I-Avascular Necrosis ye-Hip
I-osteonecrosis ye-Hip, ebizwa nangokuthi i-avascular necrosis, yinkinga ngokunikezelwa kwegazi kwisithambo somxube we- hip . Le meko ivela xa kukho ukuphazamiseka kokuhamba kwegazi ukuya entloko ye-femur (ibhola, ibhola kunye ne-socket joint hip). Ukungabikho kwegazi eliqhelekileyo kwiiseli zethambo kubangela ukuncipha kwonikezelo lwe-oksijeni kunye nezondlo kwithambo, kwaye iiseli zethambo ziya kufa.
Xa amathambo eethambo awonakele, amandla esithambo ayancipha kakhulu, kwaye ithambo liyakwazi ukuwa.
Izizathu
Akukho mntu uyazi kakuhle oko kubangela i-hip osteonecrosis. Xa i-hip osteonecrosis ivela, ithambo liyawa kunye nomhlaba ohlangeneyo, i-cartilage, ilahlekelwa inkxaso yayo. Ngenxa yokuba i-cartilage ilahlekelwa yinkxaso yecala elingaphantsi, i-joint joint isantya, kwaye i- arthritis iyaqhubela phambili.
Uninzi lwezigulane ezine-hip osteonecrosis zidibene kunye nokusetyenziswa kotywala okanye ukusebenzisa i-steroid . Eminye imingcipheko yokuphuhlisa i-hip osteonecrosis ibandakanya isifo seseli segulane, ukuxhwaleka kwintambo (ukuchithwa okanye ukuphulwa), i-lupus, kunye neengxaki ezithile zofuzo.
Iimpawu
I-osteonecrosis ye-Hip ngokuvamile inemiqondiso emininzi yokulumkisa. Izigulane zihlala zikhalaza ngeentlungu zokuqala zentlungu kunye nokuhamba nzima. Izimpawu eziqhelekileyo ze-hip osteonecrosis ziquka:
- Ukubandezeleka kwi-groin
- Ubuhlungu ngokuhamba kwe-hip
- Ukunzima ukuhamba okanye ukuhlambalaza
Iimvavanyo ezimbini ezibaluleke kakhulu ekufumaneni nasekupheni i-hip osteonecrosis zi-x-ray kunye nee- MRIs . I-ray-ray ingaba yinto eqhelekileyo, okanye ingabonakalisa umonakalo omkhulu kwi-joint hip. Ukuba i-x-ray iyinto eqhelekileyo, i-MRI inokwenziwa ukujonga iimpawu zokuqala ze-hip osteonecrosis.
I-osteonecrosis yokuqala ye-hip ingabonakali kwi-x-ray yesiqhelo, kodwa kufuneka ihlale iboniswa kwi-MRI test. Iinqanaba zesebe ze-osteonecrosis ziza kubonakala lula kwi-x-ray, kwaye i-MRIs ayimfuneko kwaye ayiluncedo. Ngelishwa, ngokuphindaphindiweyo i-osteonecrosis iyabonakala kwi-x-ray, unyango oluphela kuphela olufumanekayo luya kulandelwa.
Ezinye iimeko ezingenayo iimpawu ezifanayo ziquka i- osteoarthritis ye-hip , i- osteoporosis ehamba phambili ye-hip , kunye neengxaki zangemva .
Unyango
Ukwelashwa kwe-hip osteonecrosis kunzima kuba ingxaki ihamba phambili ngokukhawuleza nangona kungenelelo. Kwimigangatho yokuqala ye-hip osteonecrosis, iimfonto kunye neyeza ezichasayo zinganceda .
Okukhethwa kwindlela yokuphanda kwinqanaba lokuqala le-hip osteonecrosis kubandakanya ukugqithiswa kwe-hip kunye nokufakelwa kwethambo. Ukugqithiswa kwe-Hip kwenziwa ukwenzela ukunciphisa uxinzelelo olongezelelweyo ngaphakathi kwentloko yesifazane engabangela ukuba kungabikho kokuhamba kwegazi. Ukugqithiswa kwe-hip kwenziwa ngegulane elele egumbini lokuqhuba. Izimbobo ezincinci zidibene kwindawo ye-hip osteonecrosis ukukhupha ingcinezelo ngaphakathi kwentloko yesifazane.
Isalathisi se- vascularrized sishukumisa amathambo enempilo ukusuka emlenzeni ophantsi (kunye nemithambo yegazi ehlanganiswe kwithambo), kwaye ibeka le ndawo kwindawo ye-hip osteonecrosis.
Injongo yalo msebenzi uphawuleza ukuhambisa umjikelezo wegazi oluqhelekileyo kwi-hip echaphazelekayo. Abagqirha baye bazama nezinye iintlobo ze-graft (kuquka i-cadaver bone kunye ne-graft synthetic) ukukhuthaza ukuphilisa ithambo kwintloko yentloko. Ezi nkqubo zenziwa kuphela kwiinqanaba zokuqala ze-hip osteonecrosis; ukuba i-cartilage isele iqule, le nkqubo yokuhlinzwa ingenakusebenza.
Unyango oluqhelekileyo unyango lwe-hip osteonecrosis lugqityiwe ngokutsha . Ukuba kukho umonakalo kwi-cartilage yedibeneyo, ke ukutshintshwa kwe-hip mhlawumbi kuyona ndlela ikhethekileyo. Nangona ukutshintshwa kwe-hip kusebenza kakuhle, ukutshintshwa kwezinto kuza kuguga ngaphezu kwexesha.
Oku kubonisa ingxaki ebalulekileyo kwizigulane ezincinane ezixilongwa nge-hip osteonecrosis. Enye inketho kwizigulane ezincinci zibizwa ngokuba yi- hip ekuzaleni ukuhlinzwa . Le nkqubo iyafana nokutshintshwa kwe-hip ejwayelekile , kodwa isusa ithambo elincinane.
Imithombo:
Zalavras CG noLieberman JR. "I-Osteonecrosis yeNtloko yabesifazane: UkuVavanywa kunye nokuPhathwa" J Am Acad Orthop Surg July 2014 vol. 22 no. 7 455-464.
CJ Lavernia, RJ Sierra, kunye ne-FR Grieco "I-Osteonecrosis yentloko yesifazane" J. Am. Acad. IOrn. Ugqirha., Julayi 1999; 7: 250 - 261.