Yonke into ofuna ukuyifumana malunga nama-antihistamines
I-Histamine yikhemikhali evame ukuveliswa emzimbeni wakho kwaye igcinwe kwiiseli ezichanekileyo, ezifana neeseli zesistim kunye ne- basophil . Ukuba unobungozi, i-histamine ikhutshwe kule nyili kwimpendulo kwizinto ezivakalayo. I-histamine yakho ibopha kwi- receptor ye-histamine , ekhoyo kwiiseli ezahlukeneyo emzimbeni wakho kwaye iziphumo kwiimpawu eziqhekezayo ezifana nokukrazula, amehlo enamehlo , impumlo, i- hives , okanye i- anaphylaxis .
Ama-Antihistamine anemithi ekhusela i-receptor ye-histamine, ngaloo ndlela imisa iimpawu ezidalwa yi-histamine ezinjengokukrazula, impumlo ye-runny, amehlo enamehlo, kunye ne-throat.
Iindlela ezininzi eziqhelekileyo ze-Antihistamines
Ama-Antihistamines aqhelekileyo asetyenziselwa ukonyango kwezifo ezahlukahlukeneyo, kwaye unokuthathwa ngomlomo, ukuphalaza kwendoda , ukuwa kwemehlo kunye nefom yefayili. Izifo zokubulala i-antihistamines zisetyenziselwa ukuquka:
- I-Hay fever (i-rhinitis ye-allergen): I- antihistamines yomlomo omtsha, njenge-Xyzal (levocetirizine), i-Zyrtec (cetirizine), i-Allegra (i-fexofenadine), i-Clarinex (desloratadine) kunye ne-Clarinex (desloratadine), iyindlela yokwenza imiphumo emihle yokunyanga kwefiva. Ama-antihistamine amadala , njenge-diphenhydramine (i-Benadryl), i-chlorpheniramine (i-Chlor-Trimeton), kunye ne-hydroxyzine (i-Atarax), isebenza kakuhle kodwa ineempembelelo ezininzi. Ama-antihistamine omlomo asebenza kakuhle xa athatyathwa njengento efunekayo, oku kuthetha ukuba izibonakaliso zakho zokuphuza umzimba ziphucula kwisithuba seyure okanye ezimbini zokuthatha iyeza . Ama-antihistamines afumaneka njengama- sprays omnxeba wokunyanga kwe-rhinitis ye-allergen ( i-allergies ). I-antialistamine ye-Nasal iquka i-Astelin (azelastine) ne-Patanase (olopatadine). I-Corticosteroid yama-sprays yamanzi aqhelekileyo asetyenziselwa ukunyanga i-allergies. Imizekelo yalezi ziquka iRhininocort (budesonide), i-Flonase (i-fluticasone propionate), i-Nasonex (i-mometasone), kunye ne-Nasacort I-Hourry 24 I-Hour (triamcinolone).
- Ukunyameka kwamehlo: I- antihistamines yomlomo inganceda ukunyanga iimpawu zamehlo . Ziyafumaneka njengamaconsi asehlo, njenge-Optivar (azelastine), i-Emadine (emedastine), i-Visine-A (phenyramine), ne-Alaway (i-ketotifen). I-Corticosteroid iliso lamaconsi angasetyenziselwa ukunyamezela amehlo xa i-antihistamines ingasebenzi. Imizekelo ibandakanya iFlarex (i-fluorometholone), i-Alrex (i-loteprednol), kunye ne-Omnipred (prednisolone).
- I-hives (urticaria): I- antihistamines yomlomo iyona yonyango olusisiseko. Ama-antihistamines amancinci, aphantsi, anjenge- Zyrtec okanye aClaritin , atyunjwa ngaphezu kwama-antihistamines afana ne-Benadryl okanye i-Atarax. Iingqungquthela ze-antihistamine i-creams, ezikhoyo kwiindlela ezininzi ze- anti-itch anti-itch creams , akufanele zisetyenziselwe unyango lwemikoko okanye ezinye izifo zesikhumba ngenxa yokusebenzisa i-anti-antiististines kwesikhumba, njenge-Benadryl cream, ingabangela uxhumano lwe-dermatitis ngenxa kwi-antihistamine.
