Ukwahlukana kwe-Hip Joint yeBhola kunye ne-Socket
Ukuphuka kwentamo yesifazane yintlobo enye ye- hip fracture . Xa kuqhutywe intamo yesifazane, ukulimala kungaphantsi kwebhola ye-ball-and-socket joint joint; Lo mmandla wethambo lethanga kuthiwa intamo yentombi. Xa kuqhutyelwa intamo yentwaphu yentombi, ibhola inqanyuliwe ukusuka kwinye ithambo lethanga (i-femur).
Umba obalulekileyo kunye neentlobo zentsimbi yeentamo zentsimbi kukuba ukunikezelwa kwegazi kwiqhekeza elithatyathwe ngethambo kudla ngokulimala ngexesha lokulimala.
Ngenxa yokuba ukuhamba kwegazi kuphazamiseka, ezi zintluko zisengozini enkulu yokungaphuluki , ingakumbi xa i-fracture ingekho kwindawo. Ngenxa yenkinga yokunikezelwa kwegazi kunye neentyatyambo zentsimbi yeentombi, abantu abaninzi baya kunyangwa ngokutshintshwa kwe-hip esikhundleni.
Uphuhliso lwabantu ababesifazana
Ukunyangwa kwentsimbi yentamo yesifazane kuxhomekeke kwizinto eziliqela. Inqobo ebalulekileyo yokuqwalasela ibandakanya:
- Isixa sokufuduka kwesakhiwo
- Ubudala bomguli
Kwizigulane ezincinci, abo bangaphantsi kweminyaka engama-60 ukuya kuma-65 ubudala, yonke inzame iya kwenziwa ukwenzela ukuphepha ukutshintshwa kwe-hip esikhundleni. Ukutshintshwa kwe-Hip emsebenzini kuhle kakhulu kwizigulane ezingaphantsi, kodwa zivame ukugqithisa kwizigulane ezincinci, ezikhutheleyo. Ngoko ke, kwizigulane eziselula, ithuba linga kuthathwa ukuze lugweme ukutshintshwa kwe-hip nokuba ngaba kukho umngcipheko ophezulu wokuphulukiswa okungenakuphilisa.
Izinketho zokuphanda
I-Hip Pinning (Ukulungisa iFracture)
I-pinplant hip yinkqubo eyenziwe ukubeka iindawo ezininzi kwi-bone ephukile.
Ngokuqhelekileyo ukuququza i-hip kuqhutyelwa kuphela kwizigulane ezinokuphuka kwentamo yesifazane ehambelana kakuhle kwaye ihamba ngokunyanzelekileyo. Kwizigulane ezincinci, njengoko kuchaziwe ngasentla, ukuphambuka kwe-hip kungalingeka nokuba amathambo awahambelani ngokufanelekileyo. Nangona kunjalo, nangona kulungiselelwe, ukutshintshwa kwe-hip esikhundleni sinokufuneka.
Xa kuqhutyelwa i-hip pinning, isigulane sihlala phantsi kwe-anesthesia yomgca . Isincinci esincinci senziwa ngaphandle kwethanga. Ukusebenzisa i-x-ray ukukhokela ugqirha wakho, uphahla oluninzi luye lwadlula kwiqhekeza ukwenzela ukuzinzisa amathambo aphukile.
Izigulane zikwazi ukubeka ubunzima obuninzi kwi-hip elungisweyo, kodwa oku kuyahluka kwezinye iimeko. Hlola kunye nodokotela wakho ogqirha ngaphambi kokuba uqalise nayiphi na unyango okanye uvavanyo. Njengoko amathambo aphilisa, intlungu iya kuphelisa. Inkxalabo ephambili yentsimbi yeentamo zentsimbi kukuba ukuphawulwa kwegazi kwithambo kuya kubangela ukungaphilanga okanye ithambo lokufa (i- hip osteonecrosis ) yentloko yesifazane. Kule meko, izigulane zingadinga ukutyunjwa kwe- hip endaweni yokuhamba.
I-Hip Hemiarthroplasty (i-Hip-substitution Hip Replacement)
I-hemiarthroplasty ye-hip isichaza isiqingatha se-hip substitution. Kule nkqubo, ibhola yomxube webhola kunye ne-socket isuswe, kwaye ukufakelwa kwesinyithi kufakwa kwidibeneyo. Uhlobo lwe-Hip hemiarthroplasty luyakuthandwa kwizigulane ezinamaqhekeza aphethwe yintambo ngenxa yeengxaki ezichazwe ngasentla ngokuzama ukulungisa ezi ziqhekeza.
I-hemiarthroplasty ye-hip isenziwa phantsi kwe-anesthesia jikelele okanye i-anesthesia yomgulane.
Isicatshulwa senziwa ngaphandle kwe-hip. Intloko yesetyhini ephukileyo ikhutshwe, kwaye ithathelwe indawo yenkxaso yesinyithi. Kuqheqho oluqhelekileyo lokutshintshwa kwe-hip , i-socket ye-pelvis nayo iya kutshintshwa. Oku kunokwenziwa kwizigulane ezine- arthritis esele zikhona ngaphambili , kodwa kwiimeko ezininzi zentsimbi yeentamo zentsimbi, isiseko sishiywe yodwa. I-prosthetic stem inokufakwa kwisithambo kwizigulane ezinomzimba ogqityiweyo, ithambo le-osteoporotic, okanye i-press-fit to patients in quality of bone.
Ukubuyiselwa kwakhona kuqaliswa ngokukhawuleza kwaye izigulane ziqhele ukuhamba ngokulinganisela kwazo ngokupheleleyo.
Izigulane zivakala ukuba ziphucule ngakumbi emva kokuhlinzwa, kwaye ngokuqhelekileyo zibuye zihambe ngokukhawuleza.
Imithombo:
UKJ Koval noJD Zuckerman; "I-Hip Fractures: I. Uhlolo-nkqubela kunye noVavanyo kunye nokuPhathwa kwe-Femoral-Neck Fractures" J. Am. Acad. IOrn. Ugqirha, ngoMeyi 1994; 2: 141 - 149.