuphefumula." I-International Journal ye-Pulmonary Disease . 2015; 10: 1663-72. INGXELO: 10.2147 / COPD.S82408.