Ukongezelela ukuphazamisa intetho, uphawu lokutshatyalaliswa unokukhathazeka ukuba into ephosakeleyo ngomzimba wakho. Yiyiphi izwi elikhuphayo, zeziphi ezinye izizathu ezinokwenzeka kwaye nini kufanele ubone ugqirha wakho?
Sibanzi
Ukuthotywa kuchazwa njengesandi esingavamile xa uzama ukuthetha. Oku kungachazwa njenge-raspy, ukunyanzelana, ithambileyo, inqabileyo kwaye njengenguqu kwizwi lakho.
Umgca wezwi lakho unokutshintsha kwakhona, nokuba ngaphantsi okanye ngaphezulu. Unokuba nosizi okanye uvakalelo olunzima xa uzama ukuthetha ngokuqhelekileyo.
Izwi elidumayo lingabangelwa yiyiphi into ephazamisa ukunyakaza okuqhelekileyo kweentambo zezwi, ezifana nokuvuvukala nokuvuvukala, iipolisi ezifumana indlela yeendlela zokuvala ezifanelekileyo okanye izimo ezenza ukuba omnye okanye zombini iintambo zezwi zibe ekhubazekile. Ukwesaba kubhekiselwa kwigama elithi " dysphonia".
Izizathu
Ukuvakala kuyimpawu eqhelekileyo abantu abaninzi abaye bafumana ngamaxesha ngamaxesha xa belwa nobushushu okanye umkhuhlane. Kodwa ingaba ngumqondiso wento enzulu kakhulu.
Ukuthuka kungabangela ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo. Ngokuqhelekileyo kubangelwa ingxaki ngeefolda zezwi (inxalenye ye-larynx). Ingxaki inokuthi ihambe ngokuthe ngqo kwiingxaki kunye ne-larynx, okanye endaweni yoko, ngenxa yeengxaki ezinokuthi zinike iifayile ze-vocal kwaye ziqondise ukuba zenze oko ubulumko bethu bubaxelela ukuba benze.
Ezinye izizathu ezinokubangela ukuphazamisa ziquka:
- I-Laryngitis: I- Laryngitis iyona nto ibangela kakhulu ukuphazamiseka kwaye ingabangelwa izinto ezininzi, ukusuka kwiqanda eliqhelekileyo ukunyamezela ngokukhawuleza okanye ukude kumdlalo webhola, ukucula intliziyo yakho kwikhonsathi.
- I-coc cord cysts okanye i-polyps: I- coc cord i-cysts ngokuyinhloko i "lumps" kwiintambo zakho zentsimbi eziphazamisa ukuvalwa kwazo ngokuqhelekileyo ngexesha lokuthetha. Ngokuqhelekileyo kubangelwa ukusetyenziswa kakubi kwelizwi lakho. Ziyakubonakala zifana neefowusi zabantu bahlakulela ngezandla zabo ngokugqithisa, njengokuba emva kokukhwela ididi ekuwa. Abaculi, ootitshala kunye nabanye abaqeqeshiweyo abasebenzisa amazwi abo baninzi bafumana iipolisi.
- Ukunyuka kwamanzi: Iingqungquthela zonyaka kunye ne-year round-rounds zingabangela ukungabikho.
- I-Acid reflux / I-Heartburn: I- reflux ye-Gastroesophageal (GERD) , ukuhlaziywa kwe-asidi ukusuka kwisisu kuya kwiintambo zezwi, yinto ebangela ukuba abantu bavelele, kwaye abaninzi abantu abazi ukuba kubakho ngenxa yokuba ayisoloko ihambelana nokukhwaza. Ukunyuka ngenxa ye-acid reflux ngokuqhelekileyo kunzima ekuseni.
- Iimeko ze-thyroid: Iimeko ze- thyroid, ingakumbi ezingaphendulwanga i-hypothyroidism (i-lower thyroid), zingabangela ukuphazamiseka.
- Ukubhema: Ukutshatyalaliswa kokubhema komsi kungabangela ukuba nezwi eligqithiseleyo.
- Ukubonakaliswa kwezinye izinto ezivuthayo: Iimvumba, ukusuka ekungcoleni komoya kumakhemikhali esiwasebenzisayo kumakhaya ethu, kunokubangela ukungabikho.
- Ukusetyenziswa kwexesha elide le-corticosteroids: Inhaled corticosteroids , inqanaba le-inhalers elisetyenziselwa i-asthma okanye i-COPD elingapheliyo lingakhokelela ekuphumeni kwezwi. Kubonakala ukuba ezinye izilwanyana zikhupha i-corticosteroids zininzi kunokuba ezinye zibangele iingxaki.
