Ukuvuthwa luphawu oluqhelekileyo kodwa olwesabisayo oluvame ukukhuthaza abantu ukuba babone ugqirha wabo. Ichazwa njengomsindo ophezulu wokubethela owenzeka ngokuphefumula.
Sibanzi
Ukutshaya kungenzeka kokubili ngokuphefumla (ukuphefumula okuphefumulayo) kunye nokuphefumula (ukuphefumula ngokuphefumula), nangona kudla ngokuphefumula. Ngelixa abantu abaninzi-kunye noogqirha bacinga nokuphefumula, kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba "yonke into ehambayo ayiyi-asthma."
Ukongezelela kwezinye iimbangela zokuvutha, ngamanye amaxesha abantu banemeko engaphezu kweyodwa ekhokelela ekuqhumeni. Leyo ndlela ende yokuthetha ukuba nabani na ophethe i-wheezing kufuneka babe nokuphonononga ngokucophelela kweempawu zabo.
Ukuhlaziya
Ngaphambi kokuba uthethe nge-wheezing, kubalulekile ukwazi ukuba izandi ozivayo empomfini zivuthwa ngokwenene. Ngoba? Kungenxa yokuba kukho ezinye izandi ezingahle ziphosakele ngokutshiza kwaye ukuhlola okuchanekileyo kunokubaluleka ekufumaneni izizathu.
Oogqirha basebenzisa i-term auscultation ukuchaza inkqubo yokuphulaphula imiphunga yokuba khona okanye ukungabikho kwezandi "eziqhelekileyo" kunye neyiphi na izandi ezingaqhelekanga.
Ukugubha noMgca
Stridor yimiqondiso edla ngokuphambuka ngokutsha. Oku kubalulekile kuba kukho izimbalwa ezimbalwa ze-stridor ezizongxamisekileyo zonyango.
Stridor inesandi esivame ukuba sisigxina-inqaku elinye kuphela kunamaphepha amanqaku ahlukeneyo omculo.
Ihlala iphakamileyo kwizandi ngaphezu kwezandi ngenxa yokuqhuma kwaye iyenzeka kakhulu ngexesha lokuphefumlelwa. I-Stridor idla ngokukrakra ngaphezu kwentamo yangaphakathi, kanti ukuvuthwa kungakhula kakhulu kwiindawo ezahlukileyo kuxhomekeke kwiindawo ezihamba phambili ezichaphazelekayo.
Ngokungafani nesiteji, ukuvuthwa ngokuqhelekileyo kuyisandi esivakalayo esicacisayo esiphezulu ngexesha lokuphela.
Inomsindo womculo oqhubekayo kubandakanya inqaku elilodwa.
Izizathu
Izizathu eziqhelekileyo zokuvuthisa i-asthma kunye neCOPD. Isandi sokuvuthwa sidalwa ngokunciphisa i-airways. Oku kunokubangelwa ukuvuvukala okanye ukucima naphi na umqala emngqeni ukuya kweyona ndlela encinci yomoya. Ezinye izizathu ezikhoyo ziquka:
- I-asthma -Iyona nto ibangele ukuqhuma.
- I-Anaphylaxis -Lo luhlobo oluthile lokusasazeka (ngokuphindaphindiweyo ngenxa yokunyuka kweenyosi okanye ukutya amaqanda okanye i-shellfish) ebangela ukuvuvukala emqaleni kwaye kuyingozi yonyango.
- I-brronchitis -Izi zinokubili (ezinokuphela kweentsuku ezimbalwa) okanye ezingapheliyo (iiveki ezihlala kwiinyanga ukuya kwiminyaka).
- I-Bronchiolitis -Lo lusulelo olubandakanya i-airways encinci (i- bronchioles ) kwaye ixhaphake kakhulu kubantwana.
