Ukunyuka kwezilwanyana akusisona sizathu esinokubangela
I-urticaria, okanye imingxube, luhlobo oluqhelekileyo lokuqhaqhabala olubonakalayo ngokubunjwa kwebhola, obomvu, ukugqithisa kwesikhumba. Isizathu kunye nobunzima bemihlathi ingahluka ukusuka kumntu omnye ukuya kwesinye. Nangona i-urticaria ixhaphake ngokuqhelekileyo ekudleni, kwiyeza kunye nezinye izinto ezivuthayo, kunokunokuba nezizathu ezinobungozi ezifana noxinzelelo, ukusuleleka, isifo sokuzimela, kunye nokutyhelwa kokutya.
Ezinye iimeko zi-idiopathic, oku kuthetha ukuba isizathu asiyazi.
I-Urticaria inokubetha nabani na kungakhathaliseki ubudala, isini kunye nohlanga. Kuqikelelwa ukuba phakathi kwama-15 ekhulwini kunye nama-23 ekhulwini abantu abadala baya kuba nama-urticaria ubuncinane kwixesha labo lobomi.
Izizathu zokugula
I-allergies yimbangela ebalulekileyo ye- urticaria . Kubangelwa xa i-immune system isabela ngokungavumelekanga kwinto engenanto engenakonakalisa kwaye ikhukhula umzimba ngokukrakra okubizwa ngokuba yi- histamine .
Nangona ukukhutshwa kwe-histamine kunokusenza i -rhinitis yesifo kunye neminye impawu yokuphefumula okanye isisu, kukho amanye amaxesha apho kuya kubangela ukuba i-capillaries ikhule ngokugqithiseleyo kwaye ikhulule i- interstitial fluid kwiifom ejikelezileyo. Xa oko kwenzeka, ukuvuvukala kwendawo yedermisi kuya kuholele ekugqibeleni okucacileyo esiyifumayo njengengummango.
Kukho izidumbu ezimbini ezihlala zixhatshazwa ne-urticaria:
- Ukutya kokutya , ininzi i-shellfish, i-nut, amaqanda, ingqolowa, amajikijolo amnandi, i-chocolate kunye ne-soy
- Izidakamizwa ezidakamizwa , kuquka nezo zibangelwa yi-antibiotics ethile (njenge-cefaclor), i-anticonvulsants, i-antifungals (njenge-clotrimazole), i-aspirin, i-codeine, i-dextroamphetamine (isetyenziselwa ukuphatha i-ADHD), ibuprofen, i-morphine, i-sulphonamides, iigonc
Ngokuqhelekanga, imifuno ingabangelwa zizifo eziqhelekileyo njenge-pollen, i-pet dander, i-insects, i-latex, okanye i-nickel.
Uninzi lwama-hives-inflution-hives will be solved by themselves when the allergies trigger (allergen) isuswe.
Isiqhelo esingaqhelekanga , isizathu esibangelwa ukutya se-hives sisifo sokutyhelwa kwe-scombroid apho i-histamines iveliswa njengentlanzi iqala ukuphazamisa. Ingxube ephezulu ye-histamine kwinyama ekhulayo idala ukutya "pseudoallergy" ngeempawu ezinjenge-diarrhea, i-cramps, isiyezi, kunye nemifuno ephakamileyo.
Izizathu Zomzimba
I-urticaria yezinto ezibonakalayo yi-subset ye-hives apho isikhumba sekhanda sichaswa yinto ethile yendalo okanye yomzimba njengobanda, ukushisa, uxinzelelo, ukunyakaza, ukuxubana kunye nelanga.
Nangona i-cause ye-urticaria engaziwayo, ayakholelwa ukuba iyimpendulo yokuzimela ngokuzenzekelayo apho umzimba uthumela amaprotheni avikelekileyo, abizwa ngokuba yi- autoantibodies , ukuhlasela ezinye izicubu eziqhelekileyo.
Nangona le nto inokubangela impendulo efanayo yokuvuvukala ebonwayo ngemisundu ephilileyo, ukubonakala kwemifuno kudla ngokuhlukileyo. Kwezinye iimeko, ziza kuphuhliswa kuphela kwiindawo zesikhumba ezichazwe kwimimiselo engqongileyo. Kwabanye, ukuqhuma okusabalalisa kungakhokelela ekuhlaleni ngokukhawuleza kwixinzelelo lwegazi kunye neempawu ezinjengeentloko, ukuxubha, ukumbona okubonakalayo kunye nokuphelelwa amandla.
Ngenxa yokuba i-urticaria yomzimba ikholelwa ukuba inxulumene nokuzimela (kunokuba iqhutywe yintambo yangaphandle), le meko ihlala ihlala ingapheli kwaye ingaba yiphi na enye ukuya kwiminyaka emininzi.
Phakathi kwezinye izinto eziqhelekileyo (kunye nezona ziqhelekileyo) ze-urticaria:
- I-uragaria ye-Aquagenic yindlela engavumelekanga yomhlathi obangelwa udibaniso lwamanzi.
- I-urticaria yeCold iyindlela engaqhelekanga ebangelwa kukubanda kubanda.
- I-urticaria ye-Cholinergic , eyaziwa nangokuthi ukushisa kwelanga, ibangelwa ukujuluka okugqithisileyo kunye namaqondo okushisa ekhuphukileyo.
