I-Vasculitis Ngamanye amaxesha inxulumene namanye ama-Rheumatic Diseases
Sibanzi
I-Vasculitis yimeko engavumelekanga equka ukuvuvukala kwemithambo yegazi. I-Vasculitis ikhula xa isistim somzimba sakho sokuzivikela sichaphazela imithwalo yegazi. Nayiphi na imithwalo yegazi yomzimba-iirriyiti (ezithwala igazi kude nentliziyo yakho), imithanjeni (ephethe igazi entliziyweni yakho), kunye ne-capillaries (edibanisa imithambo emincinci kunye neemvini) -nokuchaphazeleka.
Ukuvutha kwesitya segazi kunokubangela ukuba inciphise okanye ivalwe, imida okanye inqanda ukuhamba kwegazi ngokuqhelekileyo. Ngokuqhelekileyo, isitya segazi esichaphazelekayo sinokulula kwaye sinciphise, kubangele i-aneurysm.
Izizathu
Isizathu se-vasculitis asiyazi ngokupheleleyo okanye siyaqonda. Kukholelwa ukuba ukusuleleka, ukunyangwa kwamachiza kunye nesifo sokuzimela kungabangela. I-Vasculitis inokudityaniswa nezinye izifo ze-rheumatic , ezifana ne- lupus , i- rheumatoid arthritis , kunye ne- Sjogren's syndrome- kodwa ezininzi izigulane ezine-vasculitis azikho na kwezi zimo. Ngokuxhomekeka kweso sizathu, i-vasculitis ingaba mnene, inzima, okanye isongela ubomi. Iyakwenzeka njengeqhosha elinye leempawu okanye iziganeko ezininzi.
Izimpawu kunye neMpawu
Imiqondiso kunye neempawu ezinxulumene ne-vasculitis ziyahlukahluka, kuxhomekeke kuhlobo lwesitya segazi kunye nezitho ezichaphazelekayo. Imiqondiso kunye neempawu eziqhelekileyo ziquka umkhuhlane, ukulahleka kwesidlo, ukulahleka kwesisindo, ukukhathala kunye nentlungu.
Iimpawu kunye neempawu ezinxulumene kakhulu nequmrhu lomzimba elichaphazelekayo ziquka:
- Ubisi - izibomvu / ezibomvu, ii-nodules, okanye izilonda
- Imiba - ukuphefumula, ukukhwehlela
- Amagulane - amanqindi okanye ubuthathaka ekupheleni
- Amalungu - amanxeba, iintlungu, kunye ne-arthritis
- Iphepha lezilonda - izilonda zomlomo, intlungu yesisu, ukuphuma kwamathumbu emathumbu
- I-Sinus kunye ne-ENT-sinus ukuvuvukala, ukuvutha kwindlebe ephakathi, izilonda zempumlo, ukulahlekelwa kwindlebe
- Amehlo - obomvu, amaqabunga, okanye amehlo avuthayo, umbono onqamlekileyo, uvelwano olukhanyayo, ubumpumputhe
- Intloko - intloko yesifo, inguqu yengqondo, iimpawu ezinjenge-stroke
Ukuxilongwa
Njengokuba kuninzi kwiimeko zonyango, ukuxilongwa kwe-vasculitis kusekelwe ekuhlanganisweni kweziphumo ezibandakanya iimpawu kunye neempawu, imbali yonyango, ukuhlolwa kwempilo, kunye neziphumo ezivela kwiimvavanyo zokuxilonga. Iimvavanyo ezithile zegazi zinokuthi zibonise iimpawu ze-anemia ( iimvavanyo ze- hemoglobin kunye ne- hematocrit ) kunye neempawu ezingezizo zokuvuvukala ( izinga lokutsalwa kwe-erythrocyte kunye neprotheyini e-C-reactive ). Olunye uvavanyo lwegazi, i-ANCA (i-anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies), isetyenziswe njengomqondiso wokuxilonga kwi-vasculitis.
Uxinzelelo lwegazi lungaphakanyiswa, ngakumbi xa kukho ukungena kwezintso. Amanqanaba aphezulu amaprotheni okanye iiseli zegazi ezitholakala kwi-urinalysis nazo zingabonakalisa ukubandakanyeka kweengtso. I-Electrocardiogram (EKG) okanye intliziyo ye-echocardiogram isetyenziselwa ukuhlola nayiphi na into engaqhelekanga enxulumene nentliziyo. I-x-ray yebhokisi, iimvavanyo zomsebenzi wamaphaphu, i-ultrasound yesisu, izicwangciso ze-CT zeempawu, kunye ne-MRI engiography ukujonga imithana yegazi zonke iimvavanyo ezifumanekayo ukukunceda ukuba ufumane ukuxilongwa.
Ukuhlolisisa iisampula zamathambo nge-biopsy yindlela enye yokujonga imilambo yegazi ngempawu zokuvuvukala okanye umonakalo weethambo.
Unyango
Unyango olumiselweyo luya kuxhomekeka kuhlobo lwe-vasculitis kunye namalungu achaphazelekayo, kunye nokunyaniseka nokuqhubela phambili kwimeko. Ngokuqhelekileyo, unyango luya kugunyazwa ukulawula ukuvuvukala, i- immunosuppressants ingasetyenziselwa ukunyanga i-immune system, kunye neminye imithi inokunceda ukunciphisa impawu ezithile. I-Glucocorticoids, ebizwa ngokuba yi- steroids , yinto ephambili ekunyanga kwe-vasculitis.
Iintlobo
Kukho iimeko ezi-20 ezahlukileyo ezichazwe njenge-vasculitis, kuquka:
- Izifo zeBehcet
- Izifo zoBuerger
- I-Central Central System yeNervous Vasculitis
- I-Churg-Strauss Syndrome
- Cryoglobulinemia
- Cell Arteritis enkulu
- UHenoch-Schonlein Purpura
- Microscopic Polyangiitis
- Polyarteritis Nodosa
- Polymyalgia Rheumatica
- I-Rumatoid Vasculitis
- Arayitis Takayasu
- Granulomatosis Wegener
Ngaphantsi
Nangona i-vasculitis ithathwa njengesimo esinqabileyo, kukho ukukhawuleza ukuhambelana nokuxilongwa kwayo. Akukho naluphi unyango lwe-vasculitis, kodwa ukuxilongwa kwangaphambili kunye nonyango kunokunceda ukulawula iimpawu nokulawula ukunyuka kweethambo kunye nomonakalo wembutho.
Imithombo:
> UPaul A. Monach, MD, PhD noPeter A. Merkel, MD, MPH. Vasculitis. Ikholeji yaseMerika yeRheumatology Patient Education. Ukuhlaziywa ngoMeyi 2015.
Yintoni iVasculitis? Johns Hopkins Vasculitis Centre. Johns Hopkins Medicine.