Immunotherapy for Kids ne-Allergies-Time and Safety
I-Allergy Shots (Immunotherapy) kunye ne-Children
Abazali abaninzi banenkxalabo yokuba ukukhwabanisa kungabakhuselekanga abantwana babo. Enyanisweni, abantwana abaninzi abanokufumana ngokukhuselekileyo ukufumana izibhengezo, kodwa banokuzuza kakhulu kule ndlela yokonyango.
I-Allergy shots, okanye i-immunotherapy, iyakwazi ukuphatha okungaphezulu kwe-hayfever (i-rhinitis ye-allergen.) Ingaphinda isetyenziswe ekuphatheni i-conjunctivitis ye-allergenic (i- eyegressitis eye ) kunye ne -asthma ye-inflammatory yabantwana.
Bokuba, ngokwenene, bancede banqande ukuphuhliswa kwesifo se-asthma kubantwana abanesifo.
Kukho imiba emininzi ekufuneka uyiqwalasele ukuba ucinga ukuba umntwana wakho ufumane izibhengezo zokungabikho komzimba kwaye imibuzo eninzi ihlala. Yiyiphi iminyaka engcono kakhulu yokuba umntwana wakho abe nokuvavanya? Kwiminyaka emingakanani umntwana kufuneka aqalise ukutshatyalaliswa kwamanzi? Ngaba zikhona iingcingo okanye iingxaki ekuqaleni ukukhwabanisa xa umntwana esemncinci, okanye ngokuchaseneyo, zikhona iingenelo okanye ingozi yokulinda ade umntwana akhulile? Makhe sijonge kwiimfuno eziqhelekileyo abazali abazenzayo xa kuziwa ekutshitshweni kwamagciwane kunye nezingane zabo.
Ngabe Umntwana kufuneka ahlolwe njani i-Allergy?
Ngaphambi kokungena kwiminyaka engcono ukuqala ukutshatyalaliswa kwamanzi, kubalulekile ukuthetha malunga nokuba umntwana wakho uvivinyelwe njani ukunyamezela, njengoko le nyathelo ifika kuqala. Abazali bavame ukukholelwa ukuba ukuvavanyelwa kwabantwana kufuneka bajonge kude kube ngumntwana othile ubudala, umzekelo, iminyaka yobudala.
Oku akuyinyani, kwaye ukuhlolwa kokunciphisa umzimba kungenziwa kubantwana kwinyanga enye ubudala . Ixesha elona lifanelekileyo lokuvavanya xa ukholwa ukuba ungumthombo wempawu zomntwana wakho (nokuba i-rhinitis ye-allergen okanye i-asthma) iphakamisa ukungahambi kakuhle kwenkqubo, kwaye le minyaka iya kuba yinto eyahlukileyo kuwo wonke umntwana.
Ukubethelwa kwakho kukugqithisa kukuthetha nomntwanantso wezilwanyana okanye u-allerergist ukuze uncede uncede ulinganise le miba.
Yiyiphi Ibanga Xa Kufuneka I-Aller Shots Shots iqale?
Njengokuba uvavanyo lokunyamezela, akukho nto injalo into enjengeyincinci ukufumana izibhengezo. Oko kwathiwa, umntwana kufuneka abe ngumdala ngokwaneleyo ukuze akwazi ukuthetha nomzali okanye abasebenzi bezonyango ukuba ufumana iimpawu zendlela yokuziphendulela ekuphenduleni. Umntwana kufuneka kwakhona abe ngumdala ngokwaneleyo ukuba asebenzisane ne-allergies adubula ngokwayo, kwaye oku kuya kuhluka kumntwana ngamnye. Ukuba ukuya kwiklinikhi yokungabikho komzimba kuyamkhathaza kakhulu umntwana ukuba uyakhala kunye nokukrakra ngexesha lokutyelela, mhlawumbi umzali wakhe ekugqibeleni uyeke ukumthabatha, kwaye unyango aluyi kuphumelela.
Uninzi lweengcaphephe zokungabikho komzimba zivakalelwa kukuba ubudala apho abantwana abaninzi banokunyamezela khona ukukhwabanisa kweminyaka emihlanu ubudala. Ngaphandle kweemeko ezithile, umzekelo, xa umntwana ekhulile okanye xa kufuneke ukukhwabanisa kwamanzi, ukulinda de kube ngumntwana ubuncinane kwiminyaka emithandathu ubudala kudla ngokufanelekileyo. Kakade le nto ingahluka, abanye abantwana abanokuba baqokelele ngokwaneleyo ukunyuka kwamatye kuze kube seminyaka elinesibhozo, okanye ishumi, nokuba lishumi elinesibini. Ukuthetha oku akuthethi ukuba umntu oneminyaka eli-10 ubudala ongakhange aqokelele ngokwaneleyo ukusingatha izibhengezo zokungabikho komzimba "ngasemva" okanye ukuba ubuchule bakho bokubeleka ushiye into efunekayo.
