I-Osteonecrosis (i-Avascular Necrosis) ichazwa

Ukungabi negalelo leGazi kubangela i-Bone to Die

I-Osteonecrosis yimeko eqhubekayo ngenxa yokulahlekelwa kwexesha elifutshane okanye lokusisigxina kwegazi. Ukungabikho kwegazi kunesifo kubangela ukuba inxalenye yethambo ife. Ithambo liyakwazi ukuwa xa lifa, kwaye ukuba ithambo elichaphazelekayo liseduze nomxube, ummandla ohlangeneyo unokuwela.

I-Osteonecrosis inokuchaphazela nayiphi na ithambo kodwa ininzi ichaphazela iziphelo ze-femur, ithambo lesandla elingaphezulu, amadolo, amahlombe, kunye namaqaqa.

I-Osteonecrosis yomhlathi iyabonakala ingabonakali kwaye idibene nokusetyenziswa kwe-bisphosphonate. Nge-osteonecrosis, ithambo elinye linokuchaphazeleka okanye ngaphezulu kweyodwa, mhlawumbi ngexesha elinye okanye ngamaxesha ahlukeneyo.

I-Osteonecrosis ikwabizwa ngokuba yi-avascular necrosis, i-aseptic necrosis, okanye i-ischemic necrosis yethambo.

I-Osteonecrosis ininzi kangakanani?

I-American Academy ye-Orthopedic Surgeons iqikelela ukuba abantu abayi-10 000 ukuya kuma-20,000 bakhula i-osteonecrosis ngonyaka.

Yintoni eyenza i-Osteonecrosis?

Ngokuqhelekileyo, ukuphazamiseka kwegazi okuphazamisayo okubangela ukuba i-osteonecrosis ivelise ingozi elandelayo (ukulimala). Nangona kunjalo, kunokubakho izizathu ezingenangxaki.

I-osteonecrosis ephazamisayo iyenzeka xa kwenzeka ukulimala, ukuchithwa, okanye ukulimala ngokubambisana kwimizila yegazi, ukuphazamisa ukujikeleza kwegazi kwithambo. Ukuqhekeka kwe-Hip kunye nokuchithwa kwe-hip kubangela izizathu eziqhelekileyo ze-osteonecrosis.

I-osteonecrosis engabonakaliyo ikhula ngaphandle kwexinzelelo okanye ukulimala.

Iimeko ezithile zonyango zidibene ne-osteonecrosis engenazo ingxaki ezifana ne- lupus , gout, vasculitis , i- osteoarthritis , umhlaza, isifo sikashukela, isifo se-Gaucher, i-Cushing's syndrome, isifo sesibindi, isifo se-galel cell, i-pancreatitis, i-tumor, kunye nokuphazamiseka kwegazi. I-Chemotherapy, i-dose ephezulu okanye i-long-term usetyenziso lwe- corticosteroid , ukuguqulwa komzimba, ukushisa imitha, ukutshaya kunye nokusetyenziswa kakubi kotywala kubonwa njengengozi ye-osteonecrosis.

Ezinye imithombo ibonisa ukuba i-corticosteroid isebenzise ukuba yinto ebalulekileyo ye-osteonecrosis.

I-20% yezigulane ze-osteonecrosis, isizathu asiyazi kwaye imeko iyaziwa njenge-idiopathic osteonecrosis.

Iimpawu

Ekuqaleni, akukho nto ingabonakali impawu ezinxulumene ne-osteonecrosis. Kodwa njengoko imeko ibuhlungu, iintlungu ezidibeneyo zikhoyo. Ekuqaleni, intlungu ingenzeka kuphela xa ithwala ubunzima, kodwa njengokuba i-osteonecrosis iyaqhubeka, kunokubakho intlungu xa kuphumla. Emva kwexesha, intlungu inganciphisa uluhlu lwezityalo kwaye lukhubaza. Ukulahlekelwa komsebenzi ohlanganyelweyo kunokuphuhliswa kwithuba leenyanga eziliqela. Nangona iimpawu zibonakala ngokuthe ngcembe, kunokwenzeka ukuba ufumane intlungu ngokukhawuleza kwi-osteonecrosis.

Ukuxilongwa

Ii-ray zase-X zivame ukuhlolwa kokuqala kokuxilongwa xa kukho ukukrokra kwe-osteonecrosis. Nangona kunjalo, ii-ray-ray aziyi kuthatha amanyathelo okuqala e-osteonecrosis. Ukuba ii-ray zibonakala ziqhelekileyo, i-MRI ivame ukuqhutywa ukunikela ithuba elihle lokufumana amanyathelo okuqala e-osteonecrosis engabonakali kwi-x ray.

Nangona zingasetyenziselwa ukuxilonga i-osteonecrosis, i-CT, i-scans, kunye ne-biopy ayifumaneki ukusetyenziswa.

Unyango

Iinjongo zonyango ziquka ukuphucula ukusetyenziswa kwendibano echaphazelekayo, ukumisa umonakalo ohlanganyeneyo kunye nokukhuthaza ukuhlala kwithambo.

Xa ukhetha ukhetho olungcono kunyango, ugqirha uya kuqwalasela iminyaka yakho, isigaba se-osteonecrosis, indawo yokulimala kwethambo, kwaye yintoni eyayilungisa ingxaki.

Kukho amayeza anikwe ukunciphisa intlungu, okanye amayeza ayeke ukuba acingelwa ukuba yimbangela (umzekelo, i-corticosteroids). Ukunciphisa ubunzima obuncitshiswayo kubaluleke kakhulu ekuphiliseni kwaye kungafezwa ngemisebenzi yokunciphisa okanye ngokusebenzisa iinqwelo okanye ezinye izibonelelo zokuhamba. Izenzo zokuhamba ezihamba phambili zifakwe ngokuqhelekileyo njengenxalenye yesicwangciso sonyango. Ngamanye amaxesha ukuvuselelwa kombane kusetyenziswa ukukhuthaza ukukhula kwethambo. Noko ke, ekugqibeleni, abaninzi abantu abane-osteonecrosis baya kufuna ukuhlinzwa okanye ukuyeka ukuqhubeka kwimeko.

Uphando luyasebenza kakhulu xa i-osteonecrosis ingazange iqhubekele ekuhlaleni kwethambo. Iinkqubo ezisetyenziselwa i-osteonecrosis ziquka ukuchithwa kwe-core, i- osteotomy , i-graft ye-bone, kunye nokutshintshwa okuhlangeneyo .

_Imithombo:

_{Osteonecrosis. Iziko zeSizwe zeArthritis kunye neMisculoskeletal and Skin Skin (NIAMS). Juni 2009.}

_{Osteonecrosis. I-Bone, Joint and Muscle Disorders. Manual Merck. Matshi 2008.}