- I-Cancer: I- Cancers ye- larynx (i-windpipe), i-pharynx (umqala), imiphunga , i- thyroid kunye ne- lymphomas inokuba yinto ephazamisayo njengempawu. Ngamanye amaxesha ukunyamezela kuyimpawu zokuqala. Umdlavuza weMetastatic (umhlaza osasazekayo) ukususela kwibele, kumaphaphu okanye kwezinye iindawo zomzimba ukuya kwi- mediastinum (indawo emkhatsini wemiphunga), inokuyicinezela kwiimbilini ezikhokelela kwibhokisi yezwi kwaye ibangele.
- Iimeko zeengxaki zegazi: Izibetho , isifo se-Parkinson kunye ne-sclerosis ezininzi zingabangela ukuba ziveze ngenxa yemiphumo yazo kwiimbambo ezihambisa iintambo.
- Inkathazo: Ukukhathazeka okubi kummandla womqala, umzekelo ngethuba lengozi yemoto lingonakalisa intambo yezwi. Isizathu esivame ukuxhaphazwa senzeke xa iintambo zezwi zonakaliswe ngetyhubhu ebeka umhobho ngexesha lotyando (intubation) okanye ngexesha le- bronchoscopy .
- I-dasphonia ye-Spasmodic: I-dysphonia ye- Spasmodic yinkinga yendawo yimizi ye-larynx, okubangelwa ukuphazamiseka.
- I-Laryngeal nerval paralysis: Iimbilini ezikhokelela ebhokisini yezwi zingonakaliswe nayiphi na imisebenzi yokuhlinzwa kwindawo leyo apho kuhamba khona iimbilini, ezifana nokuhlinzwa ngonyango, ukuhlinzwa kwentliziyo, okanye ukuhlinzwa kwentloko nentamo.
- Ukubutheka komzimba wangaphandle okanye izinto ezisisigxina.
Indlela yokuHlaza ibonisa
Ekuphumleni, iifowuni zomlomo zivulekile. Xa uthatha isigqibo sokuthetha (okanye ukucula, okanye ukumemeza) kukho izinto ezininzi kufuneka zisebenze kunye ukuze izandi ezizwakalayo ziveliswe.
Okokuqala, iifowuni zomlomo kufuneka zihlangane. Ingxaki kule nqanaba ingahle iqhutywe kwi-vocal folds okanye ngeentsholongwane ezinikezela iifowuni. Umzekelo unokuba ukuba umhlaza njengomhlaza wesifo somhlaza okanye isifo somhlaza wesisu se-metastatic sitshiza kwi-nerve ehamba kwiifowuni.
Xa iifowuni zomlomo zivaliwe, umoya kufuneka uhambe phambi kwabo kwaye ubangele ukuba amahlumela adle. Kwakhona, iingxaki zingenzeka ngenxa yokuzibophezela ngokwazo, okanye ngenxa yento egcina iifolda zingasalwanga (imizwa) okanye nayiphi na into evimbela ukugeleza okuqhelekileyo kwemoya edlulileyo.
Xa umoya ushukunywe ngaphaya kweengcingo zezwi, isandi kufuneka "siphume" umzimba, nayiphi na into ephazamisa ukuhamba komoya ephuma emqaleni, emlonyeni nasempumleni, inokuphazamisa isandi. Ukudluliswa kwesandi kwilizwe elingaphandle liphinde liphinde lihlangane kwiinkampu zesinus. Oku kunceda ukucacisa "umgangatho wamanzi" welizwi lakho ukuba unesimo esichaphazela indlela yakho yesono.
Isandi sinokuhluka ukusuka kumntu ukuya kumntu kuxhomekeka kwindlela ekubuyiselwa ngayo kwiindatshana ze-sinus kwaye ngokusekelwe kubukhulu befowuni.
Ukunyaniseka kungabandakanya zombini iifowuni okanye enye kuphela.
Nini ukubiza uDokotela wakho
Kubalulekile ukubona ugqirha wakho ukuba ufumana ilizwi elidlulayo elihlala ngaphaya kweentsuku ezimbalwa. Nangona iimbangela ezininzi zokuphazamiseka ziyabonakala kwaye zibangelwa zizizathu ezidlulileyo ezifana nebandayo, kungabakho uphawu oluthile. Ukuba uphawu lwakho lubambelela kubalulekile ukwenza ukuqesha kunye nodokotela wakho-nokuba ucinga ukuba kukho isizathu esicacileyo. Oogqirha bahluka kwizinto abazibiza ngokuba "ziphikelela." Ngokuqhelekileyo, ukuba iimpawu zakho zingaphaya kweeveki ezimbini, ziqhubeka zanda ngakumbi okanye ziyahambelana nezinye iimpawu, kufuneka wenze i-aphoyintimenti.
Ukuba uqaphela ukulahleka kwezwi ngokukhawuleza okanye uneminye emalunga nempawu, njengobuthathaka kwinxalenye yomzimba wakho, utshintsho olubonakalayo okanye ukukhanya okungapheliyo, biza ugqirha wakho okanye 911 ngokukhawuleza.