- I-Dermographism urticaria ibangelwa ukutshatyalaliswa okanye ukubethelwa kwesikhumba.
- Uxinzelelo lwe-urticaria lubangelwa xa uxinzelelo olugqithisileyo lwenziwa elukhumbeni (njengokuba kuthwala isikhwama esinzima sling ehlombe lakho).
- I-urticaria ye-solar ibangelwa ukukhanya kwe-UV ultraviolet (UV).
- I-urticaria ebonakalayo ibangelwa nayiphi na indlela yokududuza (kuquka ukutshisa umtshini okanye ukubetha)
Ukuxinezeleka
Ukongezelela kwisistim somzimba, uxinzelelo luxhomekeke ngokubanzi nophuhliso okanye ukunyuka kwama-hives angapheliyo. Kwakhona, isizathu esicacileyo asiyazi, kodwa kukholelwa ukuba ukukhululwa kwama-hormone oxinzelelo njengokwenza i-cortisol inokuba nomphumo wokugodla apho i-root cause of hive isebenze.
Ngaloo ndlela, uxinzelelo lungahle lube "lucala" imifuno kodwa kunoko ukutshintsha okanye ukwandisa impendulo yokuzimela. Omnye umzekelo ngu-cholinergic urticaria apho ukuphefumula okunxulumene nengcinezelo kunokubangela ukuphuhliswa kokushisa kweshushu.
Ukuzivocavoca
I-urticaria eyenziwa ngokuzivocavoca yindlela ehlukile engahambelani ne-cholinergic urticaria. Ngokuqhelekileyo kwenzeka xa umntu eqhuba ngaphakathi kwemizuzu engama-30 ekudleni ukutya okubangela, njengengqolowa okanye i-shellfish. Ukuzivocavoca ngokwabo akuyi kubangela imifuno.
Njengokuba u-urticaria eyenze uxinzelelo, ukukhululwa kwe-cortisol nama-hormone ngexesha lokuzivocavoca kubonakala kukuqinisa ukutya okungezantsi kwinqanaba lokutya, ukwandisa uxinzelelo lwe-histamine kunye nokuphendula okuvuthayo. Kwezinye iimeko, oku kungakhokelela ekusebenzeni ngokusongela ubomi-kubangelwa i-anaphylaxis.
Izifo kunye nezifo
Kukho izifo kunye nezifo ezithile apho urticaria iqhelekileyo.
Oku kuyinyani ngokukhethekileyo kubantwana abancinci abangama-80 ekhulwini emingxube abangelwa yi-HIV. Ukusetyenziswa kwempendulo ye-immune kungabangela into elula njengobanda. Imifuno ithambekele ekuphuhlisweni kwiveki yentsholongwane kwaye ihlala isombululo ngeveki okanye ezimbini ngaphandle kwonyango.
Kukho ezinye izifo eziqhelekileyo ezihambelana nemihlathi, ezininzi zazo ezizimeleyo kwaye ezinye zazo zihambelana nosulelo okanye ukugula. Ziquka:
- Isifo esingasigxina sesifo (CKD)
- I-dermatitis herpetiformis , ingxaki yokuzimela yesikhumba ehambelana nesifo se-celiac
- I-Hashimoto's thyroiditis , isifo esizimele ngokuhambisana nomsebenzi ophantsi we-thyroid
- I-Helicobacter pylori , intsholongwane evamile yebhaktheriya yesisu
- I-Hepatitis B , intsholongwane yentsholongwane yesibindi
- I-Hepatitis C , intsholongwane engapheliyo yintsholongwane yesibindi
- I-Lupus , i-systemic (umzimba wonke) i-dismune disorder
- I-Lymphoma , uhlobo lomhlaza wegazi
- Izifo zesisu zomzimba, ezifana neGiardia lamblia kunye neAnisakis simplex
- I-Polycythemia vera , umdlavuza okhula ngokukhawuleza we-bone lomnatha
- I-rheumatoid arthritis , uhlobo oluthile lwe-arthritis
- I-Sjogren syndrome , isifo esizimeleyo esichaphazela izilwanyana ezivelisa umswakama
- Uhlobo lwe-1 lweswekile
- I-Vasculitis , ukuvuvukala kwemithambo yegazi enezizathu ezizimeleyo kunye nezizathu ezizimele
Iimbuzi ezibangelwa ezi ntlobo zezifo zihlala zingapheliyo okanye zihlala zihlala zide zide zitshatyalaliswa.
I-hive efanelekileyo, ngelo xesha, ngamanye amaxesha kuvela ngeentsholongwane ezincinci zentsholongwane, iintsholongwane, okanye izifo ezifana ne coxsackievirus , strep throat , kunye neenyawo zomdlali .
> Imithombo:
> Griffiths, C; Barker, J; Bleiker, T. et al. I-Rook's Bookbook yeDermatology (9th ed). West Sussex, UK: John Wiley & Son; 2016.
> Lee, S; Ha, E; Ngaba, H. et al. Ubuninzi kunye neengozi ze-Urticaria Ngokugxila kwi-urticaria engapheliyo kubantwana. I-allergies Asthma Immunol Res . 2017; 9 (3): 212-19. INGXELO: 10.4168 / aair.2017.9.3.212.
> Schaefer, P. I-Urticaria eqhelekileyo kunye ne-Chronicle: UkuVavanywa nokuPhathwa. I-Phys Physician. 2017; 95 (11): 717-724.