I-Scabi iimeko ezibangelwa yiSarcoptes scabiei, i-mite. Kubonakaliswa ngoluvo olunokuthi luvumeleke okanye lungayi kuhamba kunye nokukhawuleza. I-Scabi ichaphazela abesilisa kunye nabesifazane ngokulinganayo, kunokubonakala kubantu bonke ubudala, kwaye isasazeka kubantu ngabanye bazo zonke iintlanga nakwiindawo zelizwe lonke. Enyanisweni, kuqikelelwa ukuba ubuncinane ubunzima bemihlaba yesigidi engama-300 ehlabathini lonke ngonyaka.
I-Scabi ingaphathwa kwaye ayinxulumene neengxaki zempilo ezinobungozi, nangona usulelo lwamaqanda okanye ukutshabalalisa lunokubakho ngenxa yokutshatyalaliswa ngokweqile kwaye kubangele ukusuleleka kwebhaktheriya.
Iimpawu
Ukuqala uluhlu lweempawu zesifo kunye neempawu ezibuhlungu kakhulu eziqala ngaphakathi kweentsuku zokungcola kwi-mite, kodwa ingaqala ukuya kwiiveki ezimbalwa emva koko. Ixesha lokuxubusha, ixesha eliphakathi kokutshatyalaliswa kwe-mite kunye nokuqala kweempawu, kufutshane ukuba sele unesifo.
Ukubambisa okuninzi kuchaphazela kakhulu izibilini, izibonda, izibonda, iminwe, isifuba, amathambo, okanye izitho zangasese, kwaye ayisoloko ichaphazela ubuso. Ukubamba ngokuqhelekileyo kubakho ngexesha lonke kodwa kudla ngokubonakalayo ebusuku.
Ukutshiza kwe-scabi kungahamba kunye nokugqithiswa okubonakalayo okunokubonakala ngathi iibhokhwe ezibomvu, i-welts, okanye i-scaly zilonda. Unokuhlakulela ukucoca isikhumba kunye namanqaku okukhangela njengemiphumo yokuphanda ngokuphindaphindiweyo isikhumba sakho.
Iimpawu ziba nzima ngakumbi xa unesifo esiphezulu kwi-mite. Abantwana abancinane kakhulu banokubandakanyeka ngokubanzi, kuquka ubuso, intloko, intendelezo kunye neengqungquthela, ngelixa abantu abadala bengenalo.
Ifom ye-scabi ephakamileyo, i-scabies yaseNorway, ibonakaliswa yimihlaba ye-crusting equlethe inani elikhulu leemithi.
Izizathu
I-Scabi ibangelwa ukuhlasela kwe-mite esikhumbeni, esenzeka xa kukho uqhagamshelwano olusesikweni kwesikhumba nomntu onemeko. Le nto inokuthi ibe kunye nokuqhagamshelana ngesondo, kwaye ezinye iintlobo zokuthintana kwesikhumba esondeleyo kunye nexesha elide zidibaniswa nokusabalala kweentlobo (njengokuba kunjalo rhoqo kwiimeko ezixubileyo). Ukunika umntu ukukhawuleza okanye ukuxhaphaza ngokuqhelekileyo akuqhelekanga kukubeka engozini.
I-mite ayihlali ixesha elide kuneentsuku okanye ezimbini kwizinto ezingapheliyo, ngoko akunqabile ukubamba i-scabi ngokuchukumisa izinto ezidibana nomntu oye wafumana okanye uneentshaba. Nangona kunjalo, nangona kungavamile, ukulala kweembhedlele okanye iimpahla kunokubangela isifo esitsha.
I-mite ye-parasitic yinto encinci, encinci kakhulu encinci ukuba ibonwe ngeso iso. I-female mite iqhuba phantsi kwesikhumba kwaye ibeka amaqanda ama-10 ukuya kuma-25 ngaphambi kokufa. Amaqanda aphinda iintsuku ezintathu emva koko kwaye izibungu zihambela phezulu kwesikhumba. Izibungu zivuthiwe zibe ngabantu abadala kwiintsuku ezili-10 ukuya kwezi-14.
