Ininzi yabantu abane-arthritis ye-rheumatoid ithuthukisa iimpawu zenyawo
Buza nabani na onayo: I- rheumatoid arthritis (RA) yinkxalabo ephazamisayo yokufumana, njengoko isifo esizimele esingabangela intlungu ebuhlungu kunye nokukhubazeka okuhlangeneyo kwaye kwenzeka nokuba ayinakuphulukiswa. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba bekukho ixesha elifanelekileyo lokufunyaniswa nalesi sifo esingenakuphulukiswa, ngoku, njengoko kukho ukhetho lwezokwelapha olukhoyo kakhulu luye lwaba njalo-kwaye luvumela abantu abaninzi abane-RA abaya kuba neenjongo zokufumana izihlalo zabakhubazekile ukuba baphile ubomi obugcweleyo.
Enye yeempawu zokuqala ze-rheumatoid arthritis yintamo, intlungu, kunye nokuvuvukala ezandleni nasezinyaweni. Ukuqala kuthatha kancane kancane kwabanye kwaye ngokukhawuleza kwabanye, kodwa kungakhathaliseki ukuba, abaninzi abantu abane-RA bavuke ngelinye ilanga baze baqonde ukuba amajoyina ebhola okanye inyawo yeenyawo zawo abuhlungu kakhulu ukuhamba. Ngethuba elifanayo, banokuthi baqaphele iminwe yabo igxininise ngelixa bezama ukuvula ingcambu, okanye ukuba abanako ukugoba amanxeba athile xa bepheka ngenxa yokuba ibuhlungu kakhulu. Njengoko eso sifo siyaqhubeka, intlungu kunye nokuqina kunokusasazeka kwizibonda, amaqabunga, amahlombe, amadolo, amaqaqa, kunye namaqatha.
Yintoni ebangela i-Rheumatoid Arthritis?
Nge-RA, i-immune system ihlasela izicubu ezidibeneyo zomzimba, okubangelwa ukuvuvukala, okubangela ukuba umonakalo oqhubekayo kumalungu axhatshaziweyo. Ngokukodwa, i-immune system ihlasela i-fluid ngaphakathi kwamalungu kunye nelayini elidibeneyo, elibizwa ngokuba yi synovium. I synovium iyaba nefuthe kakhulu, kubangela ukudibanisa nokufudumala.
Ukuqhubeka ukuvuvukala, ingakumbi xa kushiywe kungakhange kulandelelwe, ekugqibeleni kwandisa i synovium kwaye kubangele i-cartilage kunye nethambo ukuba ilahleke, ekhokelela ekugqibeleni ngokuhlangeneyo kunye nokunciphisa uluhlu lokunyakaza. Ukongezelela, iimbumba, iintambo, kunye neendandatho ezijikeleze kunye nokuzinzisa amajoyina zingabuthathaka.
Abantu abaninzi banamaxesha okwanda kweempawu, ezibhekiswa njengeziqhamo, zilandelwa ngumsebenzi wesifo esincinane okanye nakwexesha lokuxolelwa, ukungabi nantlungu, ubunzima, okanye ukuvuvukala.
Ziziphi iNgxenye zeenyawo ezichaphazelekayo yi-RA?
Xa kuzifika ezinyaweni, i-RA iyakuthinta iimpawu ze- metatarsophalangeal (MTP) zezinzwane. Xa i-RA iqhubeka ichaphazela izixhamla ze-MTP, ukutshintshwa kwangaphantsi (okuhamba phambili) kwimizwane kunokwenzeka. Oku kunokubangela zombini iinyawo ukuba ziphucule iibunions (hallux valgus) . I-RA ingakhokelela ekutshintshisweni kwephambili kunye nokulahleka kozinzo, okukhokelela kwiikontrakthi zontwane, njengezinyundo. Iintetho zemvumelwano kunye neenguqu kwi-toe ukulungelelanisa ukudibanisa kuya kubakhokelela kwiifowuni kunye nentlungu phantsi kwebhola lonyawo . Zonke ezo zitshintsho kwisakhiwo senyawo kunye nesimo singenza ukuba ufumane isicathulo esinobukhulu kunzima kumntu ogulayo.
Amanye amalunga enyawo anokuchaphazeleka yi-RA afaka i-joint joint kunye ne-talonavicular joint, eyinxalenye yesiganeko seenyawo. Xa umxube we-talonavicular uchaphazelekayo, unyawo lunokuthi lube lukhuni kwaye iinyawo ezintle (pes pesus) ziyakhula.