- Ukuxhamla (ukufuna) umzimba wangaphandle -Ukubamba ngamanye amaxesha kunokubangela ukuba i-wheezing ukuba into ekhunjulwayo ingavimbi ngokupheleleyo. Ngokuqhelekileyo abantu bakhumbula ukukhahlela, njengokwakheka kwintonga okanye kwimeko yabantwana, kwezinye izinto. Kodwa ngamanye amaxesha, ngokukodwa xa into engathinteli ngokupheleleyo i-airways (njengengqayi ye-karoti), abantu abanakho ukukhumbula isiqwenga sokukhahlela.
- Pneumonia
- I-COPD- Isifo esivimbayo sokuphazamiseka kwesifo se-pulmonary disease, njenge-emphysema, sinokubangela i-wheezing.
- I-Bronchiectasis -Ukunyuka kwama-airways rhoqo ngenxa yokusulela abantwana okanye i- cystic fibrosis maxa wambi kunzima ukuxilonga kwaye mhlawumbi okokuqala kunokuthi kubangelwa enye imbangela yokuvutha.
- I-Epiglottitis -Izengxamiseko zezokwelapha ezibonakaliswe yimpawu ezinjengomkhuhlane, ukuhlahlela, nokuhlala kwindawo ebonakalayo ekuzameni ukuphefumula, i-epiglottitis ibangelwa kukusuleleka kwe-epiglottis, isiqwengqwana esincinci esilunxweme ekupheleni kolwimi.
- Ukusuleleka kwiintsholongwane ezifana neentsholongwane zokuphefumula ( RSV ) -Izifo ezininzi zentsholongwane zingenza i-wheezing, ingakumbi kubantwana.
- Umhlaza womlenze - Uphawu lokuqala loomdlavuza wamaphaphu lungase lube lukhuni, kubangela kubalulekile ukuchonga imbangela yokuqhuma nangona kubangelwa isizathu.
- Ukumelwa yintliziyo
- Ukugqithiswa kwepulmonary -Iimpahla ezinqamlekileyo emilenzeni zingaphula kwaye zihambele emiphakeni (i-pulmonary emboli).
- I-Acid reflux -Ingathi ibonakala ingacacile, kodwa i-reflux ye-asidi iyona nto ibangela isondo.
- Ukunyuka kwengqondo kwe-pneumonitis-Ukunyuka okwexeshana kwemiphunga ebangelwa yizinto ezinjenge-moldy hay kunye ne-droppings zentaka zinokuthi zijikeleze njengempawu zokuqala.
- Imithi (ngakumbi i-aspirin)
- Intambo yokusebenza ingasebenzi -Yaqeshwe enye okanye zombini yamacangco evala ngokungazenzisiyo ngexesha lokuphefumula. Oku kwaziwa nangokuthi "intambo yesifo somzimba."
Ukuxilongwa
Ukuba uye wajikeleza, kubalulekile ukubona ugqirha-nangona uvakalelwa ukuba uyayazi imbangela okanye ufumene ulwelo oludlulileyo kwixesha elidlulileyo. Nangona ufunyanwe ukuba une-asthma, qiniseka ukuba uqhagamshelane nogqirha wakho naluphi utshintsho kwimpawu zakho.
Biza ugqirha wakho (okanye 911) ngokukhawuleza ukuba ufumana iintlungu zesifuba, ubuhlungu obukhulu, ufumanisa nzima ukubamba umoya wakho, okanye uqaphele umgca webluish emlonyeni wakho nasesikhumba. Ukuvuvukala kobuso bakho, intamo, kunye nemilomo kunokuba ngumqondiso wokusongela ubomi.
Vavanyo
Into yokuqala ogqirha uya kuyenza (emva kokuqinisekisa ukuba ukhululekile kwaye uzinzile) uthatha imbali yonyango yononophelo kwaye wenze uvavanyo lomzimba. Eminye yemibuzo abanokukubuza yona ibandakanya:
- Ziqala nini iimpawu zakho?
- Ngaba uye wafumana iimpawu ezinje?
- Ingaba ukuqhuma kwakho kukubi kakhulu ebusuku okanye ngemini?
