Xa ulwaphulo olulula lunokuba yingxaki enkulu
Abanye abantu basenokukhumbula xa umculi kunye nomlingisi uCarol Burnett ehlinzwa ngokukhawuleza ngowe-1983 ukulungisa isicatshulwa ebusweni esicinga ingxaki: i-chin ebonakalayo ebonakalayo.
Imeko, eyaziwa ngokuba yi-mandibular retrognathia, yinto eqhelekileyo enokuchaphazela ngaphezu kokuzimela komntu. Kwezinye iimeko, kunokukhokelela ekutshatsheni umlenze, ukutya iintlungu, iingxaki ze-orthodontic, kunye nezifo zokulala.
Retrognathia Feature
I-Retrognathia yilapho umhlathi osezantsi (umiselweyo) uhlehliswa ukusuka emlonyeni omkhulu (maxilla). Akuthethi ukuba i-mandible incinci, nje kuphela ebonakala iphela xa ubuso bujongwa kwiprofayili.
Sisoloko sihlala kumntu onomthamo we-retrognathia njengokuba "unqabile." Isingeniso asiqwalaselwa ngandlela-thile indlela engavamile okanye engathandekiyo kwaye ngokuqhelekileyo iyahlukana nabo bonke ubuso.
Nangona kunjalo, xa umhlathi ungeyinto encinci kwaye ingekho kumlinganiselo, loo mntu kuthiwa une-micrognathia, imeko enokuba nemiphumo emibi kakhulu.
Izizathu zeRetrognathia
Isakhiwo se-anatomiki sobuso sisekelwe, ubuncinane kwinqanaba, kwi-genetics yomntu. Ngoko, abantu abane-retrognathia baya kufumana isakhiwo somhlathi esifana nelinye lamalungu entsapho. (UBurnett ngokwakhe wayebhekiselele kwi-overbite yakhe "njengomlomo weentsapho zeBurnett.")
Kukho iimeko ezingabonakali zemizimba ezibangelwa yimiphunga enzima yomhlathi, kuquka i-Pierre-Robin syndrome, ingxaki ebonakaliswe yinto engaphefumlelwanga kunye neengxaki zokuphefumla.
Intlungu yomzimba ekuphuhlisweni kwasekuqaleni komntwana ingakhokelela ekuhambeni komhlathi, ngokuphindaphindiweyo kubangele ukuba i-appearance, i-"back back".
Iingxaki ezinxulumene neRetrognathia
I-Retrognathia inokubangela iingxaki ukususela ekuqaleni kokuzalwa, kunye neentsana ezingenakukwazi ngokwaneleyo ukukhangela ngokukhawuleza kwi-ingono xa usondla.
Njengoko umntu ekhula, ukuhlanjululwa kwamazinyo kunokuchaphazela amandla okuluma okanye ukuhlafuna ukutya, ukuba umhlathi omncinane uncinci, amazinyo angaphinda aqhutywe okanye angagqithwanga. Ezi zixhobo zinokufaka isandla kwisifo esibizwa ngokuba yi- temporomandibular disorder disorder (TMJ) , imeko ehlala ibuhlungu ebonakaliswa yimisipha kunye nexinzelelo emlonyeni.
I-Retrognathia inokubangela ukuphazamiseka ukuphefumla, ngakumbi ngexesha lokulala okanye xa ulele emva. Ukunwa kunye nokulala kwe-apnea akuyona inkathazo engavamile kubantu abane-retrognathia, ebangelwa ukuba indawo yokuhlala ehlathini ivumela ukuba ulwimi lubuyele e-airway. Oku kunokukhokelela kwiindawo eziqhelekileyo zokuphefumula, ukugubha, kunye nokukhahlela.
Ukwelapha iRetrognathia
Ngokuxhomekeka kubukhulu be retrognathia, unyango lunakho okanye aluvumelekanga.
Ukuba zichongiwe ebuntwaneni bokuqala, unyango lwe-orthodontic oluya kusebenza ekunciphiseni ukubonakala kwimihlathi. Enye indlela ibandakanya ukusetyenziswa kwentloko ekhethekileyo yokunciphisa ukukhula kwe-maxilla ukwenzela ukuba umhlathi ophezulu nangaphantsi ungabelana ngokubhetele.
Ekupheleni komntwana okanye esemdala, xa ukukhula kugqityiwe, inkqubo yokuhlinzwa ebizwa ngokuba yi- maxillomandibular progress (MMA) ingasetyenziselwa ukuhambisa imida yomibini.
Ubuncedo beli qhinga kukuba ama-braces ayadingeki ukulungisa amazinyo. (Ngokwahlukileyo, ukuhlinzwa kukaBurnett kuqashwe i- osteotomy apho umhlathi uyanqandwa khona kwaye uhambele phambili kwiyunithi enye.)
(Okuphambili kwindlela yokuhlinzwa ngendleko: naphi na kwi $ 50,000 ukuya kwii-100,000 zamawaka kwaye ngamanye amaxesha phezulu.)
Ukuba i-retrognathia ibangela i-apnea yokulala, unyango oluqhelekileyo olunjengeenkqubela eziqhubekayo zomoya (CPAP) kunye nomnxeba womlomo uya kunceda.
I-TMJ, ngokuphambene, kudla kunzima ukuyiphatha kwaye ingabandakanya izidakamizwa ezichasayo, iipakethi ze-ice, ukuxilisa, iindlela zokuphucula kunye nokuphepha ukugaya okanye ukuhlafuna.
Izixhobo zomlomo (ezaziwa ngokuba njengeengqungquthela zamazinyo okanye amacwecwe e-bite) nazo ziyafumaneka ekuphatheni amacala amaninzi.
Ukuba ukhe uzive uxhalabele ngempembelelo yempilo yesikhokelo sakho somhlathi, thetha nodokotela okanye wamazinyo onokukwazi ukunikezela ngcebiso kwiindlela zokunyanga zonyango kunye nokungaphelelanga.
> Imithombo:
> Al-Hashmi, A. kunye no-Al-Saadi, uN. "Ukulungiswa kokutsala kwe-mandibular retrognathia njengonyango lweengxaki ze-temporomandibular ezidibeneyo." Ukunyuka kwe-Oral Maxillo Surgery. 2015; 44 (iSiza 1): e25.
> Joshi, N .; Hamdan, A .; kunye neFakhouri, W. "Indawo ye-Skeletal Malocclusion: I-Disorder Disorder ene-Life Long-Tragedy." J Clin Med Res . 2014; 6 (6): 399-408.