I-hip ephukile yenzelwa ukulimala okuqhelekileyo, ngokukodwa kubantu asebekhulile abanesithambo somzimba. EUnited States, i-hip fractures yinto eqaqambileyo ebonakalayo efunwa esibhedlele; Ama-Amerika angama-300 000 abhedlele esibhedlele ngenxa yokunyuka kwe-hip minyaka yonke. "I-hip cuts" kunye "nokuqhekeka kwe-hip" kuthetha into efanayo.
Ukuphuka kwe-Hip kwiindawo ezikhulile zidla ngokubangelwa ukuwa, ngokuqhelekileyo ukuwa okubonakala kungabalulekanga.
Kwizigulane ezincinci ezinezintlu ezinamandla, izizathu eziqhelekileyo zento ephukileyo zibandakanya ukulimala kwamandla amaninzi njengengozi yemoto okanye ukuwa ephakamileyo. Izifucu ze-Hip zikwabangelwa yithambo ebuthathaka kwi-tumor okanye intsholongwane, ingxaki ebizwa ngokuthi i- pathologic fracture .
I-Hip Fractures kunye ne-Osteoporosis
I-hip ephukile kwi-asebekhulile inokuchazwa ngokuyinhloko ngokudakalisa kwethambo ngenxa ye- osteoporosis . Izigulane ezisebekhulile ezine-osteoporosis zisengozini enkulu yokuphulukana nokuqhaqhazela kunomntu ongenayo i-osteoporosis. Ezinye izinto ezinobungozi ezinxulumene nokuqhekeka kwe-hip zikwabelana ngesondo, ubuhlanga baseCaucasia, abantu abakhelwe ngokukhawuleza, kunye nomsebenzi ongaphantsi.
I-osteoporosis yimeko edala ukulahlekelwa kwethambo ; ukubunjwa kwethambo kuyinto eqhelekileyo, kodwa kuncinci kunabantu abaqhelekileyo. Ngamathambo amancinci, athathaka, izigulane ezine-osteoporosis ziba mngcipheko omkhulu wokuphulwa kwe-hip kwiingozi ezifana nokuwa.
Iintlobo ze-Hip Fractures
Izahlulo ze-Hip zihlala zihlukaniswe zibe ziintlobo ezimbini zeziqhekeza:
- I-Femoral Neck I-Fractures : Ukuphuka kwentamo ye-femal kwenzeka xa ibhola ye-ball-and-socket iqhagamshelo le-hip lichithwa phezulu kwintombi. Ukunyangwa kwentsimbi yentamo yesifazane kuxhomekeke kwiminyaka yesigulane kwaye ukuba ibhola liye laphuma kwindawo yalo eqhelekileyo
- I-Hip-Fractures yama-Intertrochanteric: I-interprochanteric hip fracture ivele nje ngaphantsi kwentamo yentombi. Ezi ziqhekeza zilungiswa ngokuphindaphindiweyo kunezifo zentamo yesifazane. Utyando oluqhelekileyo lonyango lubandakanya ukubekwa kweplate kunye neentloko okanye intonga kunye nezikhwama zokuzinzisa iziza.
- Ezinye iipateni zokuphuka: Kukho ezinye iintlobo zeentlobo zamathambo kufuphi nomxube we-hip onokuthi ngamanye amaxesha ubizwa ngokuba yi-hip ephukile. Uninzi lwamaxesha amaninzi ayengenakuthola i-pelvic fractures . Ezi ziqhekeza zenzeka kwi-bonevic pelvic, kungekhona ithambo lethanga (i-femur), kwaye iyakwazi ukuphathwa ngaphandle kokuhlinzwa. Olunye uhlobo oluthile lwenqabunga le-pelvic lulimala kwisikhwama somlenze ngokwawo, esibizwa ngokuthi i- acetabular fracture . Nangona ezinye zezo zonyango zingaphathwa ngokungagqirha, kuba zibandakanya ukudibanisa i-hip kukho iimeko apho kukho unyango olongezelelweyo olufunekayo.
Unyango lwe-hip fracture phantse ufune ukuhlinzwa. Kwezinye iimeko, ezinjengeenkcenkceshe zengcinezelo, okanye kwizigulane ezineengxaki ezinzulu zonyango ezikhusela unyango, unyango olungasebenziyo lunganconywa. Nangona kunjalo, ininzi yonke i-hip fractures iphathwa ngokuhlinzwa. Uhlobo lotyando olukhethiweyo luxhomekeke kuhlobo lokuphulwa.
Iingxaki Emva kweFracture Fracture
Iingxaki zixhaphake kakhulu kwizigulane eziqhubekayo zenyuka. Esinye sezizathu ezibalulekileyo zokwenza utyando kwizigulane ezinokuqhekeka kwe-hip kukukunceda ukukhusela ezi ngxaki. Ngokufumana izigulane kunye nokuphuma ebhedini ngokukhawuleza kunokwenzeka, umngcipheko weengxaki ezinjenge-pneumonia, izilonda zebhedlele, kunye nama-clots yegazi ayancipha.
Amanani okufa ngomnyaka wokuqala emva koqhekeko oluphukile lunama-25%, kwaye amaxabiso aphezulu kunabantu abadala. Isizathu sokufa emva kokuqhekeka kwe-hip kudla ngokuba ngenxa yegazi , i-pneumonia, okanye intsholongwane.
Ukongezelela, i-25% kuphela yezigulane ezigcina i-hip ephukile ebuyela kwi-preinjury yazo yemisebenzi.
Ininzi yezigulane ezigcina ukuphuka kwe-hip ziza kufuna ukunakekelwa okwexeshana olude, njengobungikazi obude okanye indawo yokuvuselela. Phantse omnye unyaka emva kokuba isiguli sigcina i-hip ephukile, amazinga okufa abuyele kwisiqhelo, kodwa isigulane esasilondoloze i-hip fracture sinomngcipheko ophezulu wokuphinda uqhekeza kwakhona. Ukuqulunqwa ngokutsha kunye nokuqiniswa yizona zonyango ezona zilungileyo zokubuyisela abantu kwi-preinjury yabo yemisebenzi.
ILizwi
Kuzo zonke ezi zizathu, enye yezona zinto zibaluleke kakhulu ezinokwenziwa kukuba kuthathe amanyathelo okuthintela ukuphulwa kwe-hip. Abantu abafunda le nqaku banokuziva bephuzile kakhulu, kodwa oko akunjalo! Enoba uncedise umlenze ophukile, okanye umthandi wakho uchithe umlenze, ukuthintela i-fracture ezayo kubaluleke ngakumbi. Akuqhelekanga ukuba abantu baphule elinye i-hip, okanye bahlale belimale kakhulu ngenxa yecala elibuthathaka.
Imithombo:
UKJ Koval noJD Zuckerman; "I-Hip Fractures: I. Uhlolo-nkqubela kunye noVavanyo kunye nokuPhathwa kwe-Femoral-Neck Fractures" J. Am. Acad. IOrn. Ugqirha, ngoMeyi 1994; 2: 141 - 149.
UKJ Koval noJD Zuckerman; "I-Hip Fractures: II. Ukuvavanywa kunye nokuPhathwa kweeNgqungquthela ze-Intertrochanteric" J. Am. Acad. IOrn. Ugqirha, ngoMeyi 1994; 2: 150 - 156.