Ukuxilongwa
Isigwebo sogqirha sisoloko sisetyenziselwa ukuxilonga i-scabies , kwaye uya kuqwalasela ngokuthe ngqo ukuba kukho ukukhwabanisa okukhulu kunye nokubonakala kunye nendawo yokuhlaselwa. Mhlawumbi ngokucacileyo, ukukhawuleza kwakho kunokwenzeka ukuba ube yi-scabi xa uhlala nomntu okanye udibane nomntu onesifo.
Rash
Ukukhawuleza okubangelwa yi-scabi kubangela ukuba kufane nokufana nezinye iinqwelo. Kwakhona, i-scabies-rash iqhuma ngokuphindaphindiweyo kwi-wrists, phakathi kweminwe, kwi-armpits, ecaleni kwinqeni, nakwindawo yesini. Nangona ukukhawuleza kulezo ndawo akuqinisekisi ngokucacileyo i-scabi, into eqinisekileyo iphakamisa ithemba layo.
Ukukhawuleza kubangela iipilisi ezibomvu ngemigca emincinci ehlanganisiweyo, ebizwa ngokuba yiminyango, eyona nto ibonisa indlela yokuhamba. Ekubeni i-mite ayifuni ukuhamba kude xa iphantsi kwesikhumba, izibhokhwe zinakho okanye zingabonakali. Ukukhawuleza kunokubangela ukuvuvukala okukhulu kwesikhumba kunye ne-blisters, ubomvu, nokubetha.
Iifoto ze-Scabi zingakunika ingcamango ecacileyo yento yokutshabalalisa i-scabi ebonakala ngathi.
Uvavanyo lweNgcaciso
Azikho iimvavanyo ezifanelekileyo ezinokuthi zixilonge i-scabies, kodwa ugqirha unokucinga ukuba uhluthe isahlulo esincinci se-rash kwaye uhlolisise phantsi kwe-microscope ngeenambuzane okanye amaqanda ama-mite; isikhumba se-scaly senza iisampuli ezifanelekileyo. Ngokuqhelekileyo, nangona kunjalo, i-mite kunye namaqanda ayibonakali, nangona umntu enesifo.
Ezinye iindlela eziphambili ze-microscopic zingaphucula ubuchule bokuxilongwa.
Unyango
Ezi zikhetho zonyango zilandelayo ziyakunceda ukulahla i-scabies rash.
- I-Permethrin 5% yekremu: Ulwaphulo oluqhelekileyo lwe-line lokuqala kubantu abaninzi, kuquka nabantwana ababelekileyo nabancancisayo nabantwana abangaphezu kweenyanga ezimbini ubudala. Yisebenzise ngokukhululekileyo ukusuka phezulu entanyeni ukuya kwiindawo ezinyaweni ngexesha lokulala kwaye uhlambulule ekuseni. Kubalulekile ukwazi ukuba i-permethrin yinkqubo ekhuselekileyo yabasetyhini abakhulelweyo.
- Ivermectin: Olunye unyango kodwa alukhuthazelwanga kubantwana abanesisindo esingaphantsi kwama-33. Le myeza yomlomo isetyenziselwa ukuphatha ezinye iipasisiti. I dose esetyenzisiweyo ibalwa ngesisindo sakho, kwaye amayeza athathwa ngamanyathelo amabini, iiveki ezimbini ngaphandle. Okwangoku ayivunywanga yi-FDA yokunyangwa kwama-scabi, kodwa kukho izifundo ezibonisa ukuba ziyasebenza, kwaye iiCenters for Disease Control (CDC) zincoma ukusebenzisa kwabo abantu abangaphuculanga unyango lwe-scabi e-FDA kuvunywe.
- I-sulfur-ointment (inqamlezo yesulfure): Olunye unyango olumgangatho wesibini kubasetyhini abakhulelweyo. Isetyenziswe kwakhona njengonyango lokuqala lwezonyana ezingaphantsi kweenyanga ezimbini ubudala.