- Ngaba uye wakhankanywa yiyosi okanye udlile ukutya okungabangela ukunyameka kweengxaki, ezifana ne-shellfish okanye i-nut?
- Ingaba unayo nayiphi na enye impawu, efana nokukhwehlela, ukuphefumula okufutshane , intlungu yesifuba , imihlathi , ukuvuvukala ubuso okanye intamo, okanye ukukhwehlela igazi ?
- Ingaba unembali yomntu okanye yentsapho ye-asthma, i-eczema, izifo zamaphaphu, okanye umhlaza wamaphaphu?
- Ngaba wena, okanye uke waphawula?
- Ngaba ushiyile xa udla?
U vavanya
Ukuvavanya ukuvavanya isondo sakho kunye nokucacisa isizathu siya kuhluka ngokuxhomekeke kwimbali yakho. Kwiimeko eziphuthumayo, umntu ophuthumayo kunye neengcali ziqala nge "ABD." Oku kumela umoya womoya, ukuphefumula, ke ukusabalalisa. Kubalulekile ukuvavanya oku ngaphambi kokuba uqhubeke uzama ukufumanisa oko kubangela ukuba i-wheezing. U vavanyo lu ngaquka:
- I-Oximetry ukujonga izinga le-oxygen egazini lakho
- I-xst ray
- I-Spirometry
- Iimvavanyo zegazi, njenge-white white cell count to look for signs of infection
- ImiSebenzi yovavanyo
- I-CT scan yakho esifubeni
- I-bronchoscopy ukuba ugqirha wakho ukhuselekile ukuba unokuba ufuna (ukuphefumla) into yangaphandle okanye ukuba unokuba ne-tumor okanye kufuphi nawe
- I-Laryngoscopy ukujonga i- larynx yakho kunye neentambo zezwi
- Ukuvavanyelwa kobuchopho xa ugqirha wakho evakalelwa kukuba unobomi obubangela ukuba uhambo lwenu luhambe
Unyango
Ngokuxhomekeke kwiimpawu zakho ezinzulu, ugqirha wakho uya kuqala ukwenza okuyimfuneko ukukwenza ukhululeke kwaye ulawule iimpawu zakho. Ekubeni kunezinto ezininzi ezinokubangela ukuhamba, unyango olungaphezulu luya kuxhomekeka kwisizathu sokuqhuma kwakho.
Amanyathelo okuqala ukuqinisekisa ukuba ufumana i-oksijini eyanele kwimiphunga yakho kwaye umoya we-oxygen ophefumulayo uyenza kuzo zonke iiseli zomzimba wakho. Ukusetyenziswa kwe-oksijeni kusetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo. Ukuba i-reaction response is a bangela, i-epinephrine injectable idlalwa rhoqo.
Ezinye iindlela zonyango ziya kuxhomekeka kwizizathu ezibangela ukuhamba. Ngokomzekelo, unyango lwe-asthma luya kusetyenziswa ukunciphisa ukunciphisa kwe-airways ngenxa yesifo se-asthma, kanti inkqubo enjenge-bronchoscopy inokucetyiswa ukuba kucinga ukuba umzimba wasemzini kwi-airways ungabangela iimpawu zakho.
Imithombo:
Kasper, uDennis L., et al. Iinqununu zeHarrison zeMithi yoPhakathi. ENew York: iMacGraw Hill Education, 2015. Print.
Irwin, R. Ukuhlolwa kwezigulana ezingagulwanga ngaphandle kwe-asthma kubantu abadala. UpToDate . 8/13/15.
Oo, S., noP. Le Souef. Umntwana ovuthayo: i-algorithm. Ugqirha Wentsapho Yase-Australia . 2015. 44 (6): 360-4.
Sarkar, M., Madabhavi, I., iNiranjan, N., noMnu Dogra. Ukunyuka kwenkqubo yokuphefumula. Ama-Annal of Medicine Thoracic . 2015. 10 (3): 158-68.