Imibuzo Igqirha Wakho Unokubuza
Xa u tyelela ugqirha wakho, uya kuqala uthabathe imbali. Ezinye zeembuzo angazibuza ziquka:
- Ziqala nini iimpawu zakho?
- Ngaba ukuqhubeka kwakho kuqhubeka okanye uyayibona kwaye uyayivala?
- Ngaba unayo nayiphi na impawu 'yentsholongwane ebandayo,' njengengcambu ehambayo, umkhuhlane, okanye ukukhwehlela, okanye unayo isifo ezifana ne-tonsillitis okanye i-mononucleosis?
- Ngaba uye wacima ilizwi lakho naluphi na uhlobo, umzekelo ngokubetha iqela lakho lebhola lebhola lebhola okanye ukucula ngokude okanye ngokukhawuleza?
- Ngaba wena, okanye uke waphawula?
- Ngaba usela utywala?
- Ngaba unobomi okanye i-eczema?
- Ziziphi ezinye iimeko zonyango onayo?
- Ngaba uke wabhekana nantoni na, ukukhwehlela okungaqondakali , ukukhwehlela okuqhubekayo , ukukhwehlela igazi , ubunzima bokugwinya, ubuthathaka kuyo nayiphi na inxalenye yomzimba wakho okanye uvakalelwa entanyeni entanyeni yakho?
- Ziziphi iimeko zonyango ezihamba kwintsapho yakho?
Uvavanya uDokotela wakho ngoMeyi
Ukuba iimpawu zakho ziyaqhubeka kwaye ugqirha wakho akafumani isizathu esicacileyo emva kokuvavanya iindlebe zakho, impumlo, nomqala, unokuyalela iimvavanyo ezingaphezulu. Ezinye zezi ziquka:
- Ukuhlolwa kwegazi: Ukujonga isifo.
- I-Laryngoscopy: I-laryngoscopy ngumvavanyo apho oogqirha basebenzisa ityhubhu eguquguqukayo kunye nokukhanya okuqhotyoshelweyo ukujonga phantsi kwempumlo zakho kwiintambo zakho. .
- I-CT scan (okanye ezinye izifundo zengcinga): Ukujonga entanyeni nasentolongeni. Ukuba unembali yomhlaza, ukucatshungulwa kwe-PET kunokucetyiswa.
- Ezinye iimvavanyo: Ngokuxhomekeka kwimeko ethile.
Unyango
Ukunyanga kuya kuxhomekeka kwisizathu esiyintloko. Ugqirha wakho unokuncoma imishanguzo yokunciphisa umqala wakho. Ngenxa yeyona nto ibangela ukuphumla umzimba wakho kunye nezwi ngeentsuku ezimbalwa kuya kukwanela.
Ukuba ilizwi lakho lincinci okanye ukuba uhlakulela ii-polyps ezivakalayo, ixesha elide lokuphumla kwezwi linokucetyiswa. Abanye benu baye beva ngomculi ozithandayo ofuna ukucima ityelelo lwakhe ukuba athathe ikhefu kwiinyanga ezimbalwa. Oku kungenjalo kwiimvumi ze-amateur ngokunjalo kunye nabathandi bezemidlalo abanomdla kakhulu.
Ukuba ubhema, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuyeka-bobabini ukuncedisa ukuphilisa ngoku kunye nokukhusela iingxaki kwixesha elizayo.
Kulabo baneengxaki zabo eziqhubekayo, unyango lwezwi lunokukunceda kakhulu ukunciphisa umonakalo xa ubuyisela ilizwi lakho kwizempilo.
> Imithombo:
> Barry, D., noMnu Vaezi. I-Laryngopharyngeal reflux: Imibuzo engaphezulu kuneempendulo. I-Cleveland Clinic Journal of Medicine . 2010. 77 (5): 327-34.
> Chang, J., Bevans, S., noS S. Schwartz. Ikliniki ye-Otolaryngology yaseNyakatho Melika: Iingqinisiso eziSebenzisiweyo: Ulawulo lweNdlebe / iDysphonia. Iikliniki ze-Otolaryngology zaseNyakatho Melika . 2012. 45 (5): 1109-26.
> Feierabend, R., noMnu Shahram. Ukwesaba kubantu abadala. WaseMerika ugqirha . 2009. 80 (4): 363-70.
> Ukuhlolwa kwee-Mau, T.. Iikliniki zezoNyango zaseMntla Melika . 2010. 94 (5): 945-60.
> Schwartz, S. et al. Isikhokelo sokwenziwa kwezonyango: ukuvutha (i-dysphonia). I-Otolaryngology - iNtloko kunye nokuChengwa kweNeck . 2009. 141 (3Suppl 2): S1-S31.
> Spantieas, N., Drosou, E., Bougea, A., kunye no-D. Assimakopoulos. I-Corticosteroids kunye neengxaki zezwi. Yintoni entsha? . Journal of Voice . 2016 Oktobha 11. (Epub phambi kokuprinta).