Ukuqonda ukuHlanganisa phakathi kweziNgxaki kunye neMpawu ezifanayo
Yintoni ulwalamano phakathi kokunqongophala kwengxaki yokuxhatshazwa kwengxaki (ADHD) nokulala? Abantwana abanokuphazamiseka kokulala kunye neengxaki-ukungaphumeleli kweengxaki ze-hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) banakho iimpawu ezifanayo, ezinjengokungahloniphi, ukunyamekela nokungazinzi. Ukusebenzisana phakathi kwezi ngxaki ezimbini ze-ADHD kunye nokuphazamiseka kokulala kubalulekile kwaye omnye unokungaqondwa kakuhle ngenye indlela ngenxa yokugqithiswa kweempawu.
Ukuchaza i-ADHD
I-ADH yi-disorder neurodevelopmental disorder echaphazela abantu abangama-5%, bobabini nabantwana. Abo bachaphazelekayo abanamava, ukungabikho komzimba, ukulibala, ukulawulwa kwempembelelo okanye ukungahambi kakuhle. Ngayinye yale miqathango ingabonakalisa ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo, kuquka:
- Inattention: iimpazamo ezingakhathaliyo, ezingabonakali ukuphulaphula, ingxaki yokugcina ingqwalasela kwimisebenzi, ingayilandelanga imiyalelo, ingxaki yokulungelelanisa, ukuphepha umgudu wengqondo ixesha elide, ukulahlekelwa izinto, ukuphazamiseka lula okanye ukulibala
- Ukunyaniseka-ukunyaniseka-ukunyaniseka: ukuhlutha, ukuxhamla, ukuvuka, ukujikeleza, inkathazo yokuzonwabisa ngexesha lokuphumla ngenxa yokuhlala "ekuhambeni" okanye ukuthetha ngokugqithiseleyo
- Ubunzima: ukuphazamisa iimpendulo, inkathazo elinde ukujika, ukuphazamisa okanye ukungena
Ulwalamano lwe-ADHD kwiintlungu zokulala
Kukho iingxaki ezininzi zokulala ezichaphazela abantwana. Uninzi lweengxaki ezifumaneka kubantu abadala zingafumaneka nakwizibantwana, kubandakanya ukulala , ukuxhamla , i- bruxism , i- periodic movement of movement syndrome , i- somniloquy , i- obnetive obstructive sleep apnea , i- somnambulism kunye neengxaki ze- circadian .
Abantwana abaninzi bafumana ukuphazamiseka kwebusuku kunabantu abadala, nangona kunjalo.
Abantwana abane-ADHD banokulindela ukuphazamisa ubuthongo. Kukho icandelo lokuziphatha lokulala, kwaye ubunzima bobuzali kaninzi buya kwandisa ngexesha lokulala kwabantwana abane-ADHD. Ukongezelela, kunokubakho iimpawu zengqondo, ezifana nokuxhalaba okanye ukudandatheka, ezingaphazamisa ubuthongo.
Izifundo ziye zabonisa iintlawulo eziphezulu zokulala phakathi kwabantwana abane-ADHD.
Iingxaki zokulala zingabhekisana ne-ADHD ngeendlela ezine:
- Iingxaki zokulala zihambelana ngqo ne-ADHD
- Iingxaki zokulala zihlobene nenye ingxaki eyenzekayo nge-ADHD, umzekelo, ukuxhalabisa
- Iingxaki zokulala zibangelwa yimithi evuselelayo
- Iingxaki zokulala azihambelani, ziqhelekileyo ngokubanzi
Ngaphezu kwama-25% kubo bonke abantwana, kungekhona nje abo bane-ADHD, baya kuba ne- sleep disorder ngexesha elithile. Ezi zineempembelelo ezinkulu kunye neempembelelo kwiintsapho ze-dynamics, impumelelo yesikolo kunye neminye imiba yempilo.
Imivuzo encinane
Abantwana abane-ADHD baya kukhononda ngokugqithiseleyo iimpawu ezihambelanayo ne- periodic movement foot movement (PLMS), okanye njengoko kuthiwa ngamanye amaxesha, i- restrail syndrome (RLS) . Ezi zimpawu ziquka ukuziva okungahambi kakuhle , ezifana nezimbungulu ezikhawulayo esikhumbeni, ezikhululekile ngokunyakaza. Le nto ibonakala ngakumbi ngokuhlwa okanye ebusuku ngelixa iphumle kwaye iquka inqwenela yokungahambi. Izifundo zibonise ukuba u-24% ukuya kuma-26% wabantu abane-ADHD bane-RLS, xa kuthelekiswa ne-5% kuphela yolawulo. Inani lokunyakaza okuphazamisayo ebusuku lidibaniswa kakhulu kunye neqondo lokuxhatshazwa kwemini emini.