Ezinye iindlela zokusebenzisa ii-Antihistamines
Ama-Antihistamines aqhelekileyo asetyenziselwa unyango lwezinye iimeko ezikhuselekileyo, nangona zingenakusebenza ngendlela efanelekileyo ngayo njengento yokutya kwefiva kunye nemihlathi. Ezi meko zingabandakanya:
- Ubanda obubandayo
- Ukutshiza kwesikhumba (pruritus)
- Izilwanyana neziluma
- Ukuphendulela kwezilwanyana kumachiza
- Anaphylaxis
IiAn Anti-medistine eziqhelekileyo
I-antihistamines yomlomo eqhelekileyo iquka ezi zigaba:
- I-over-the-counter (OTC): Mhlawumbi i-antihistamine yomlomo eyaziwa kakhulu yi- Benadryl , eyindala yokulwa ne-antihistamine. Ngelixa i-Benadryl yinyango efanelekileyo yokunyangwa kweemeko ezahlukeneyo, iziphumo ezicuthayo zinciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwayo rhoqo, ngokukodwa emini. I-Benadryl, kunye nezinye i-antihistamines ezindala, ezinjengeClor-Trimeton (chlorpheniramine), ziyafumaneka i-OTC ngaphandle kwemvume. I-antihistamines emitsha, i-antihistamines engaphantsi, i-Claritin, i-Allegra ne-Zyrtec, iyafumaneka kwakhona kwi-OTC ngaphandle kwemvume. Ezi zonyango zidala ubuncwane obuncinci kwaye ngoko ke zikhethwa ngaphezu kwamaziko adala, adibanisayo.
- I-prescription kuphela: Nangona i-antihistamines edala, i-antihistamines yokudambisa ikhona i-OTC, i-Atarax isatholakala kuphela ngomyalelo. I-Atarax iyanqabile kakhulu kwaye iqheleke ngokuqhelekileyo kunyango lwezilwanyana ezinjenge-hive kunye nokutshiza. I-metabolite esebenzayo ye-Atarax, i-Zyrtec, ifumaneka kwi-OTC kwaye ibangela ukuhlalisa okuncinane. I-Xyzal ne-Clarinex, i-antihistamines emibini engaphantsi kwe-anti-anti-stistamines, isaphathwa kuphela ngumyalelo, njengoko i-Periactin (cyproheptadine).
Imiphumo emibi ye-Antihistamines
Ama-antihistamine amadala, afana ne-Benadryl kunye ne-Atarax, anesiphumo esibalulekileyo seempembelelo ze- anticholinergic , kuquka umlomo owomileyo, ukulala, ukugunjwa, intloko kunye nokugcinwa kwamanzi.
Ngenxa yemiphumo emibi yala mayeza, ngokuqhelekileyo kubonwa njengento yokuhlala esetyenziselwa ukusetyenziswa kwimihla ngemihla. Ekubeni i-antihistamine endala ingaphazamisa ukusebenza kwengqondo kunye nokusebenza kweemoto, inokunciphisa amandla akho okuqhuba izithuthi okanye umatshini okhuni. Enyanisweni, kwiindawo ezininzi, unakho ukuhlawulwa ngokuqhuba umqhubi-ngaphantsi kwe-HIV (i-DUI) ukuba usebenzisa isithuthi ngelixa uthabatha unyango olunjengeBenadryl.
Ama-antihistamines amancinci, aphantsi, anjenge-Claritin kunye neZyrtec, athambekele ekubeni nemiphumo embalwa yecalacholinergic. Nangona la ma antihistamine amasha asenokubangela ukugungqa okanye umlomo owomileyo, abazange baboniswe ukuba bachithe amandla akho okuqhuba isithuthi. U-Allegra yiyona kuphela i-antihistamine enokuthathwa njengento engeyiyo.
Ama-Antihistamines kunye noTywala
Ukongeza kwi-sedation kunye nomlomo owomileyo, i-antihistamines inokuba nefuthe elingafunekiyo legalelo lokunyusa ukutya kunye nokuzuza ubunzima . Oku kungakho ngenxa yendlela efanayo yemichiza ye-antihistamines kunye neyeza ezithile zonyango, ezifana nokuchasana nezidandlululo, ezaziwa ukuba zandise ukondla kwaye zikhokelela ekuzuzeni ubunzima.
Enyanisweni, abantu abaninzi abasebenzisa i-Xyzal babika ukwanda kwondlo kunye nokuzuza ubunzima . Ingeniso ye-Xyzal iqinisekisa ukufumana ubunzima njengempembelelo yecala eyaziwayo kodwa ivakalisa oku nje kuphela kwi-0.5 ekhulwini labantu kwiingxelo ezithatha la mayeza. Ama-antihistamine amadala, afana ne-Periactin (cyproheptadine), asetyenziswe ngenjongo yokwandisa ukondla kunye nokuzuza ubunzima kubantwana abangaphantsi kwesifo kunye nezigulane zomhlaza ezithatha i-chemotherapy.
> Umthombo:
> Abasebenzi beKliniki yabasebenzi. I-Allergy Medication: Yazi Iindlela zakho. Clinical Mayo. Ukuhlaziywa ngoJuni 6, 2017.