Mepolizumab kunye neRelizumab ye-Eosinophilic Asthma
Isifo se- asthma sisifo esiqhelekileyo esingasigxina esiphathelene nama-12 ekhulwini labemi kwaye siqheleke kakhulu eUnited States nakwamanye amazwe aseNtshona. I-asthma ibonakala ngeziqhelo eziphindaphindiweyo zokuhamba, ukukhwehlela, ukuphefumula ukuphefumula kunye nesifuba esifubeni, kunye neempawu ezivela kumnxeba okanye ophakathi kunye nobunzima bokuphila.
Abantu abane-asthma ezinzima banokuhlahla kakhulu kumgangatho wobomi kwaye banokufumana ubunzima obubangelwa yimfuneko ye- corticosteroids yomlomo , ukutyelelwa kwamagumbi okuphuthuma, kunye nezibhedlele.
Kukho inani leemfuyo ezahlukahlukeneyo ezifumanekayo ukulawula i-asthma. Ngokuqhelekileyo ezi zibandakanya i- corticosteroids , i-bronchodilator ende, kunye ne-leukotriene i-drug modifier, njenge- Singulair . Abantu abane-asthma ekhuselekileyo badinga ukusebenzisa i- Xolair . Nangona la mayeza ahlukeneyo alawulayo, nangona kunjalo, abaninzi be-asthmatics baqhubeka bexakeka ngokuphindaphindiweyo okufuna ukusetyenziswa komlomo okanye i-corticosteroids engenayo.
I-Xolair yayiyimveliso yokuqala ye-biologic ye-biologic yokufumana unyango olulinganisiweyo ukuya ku-asthma. Liyi-antioclonal antibody ejoliswe kwi- IgE . Oku kuthetha ukuba i-antibody yaveliswa kwi-laboratory echasene ne-IgE-antibody-"intshukumo yokuqala" yokuphendula. Xa isifo se-asthmatic sinezifo ezivuthayo, ezifana ne-pet dander okanye uthuli , kwaye iimpawu azilawulwa ngamachiza aqhelekileyo afana ne-corticosteroids engenayo, i-Xolair ingasetyenziselwa ukunciphisa iimpawu ze-asthma kunye namazinga okunciphisa.
Nucala kwi-Asthma
Inani lezityalo ezahlukeneyo ze-biologic asthma zisetyenziselwa ukujongana neentlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-asthma ezingaphenduliyo kwiziqhelo eziqhelekileyo okanye i-Xolair. Izidakamizwa ezimbini ze-biologic zavunywa ngasekupheleni kuka-2015 kunye neyokuqala ngo-2016 ukwenzela unyango lwe-asthma ebonakalayo ebonakaliswa ngamanani aphezulu yegazi okanye i-sposum eosinophils.
I-Nucala (mepolizumab) yi-anti-monoglonal antibody ejolise kwi-IL-5, ukubonakaliswa kweekhemikhali eyenziwa ngumzimba obangela ukuveliswa, ukukhula kunye nokusebenza kwe-eosinophil. I-Eosinophil iyingqambela zegazi ezimhlophe ezinokubangela ukulimala kwezicubu, ukuvuvukala, kunye nokunyuka kwemisipha kwimiphunga ye-asthmatics.
I-Nucala isebenza ngokuchasene nemiphumo ye-IL-5, okubangela ukuhla kwexabiso le-sputum kunye ne-eosinophil yegazi. Izifundo zokuqala kunye ne-mepolizumab zahluleka ukubonisa nayiphi na inzuzo kwezi mpawu kubantu abaninzi abane-asthma. Nangona kunjalo, abantu abane-asthma ezinzima kunye namanqanaba aphezulu e-sputum okanye i-eosinophil yegazi babonakala bephucula ngokusetyenziswa kwe-mepolizumab.
Ngokukodwa, abantu abanolu hlobo lwe-asthma bakwazi ukunciphisa umthamo wabo we-corticosteroids zomlomo ezithathwe ukulawula isifuba sabo se-asthma, ukuphucula ngokubanzi ukulawula i-asthma (impawu ezincinane ze-asthma,) kunye nokunciphisa okwexeshana okwedlula ixesha. Ezinye izifundo zibonise ukuba kukho uphuculo lomsebenzi wamaphaphu ngenkathi uthatha iNucala.
I-Nucala ibonakaliswe kunyango lwe-asthma e-eosinophilic kubantu abaneminyaka eli-12 ubudala nangaphezulu abangaphenduliyo kwizifo eziqhelekileyo zonyango. Imilinganiselo ifanayo kubo bonke abantu, kungakhathaliseki ubudala, ubunzima okanye i-eosinophil level-leyo eyi-100 milligrams ihanjiswa ngaphantsi nje ngejoza nganye kwiiveki ezine.
Imiphumo emibi yeNucala ifana neyee-injection ye-placebo, nangona kukho rhoqo ixhala le- anaphylaxis njengempembelelo yecala ngemithi ejoyiweyo ye-biologic. Isantya se-anaphylaxis yinye ipesenti zeenjini zeNucala, kodwa iipesenti ezimbini kulabo bafumana i-injection placebo. Ngoxa uNucala engenayo ibhokisi elimnyama elisixwayiso ku-anaphylaxis, abantu abafumana ijoyi ze-Nucala kufuneka bahlolwe ukuba baphendule ngethuba lexesha ngunyango oye wafumana unyango lwe-anaphylaxis.
ICinqair yeSifo se-Asthma
I-Cinqair (i-reslizumab) isebenza ngendlela efana neNucala-nayo i-anti-monoplonal antibody nge-IL-5, kodwa i-molecule ehlukileyo.
I-Cinqair yenza kwakhona ukunciphisa inani le-sputum ne-blood eosinophil, liphucula iimpawu ze-asthma kunye nomsebenzi wamaphaphu, kwaye kuncitshiswe ukugqithisa kwi-asthmatics nge-sputum ephezulu kunye ne-eosinophil yegazi. I-Cinqair ibonakala iyincedo kwiqela elincinci le-asthmatics kunye ne- polyp nasps kuba ukukhula kwe-polyp nasal kubonakala kuqhutywa yi-IL-5.
I-Cinqair iboniswe ukunyanga kwe-asthma e-eosinophilic, kubantu abaneminyaka engama-18 ubudala nangaphezulu abangaphenduliyo kwizifo eziqhelekileyo zonyango. Isilinganisi sisisiseko esisisiseko kwaye sihanjiswe njenge-infravenous infusion nganye kwiiveki ezine. Isantya se-anaphylaxis kubantu abafumana i-Cinqair yi-0.3 yeepesenti kwaye ngoko inebhokisi ebomnyama ilingiso elifanayo ne-Xolair.
> Imithombo:
> Patterson MF, uBorish L, uKennedy JL. Ixesha elidlulileyo, elikhoyo nelizayo le-Antioclonal i-IL-5 kunye ne-Eosinophilic Asthma: Ukuhlaziywa. Umbhalo we-Asthma kunye ne-Allergy. 2015; 8: 125-134.