Ukunqongophala, ukulala kwe-Apnea kunye nokungaziphathi kakuhle
Abantwana banokuba nobunzima bokuphefumula ebusuku, ukususela kwi- snoring epholileyo ukuya ku- apnea epheleleyo yokulala . Izizathu ziquka:
- itoni kunye ne-adenoids
- ezingenakonakala
- ukunyanya
- isifo se-neuromuscular
- utywala
Kwakhona, abantwana abanezi ngxaki zokulala abaqhelekanga ukulala. Kunoko, baya kuba ne- bedwetting , sweting, ukulibaziseka kokuphuhliswa kunye nobunzima bokufunda okanye ukuziphatha. I-Habitual snoring yenzeke kwi-1/3 yabantwana abane-ADHD xa kuthelekiswa ne-10% kuphela yolawulo.
Ubudlelwane phakathi kwenani lokuphefumula nokuphehla kwamanqanaba e-oksijini egazini kunye nokunganyaniseki akukasekwa; Nangona kunjalo, uphando oluthile lubonisa ukuba ama-81% ejwayele ukuhlenga abantwana abano-ADHD banokupheliswa i-ADHD yabo ukuba i-snoring yayiphathwa kakuhle.
Ngaba ukuphazamiseka kokulala kuninzi ngokuqhelekileyo kwi-ADHD?
Ikota enye kwisiqingatha sabazali babo abantwana abane-ADHD ingxelo yokulala ebantwaneni babo. Ekuphononongweni kweencwadi zonyango ezikhoyo, kukho iindlela ezibonisa ukuba ezinye iingxaki zokulala zingaqhelekanga kwi-ADHD. Xa kuthelekiswa abantwana abane-ADHD abangaphathwa ngonyango kubantwana ngaphandle kwe-ADHD, kukho iindlela ezimbalwa ezinokuthi zinyani:
- Uninzi lwezifundo alubonisi mmahluko ngexesha lokulala elipheleleyo okanye ixesha elithathayo ukulala
- Uninzi lwezifundo lubonisa ukunyuka kokungazinzi kunye nokunyakaza kweembombo ngexesha lokulala kwiintsana ezine-ADHD
- Ipesenti yexesha elichithwe ngokunyakaza kwamehlo okukhawuleza (REM) ukulala kungancipha kwiintwana ezine-ADHD
- Ukuvela kwee- parasomnias , iindlobongela kunye nokulala kwamanzi kunganyuswa kwiintsana ezine-ADHD
Inxaxheba yezikhuthazo
Ukusetyenziswa kwezidakamizwa zonyango, ezifana neRitalin (methylphenidate), ukunyanga i-ADHD inokongeza enye inqanaba leyinkimbinkimbi kumbandela. Izikhuthazo zisetyenziselwa ukuphatha i-ADHD, kunye ne- narcolepsy nesifo esingapheliyo . Abazali bezingane baphathwa ngokukhuthaza abantu ukuba bafumane ubunzima obuphezulu beengxaki zokulala (29% ngokubhekiselele ku-10%), kwaye oku kudla ukulala . Le miphumo ibonakala ngokugqithiseleyo xa amayeza asondele kakhulu ukulala. Indlela amayeza anokuchaphazela ngayo ezinye iinkalo zokulala aziqondwa kakuhle.
Ukubaluleka kokonyango
I-ADHD engabonakaliyo ibangela ukungaphumeleli okukhulu kwiindawo ezizimeleyo, ezisebenzayo nezengqiqo, kubandakanywa amanqaku e-intelligence quotient (IQ) kunye namazinga okuvavanya ukuphumelela angaphantsi kolawulo. Kubalulekile ukuba abantwana abafumana ukungalindelekanga, ukunyanzeliswa kunye nokunyanzeliswa kuhlolwe i-ADHD kwaye, ngokufanelekileyo, ukuphazamiseka kokulala.
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