Iinzuzo, iingozi kunye nokunye
Xa unyango lukwahluleka ukulawula ngokwaneleyo iimpawu zokungabikho komzimba kunye nokuphepha kwe-trigger akulula okanye kunokwenzeka, umntu ongu-allergen angancoma i-immunotherapy okanye "ukutshatyalaliswa kwamagciwane." Olu unyango luqulethe uluhlu lweenjini eziqulethe izinto ezincinci apho umntu ahlaselwa khona .
Emva kwexesha lokungabikho komzimba, ama-80 ukuya kuma-90 eepesenti zezigulane banemiqondiso embalwa yokunyamezela , kwaye kwiimeko ezininzi, ukunyamezela kwabo kuphelile.
Izibhamu ze-Allergy ziyakunikwa i-rhino-conjunctivitis ye-rhino-conjunctivitis (impumlo kunye namehlo), i-asthma ye-allergy, kunye ne-allerse sting allergies.
Sibanzi
Izibhengezo ze-allergies zinikezelwe phantse iminyaka eyi-100 kwaye ziyi-ARVs ezivunyiweyo. Izifundo ezininzi zezokwelapha ezicwangciswe kakuhle zibonisa ukuphumelela kwezibhengezo. Futhi ukukhwabanisa kwamanzi akuququzeleli i-steroids, enokuthi ibe nemiphumela emibi yexesha elide.
Ngokungafani namachiza omzimba , okwenza kuphela "ukufihla" iimpawu zokugula okanye ukuthintela okwethutyana, ukukhwabanisa ukulungelelanisa ukulungisa ingxaki ephantsi . Oku kwenzeka ngenxa yokuba umzimba uthatha ijojo enjenge-vaccine, okubangela ukuveliswa kwintsholongwane-ukulwa namachiza okulwa ne-pollen, uthuli, isikhunta okanye i- pet dander .
Umzimba ke uyeka ukuvelisa amaninzi amaninzi omzimba ngokuchasene neziphumo kwaye, ngoko ke, akayi kuba nenani elikhulu, okanye nayiphi na, impendulo yokukhusela xa ibonakaliswe kwiimpawu. Ezi zinguqu zinokudlulela iminyaka emininzi, nangona emva kokuyeka ukutshatyalaliswa kwamanzi.
Uphando olutshanje lubonisa ukuba ukukhwabanisa kwamanzi kungabathintela abantu ekuhlaleni ukunyuka kwamanzi kunye nokunciphisa umngcipheko wokuba nesifo se-asthma kubantwana abaneengxaki zomzimba.
Indlela kunye neNqanaba
Indlela ye-immunotherapy iquka ukuqala kwidayi encinci engayi kubangela ukusabela okwenyukayo, ngokunyuka ngokunyuka kweyilinganisi kuze kube yilapho umntu enyamezela enkulu yemali.
Ezi ngxube ziqale zinikezwe kabini ngeveki de ukugcinwa, okanye i-dose eqhubekayo, ifumaneka. Oku kufuthi kuthatha malunga neenyanga ezintathu ukuya ezintandathu.
Emva kokuba i-dosage yesondlo ifinyeleleka, iimpawu zokugula zixazululwe ngokubanzi kwizigulane ezininzi. Emva koko, ii-injection zinikezelwa nganye kwiiveki ezimbini ukuya kwezine.
Ubude bonyango
Ulwaphulo luqhubeka iminyaka emithathu ukuya kwemihlanu, emva koko isigulane siyaqhubeka sizuze enye iminyaka emihlanu ukuya kweyure okanye ngaphezulu, nangona emva kokuba izibhamu zivaliwe. Ukuba iibhotshi zimisiwe ngaphambi kweyonke iminyaka emithathu, iimpawu zokugula zibuyela ngokukhawuleza.
Mngcipheko
Ingozi ye-immunotherapy iquka inokwenzeka yokufumana impembelelo yokumelana nokuphefumula. Uninzi lweempembelelo zenzululwazi luquka ukuvuvukala kancinci kuya kweyomodareyitha kunye nokutshiza kwiziko le-injection.
Ezi mpendulo zenzeka ngokuphindaphindiweyo, kodwa azifuneki nantoni na utshintsho kunyango. Ukuvuvukala okukhulu kungadinga ukulungiswa kumlinganiselo we-immunotherapy okanye utshintsho kwixesha kunye nemali yezibhengezo.
Ngokungaqhelekanga, izigulane zineempembelelo zomzimba wonke , ngamanye amaxesha zibizwa ngokuba yi "anaphylaxis." Uninzi lwale mpendulo ludla kwaye luba lukhuni kwesikhumba, umquba , okanye impumlo.
Abanye banzima kakhulu kwaye bangabonakala njengengqungquthela, ukuqina kwesifuba , ukugubha, ukuqina komqala, ukutshatyalaliswa, kwaye kunqabileyo kunokusongela ubomi.
Ngenxa yesi sizathu, kuyafuneka ukuba izigulane zihlale kwiofisi yonyango i-20 ukuya kwi-30 imizuzu emva kokuba ijoyike ngenxa yokuba ininzi yeempendulo zenzeka ngeli xesha. Ezi mpendulo zibuyiselwa kalula ngamayeza, njenge- epinephrin injectable kunye nama-antihistamines.
Ukufaneleka
Kucacile ukuba, nokuba awukho umviwa we-immunotherapy ngumbuzo oza kuthi uphendule wena kunye nodokotela wakho kuphela. Oko kwathiwa, zikho izizathu ezininzi zokuqwalasela izibhengezo zokungabikho komzimba:
- Amagciwane angasebenzi -Izigulane ezininzi ziya kwi-allergerist kuba zisenayo impawu nangona ziye zazama amaninzi amachiza omzimba ongenakunqandwa yimpawu zabo. Ngamanye amaxesha ukukhwabanisa kwezilwanyana zonyango kuphela yonyango oluye lala ma gulane.
- Ingcamango "yonyango" - Ezinye izigulane ezinjengeengcamango 'zokunyanga' kwaye zikhethile izibhengezo zokungabikho komzimba ngenxa yesizathu. Khumbula, i-immunotherapy yonyango kuphela yonyango olulungisa ingxaki yesistim somzimba, ngokufana nesigontsho.
- Akunakuthandi ukuthabatha amayeza -Sinye izigulane zifumana iimiphumo ezibi kakhulu ezivela kumachiza okanye andithandi ukuthatha imichiza imihla ngemihla. Iingcamango zeprato enye-inyanga yinto engcono kubo.
- Amachiza angamaxabiso -Iimveliso zingabiza, kwaye ekubeni iimpawu zokugula zibuyele ngokukhawuleza emva kokuba imithi igqityiwe, izigulana zingadinga iimithi ezininzi, iminyaka emininzi. Izidumbu ze-Allergy zinganciphisa enkulu imfuno yonyango kwaye ingaba yindleko enkulu yokonga imali kwixesha elide.
Umthombo:
I-American Academy ye-allergies, i-Asthma kunye ne-Immunology. I-Allergen Immunotherapy Iinkqubo zeParameters. Ann Annistry Asthma Immunol. 2003; 90: S1-40.