Njengokuba kunabantwana abaninzi, abantwana bavuthiwe kwiminyaka eyahlukeneyo kunye neendlela ezahlukeneyo. Umntwana ongakhange akhule ngokwaneleyo kwi-10 ukukhwela kwamanye amazwe angakhula ngezinye iindlela ngaphandle komntwana okhulileyo ngokwaneleyo ukukhwela kwamanye amabini kwiminyaka emithandathu.
Ungayichazela njani ukuba Umntwana Wakho Ukhulile Okwaneleyo kwi-Allergy Shots?
Abanye abagulisa i-allergists baya kuncoma ukuba banike umntwana umtsalane we-saline (amanzi esetyu) ukuze abone indlela enyamezela ngayo inkqubo ngaphambi kokuba enze umntwana ukuba afune ukuhamba. Enye inkcazelo ngokuphathelele ukuba umntwana uya kunyamezela ukutshatyalaliswa kwezilwanyana ezidityanisiweyo yindlela ayenze ngayo ngokuvavanya.
Ukuba umntwana uyakhala okanye akhankanywe ngexesha lokuvavanya , akayi kuyenza kakuhle ngokutshatyalaliswa kwamagciwane.
Enye indlela yokuvavanya ukulungelelwa komntwana wakho ukuthetha naye malunga nendlela yokukhwabanisa kwemisebenzi (ngokuqinisekileyo, kwixesha elifanelekileyo elifanelekileyo.) Ukuba nombono malunga ne "whys" emva kwesibhozo kunokuncedisa abanye abantwana ukuba balungele kwangaphambili ukuba ukuqonda kwesizathu esilandelayo.
Ukhuseleko lwe-Allergy Shots kubantwana
Njengalo naluphi na uhlobo lwezonyango, impatho engafanelekiyo inokuvela ngeempawu zokungabikho komzimba. Enyanisweni, kubalulekile ukuvavanya imiphumo emibi (iziphumo ezibi) malunga neenzuzo ezinokuthi nazo nayiphi na indlela yonyango, ingaba iphilisi umntwana wakho uya kuthatha, ukukhangela njengoko kuchazwe apha, okanye nayiphi na indlela yokonyango.
Izibhamu ze-allergies zithwala ingozi ye- anaphylaxis , isifo esisongela ubomi. Noko ke, iimpendulo ezinzulu, nangona kunjalo, akunqabile, ngokude nje usebenza nomdlali onguchwepheshe oqhelekileyo oqhele ukunyanga abantwana ngokunyamezela.
Iingenelo ze-Allergy Shots kubantwana
Njengoko kuphawuliwe ngaphambili, ukongeza ekunciphiseni iimpawu zomntwana wakho, ukukhwabanisa kwamanzi kunganciphisa umngcipheko wokuphucula i-asthma. I-allergies shots inganciphisa umngcipheko wokuphuhlisa umphumo onzima kakhulu wokubandezeleka: i-anaphylaxis.
Ngaphantsi kwe-Allergy Shots (Immunotherapy) kwi-Children
Kukho iingenelo ezicacileyo kunye nobungozi bokukhwabanisa kwabantwana, kodwa ezi ziyahlukahluka ngamnye kumntwana. Kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba ubudala bomntwana kuphela abukho uphawu olufanelekileyo xa kufuneka kuqaliswe amashishini. Abanye abantwana banokufumana iingenelo ezininzi ngamacwecwe avela ebuntwaneni bodwa, kanti abanye bebebe ngcono xa belinda ukusukela kwiminyaka yobudala, okanye kamva. Ukulawulwa kwempawu kubalulekile kubantwana njengempawu ezinokuthi zibe nemiphumo emininzi ekuphuhliseni kwabo ngokomzimba, ngokomzwelo nangentlalo. Ukongezelela, ukukhwabanisa kwamanzi kunokunceda ukukhusela i-asthma ye-allergen ekuhlaleni kwabanye abantwana. Ezi zinto zimele zilinganiswe ngabanye ngokubhekiselele kwimingcipheko encinci kodwa engokoqobo yeempendulo kunye ne-anaphylaxis.
Imithombo:
Abrams, E., Szefler, S., no-A. Becker. Impembelelo ye-Asthma Therapies kwiNkalo yeNdalo ye-Asthma. Ama-Annal of Allergy, i-Asthma ad Immunology . 2016. 117 (6): 627-633.
UKliegman, uRobert M., uBonita Stanton, uSt Geme III uJoseph W., uNine Felice. Schor, uRichard E. Behrman, kunye noWaldo E. Nelson. Ncwadana yeeNzululwazi. 20 Edition. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier, 2015. Print.