Yintoni eyahlukana neentlungu ze-RA kwi- osteoarthritis (OA) eqhelekileyo intlungu kukuba amaninzi amaninzi achaphazelekayo ngexesha elifanayo kunye ne-RA kunye neempawu ezidibeneyo ngokuqhelekileyo zihambelana, zivela kumacala omabili omzimba ngokulinganayo. Enye into ehlukanisa i-RA esuka kwi-OA yinto yokutyekela i-RA ukwenza ubunzima besikhathi eside.
Umntu ogula i-RA uya kubakho ubunzima obunzima kumalungu amaninzi emva kokuvuswa, xa kuthelekiswa nomntu ophethwe yi-OA, ukuqina kwakhe okuhlangeneyo kungancipha emva kwemizuzu embalwa yokwelula okanye ukunyuka ekuseni.
Ezinye iiNgxaki zeenyawo ezidibene ne-RA
Intlungu yesheel. Le ngxaki eqhelekileyo eqhubekayo kubantu abane-RA kwaye iyakwenzeka emva kwesithende okanye ngaphantsi. Iimeko ezinxulumene nentlungu yesithende zibandakanya i- fasciitis ye-plantar (i-spel syndrome ye-heel), i-Achilles tendonitis, kunye ne-bursitis ye-retrocalcaneal bursitis. I-bursitis e-retrocalcaneal iyenzeka xa isikhwama esigcwele amanzi (bursa) emva kwethambo lesithende sitshisa, sibangela intlungu kunye nokuvuvukala.
I-syndromes ye-nerve entrapment. Xa i-RA igxobhoza umbane odibeneyo, okanye i-synovium, ukuvuvukala kunokunyanzelisa iimbilini kwaye kubangele iimpawu zentsimbi echitshiweyo, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-nerve entrapment. Esinye isifo esiswini esifanayo kwinqanaba libizwa ngokuba yi-tarsal tunnel syndrome. Iimpawu zesifo se-tarsal syndrome zibandakanya intlungu yokutshisa, ukubetha okanye ukudubula kwindawo yonyawo lweenyawo kunye neyodwa.
Iidumbu ze-Rheumatoid. I- rumatoid nodule ibonakala njengengcibi phantsi kwesikhumba, ngokuqhelekileyo ngaphezu kwebony evelele okanye ithethoni. Ngonyawo, i-nodule ye-rumatoid ingabonakala kwi-tendon ye-Achilles okanye kwicala lezandla ezinkulu uma i- hallux valgus ikhona.
Utywala. Ukuvuvukala okunxulumene ne-RA kunokuchaphazela imithana yegazi encinci, leyo leyo ingabangela ukubonakaliswa kwesikhumba esithile, kubandakanywa iziqholo okanye amanxeba kwimilenze ephantsi. Olunye ulusu lwezinto ezinxulumene ne-RA lugxobhozo lweemvula, ezona ziindawo ezincinci zemithambo yegazi ebonakalayo emacaleni eminwe okanye izikhonkwane.
Nangona kungekhona wonke umntu oza kuthatha inyawo ukubandakanyeka ne-RA, uninzi lwabantu lunalo nqanaba. Nangona kunjalo, into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuyiqwalasela kukuba kukho ezininzi iindlela zokwelapha zonyango kunye neendlela zokuphila ezinokuthi zenze umehluko omkhulu ekulawuleni yonke imiba yesifo, kuquka ukubonakaliswa kweenyawo zayo. Ubuhlobo obusondeleyo kunye ne-rheumatologist yakho-oya kusebenza ekunciphiseni ubuhlungu kunye nokuvuvukala, ukulimala umonakalo ohlanganyeneyo kunye nokuphucula umgangatho wakho wokuphila-kuya kuqinisekisa iziphumo ezingcono kwixesha lakho kwisifo sakho.
Imithombo:
> Brooks, Francis, kunye no Hariharan, iKartik. I-rhumatoid forefoot. Curr Rev Musculoskelet Med. 2013 Dec; 6 (4): 320-327.
> I-Rheumatoid Arthritis yeLinya kunye ne-Ankle. I-American Orthopedic Foot & Ankle Society.
> Ukunikezelwa kweMpilo kwi-Rheumatoid Arthritis. Isiko seSizwe seArthritis kunye neMisculoskeletal kunye Nezifo Zesikhumba. 2016 kuFebruwari.