Amayeza asebenza ngokubulala izibungu, kodwa ahlala ekhumbeni ade umzimba uwaphule phantsi kwaye uwathathe. Le nkqubo inokuthabatha iiveki ezine, kwaye kuyaqhelekile ukuba i-scabi iqhubeke ibe yinto enzima kakhulu. I-steroid ye-headical isetyenziswe kwiindawo ezixhalabisayo kunye ne- antihistamines yomlomo , njenge-Benadryl (i-diphenhydramine Hcl), inokukunceda ukukhulula.
Thintelo
Njengoko kubonisiwe, indlela efanelekileyo yokukhusela i-scabi yenzelwa ukuphepha ukudibanisa okufutshane nalabo abanayo. Oko kwathiwa, amaninzi amanqaku e-scabi adluliselwa ukusuka komnye umntu ukuya kwelinye ngaphambi kokuba umntu wokuqala eyazi ukuba sele echaphazelekile.
Ukuba usondelelene nomntu oye wafumanisa ukuba uneengqungquthela, kufuneka uphathwe-nokuba ubonisa iimpawu kunye neempawu zeerabi okanye cha. Ngokuqhelekileyo, iindlu ezipheleleyo ziphathwa nangona umntu oyedwa kuphela eneengqungquthela. Ukuba umboneleli wakho wezempilo uyakhuthaza ukuphatha yonke intsapho yakho, wonke umntu kufuneka athole unyango ngexesha elifanayo.
Zonke iingubo, iibhedi, kunye neelwimi ezisetyenziswe ngumntu onesifo somhlaza kufuneka ahlambuluke ngamanzi atshisayo kwaye amiswe kwisomashi eshushu. Ubushushu obuphezulu kakhulu bubhubhisa i-mite, ukuyikhusela ukusasazeka. Ukuba awukwazi ukuhlamba izinto ezithile, unokuphepha ukudibanisa kwaye uzifake kwisikhwama seplastiki iintsuku ezintathu ukuze uzihlalutye. I-mite iyakwazi ukuhlala iinyanga malunga nomzimba womntu, kodwa kuphela iintsuku ezimbalwa kwizinto, ezenza imizamo yokunciphisa izinto ezisebenzayo ukuba zenziwe ngokufanelekileyo.
ILizwi
Ukuba unayo i-scabi, ukubetha kunye nokugqithisa kungenakukhathazeka kakhulu. Ungakwazi ukufumana ngokukhawuleza ngakumbi nangakumbi xa ufumana unyango ngokukhawuleza nje ukuba uyazi ukuba uye wavezwa, okanye ngokukhawuleza xa uqala ukufumana iimpawu okanye iimpawu zeemeko-nantoni na kuqala.
Kukho inhlamba ehambelana neengqungqungquthela, abaninzi banqatshelwe ukuba kubangelwa njani. Ukuba le nto ikukhathazayo, unokufumanisa kukunceda ukuba uphumelele malunga nokuxilongwa kwakho kunye nalawo anokuchaphazela, cacisa amanyathelo owathathayo ukukhusela izikhala ezidibeneyo, kwaye uthethe ngezinto ozifundileyo malunga nokuba kulula kangakanani inokusasazeka.
> Imithombo:
> Arlian LG, Morgan MS. Ukuhlaziywa kweSarcoptes scabiei: eyadlulayo, yangoku kunye nekamva. Vectors. 2017 Juni 20; 10 (1): 297. I-doi: 10.1186 / s13071-017-2234-1.
> CDC. Iziqholo. Izibonelelo zabasebenzi bezeMpilo, amayeza.
> Micali G, Lacarrubba F, Verzì AE, Chosidow O, Schwartz RA. I-Scabies: Intuthuko kwi-Diagnosis engeyiyo. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2016 Juni 16; 10 (6): e0004691. i-doi: 10.1371 / iphephandaba.pntd.0004691. eCollection 2016 Juni.