Isikhokelo sakho sokuLawula iiNtsholongwane ngexesha lokukhulelwa
Indlela yokuLawula iAergies ngexesha lokukhulelwa
I-Rhinitis ngexesha lokukhulelwa lunokubangelwa yi -rhinitis , i-sinusitis, okanye i-rhinitis engeyiyo . Ukuba le ntokazi ibene-rhinitis ye-allergen ngaphambi kokukhulelwa, oku kungonakalisa ngakumbi, ukuhlala okufanayo, okanye ukuphucula. Olu tshintsho kwiimpawu lunokuxhomekeka kwizinto ezininzi, kubandakanywa nobukho beempawu zonyaka kunye nokunyuka kwi-hormone yokukhulelwa.
I-rhinitis engeyona ingxaki yokukhulelwa ingakho ngenxa yokunyuka kwama-hormone ekukhulelweni, okukhokelela ekudibaniseni kwamanzi, impumlo yempumlo kunye ne- post poal drip . Oku kubizwa ngokuthi "i-rhinitis yokukhulelwa". Iimpawu zinokulinganisa i-allergies, kodwa ekubeni ingabonakaliswa yendalo, musa ukuphendula kwi-anti-histamines.
Umfazi okhulelweyo ene-rhinitis unokukhathazeka ngokhuseleko lwamachiza ngexesha lokukhulelwa, ngoko ke ungaphephe ukuthatha imithi. Ukuba ukuphepha kwezinto ezivakalayo ezingenakukwazi ukuzenza okanye ukuphumelela, kunokusetyenziswa imichiza ukulawula iimpawu.
Ukuxilongwa kwe-Rhinitis ye-allergen ngexesha lokukhulelwa
Ukuvavanyelwa kwezilwanyana ezibandakanya ukuhlolwa kwesikhumba okanye ukuhlolwa kwegazi, okubizwa ngokuba yi- RAST . Ngokuqhelekileyo, ukuhlolwa kokunyuka kwesikhumba akuzange kwenziwe ngexesha lokukhulelwa, kunikwe ithuba elincane le-anaphylaxis engenzeka. I-Anaphylaxis ngexesha lokukhulelwa , xa kunzima, kungabangela ukuhla kwegazi kunye ne-oxygen kwisibeleko, mhlawumbi kungonakalisa umntwana.
Ngako oko, ukuvavanywa kokungabikho komzimba kudla ngokuphindaphindiweyo ngexesha lokukhulelwa, nangona i-RAST ingaba yindlela ekhuselekileyo ukuba iziphumo zifunekayo ngexesha lokukhulelwa.
Ukukhuselwa kweMithi yokuHlaba kweMilo ngexesha lokukhulelwa
Ngokwe-Food and Drug Administration (FDA), akukho ziyobisi ezibhekwa ngokukhuselekileyo ngokukhulelwa.
Oku kungenxa yokuba akukho mfazi okhulelwe ofuna ukutyikitya ukuze afunde ukukhuselwa kweziyobisi xa ekhulelwe. Ngoko ke, i-FDA inikezele iindidi ezinobungozi kumachiza ngokusetyenziselwa ukukhulelwa.
Inqanaba lokukhulelwa "Iyeza" zonyango apho kukho izifundo ezilungileyo kubasetyhini abakhulelweyo abonisa ukhuseleko lwamayeza kwintsuku yokuqala. Kukho imithi embalwa kakhulu kulolu hlobo, kwaye akukho mishanguzo ye-asthma. Udidi lwe "B" lwamachiza lubonisa izifundo ezikhuselekileyo zokukhusela kwizilwanyana ezikhulelweyo kodwa akukho zifundo zabantu ezikhoyo. Udidi lokukhulelwa "C" amayeza lungabangela imiphumo emibi kumntwana xa ifundwa kwizilwanyana ezikhulelweyo, kodwa izibonelelo zala mayeza zingenza isisindo sengozi ebantwini. Udidi lwe "D" lonyango lubonisa umngcipheko ocacileyo kumntwana, kodwa kukho iziganeko apho inzuzo iphezulu ngaphezu kweengozi ebantwini. Kwaye ekugqibeleni, inqanaba elithi "X" imishishini ibonisa ubungqina obucacileyo bokukhubazeka kokuzalwa kwizilwanyana kunye / okanye kwizifundo zabantu kwaye akufanele zisetyenziswe ekukhulelweni.
Ngaphambi kokuba nawaphi na amayeza athatyathwa ngexesha lokukhulelwa, ugqirha kunye nesigulane kufuneka sibe nengxubusho yengozi / inzuzo. Oku kuthetha ukuba iinzuzo zonyango kufuneka zilinganiswe ngengozi-kwaye amayeza kufuneka athathwe kuphela ukuba iinzuzo zigqithise ingozi.
Unyango lweRhinitis Ngethuba lokukhulelwa
I-salt saline . I-Rhinitis yokukhulelwa iyancipha ukungaphenduli kwi-anti-histamines okanye i-spray. Le meko ibonakala iyaphendula okwethutyana kumnyuzi wamanzi (ityuwa), ekhuselekile ukuyisebenzisa ngexesha lokukhulelwa (akuyiyo inkunkuma). I-salt saline iyatholakala kwi-counter, ayithengi, kwaye ingasetyenziselwa rhoqo njengoko ifunekayo. Ngokuqhelekileyo ama-sprays amathathu ukuya kwe-6 afakwa kwi-nostril ngayinye, ashiya i-saline ekhaleni kuze kube kwiintsuku ezingama-30, aze aphephe impumlo.
Antihistamines. Ama-antihistamine amadala, afana ne-chlorpheniramine kunye ne-tripelennamine, ngaba iinqununu ezikhethiweyo zokunyanga i-rhinitis ye-allergen ngexesha lokukhulelwa, kwaye zombini imithi ye-B.
Ama-antihistamine amatsha afana ne-over-counter-counter-loratadine (iClaritin® / Alavert® kunye neefomu eziqhelekileyo) kunye ne-cetirizine (i-Zyrtec® kunye neefomu eziqhelekileyo) nazo zikhulelwe imithi ye-B.
Abagqithisileyo. I-Pseudoephedrine (i-Sudafed®, iifom ezininzi ezininzi) i-decongestant yomlomo ekhethiweyo yokunyanga i-rhinitis ye-allergen ne-nonergic during pregnancy, nangona kufanele ikhutshwe ngexesha le-trimester yokuqala, njengoko idibene ne-gastroschisis yabantwana. Eli nyanga likhulelwe isigaba C.
Iipilisi ezixutywe ngamanzi. I-Cromolyn nasal spray (i-NasalCrom®, i-generics) inokunceda ekuphatheni i-rhinitis ye-allergen xa isetyenziswe ngaphambi kokungena kwi-allergen kwaye ngaphambi kokuqala kweempawu. Eli nyanga likhulelwe isigaba B kwaye lufumaneka kwi-counter. Ukuba le nyeza ayinakunceda, enye ye-nasal steroid, i-budesonide (i-Rhinocort Aqua®), ifumene isigaba B sokukhulelwa (zonke ezinye zididi zeC), kwaye ngoko kuya kuba yi-steroid yangasese ekhethiweyo ngexesha lokukhulelwa. I-Rhinocort yafumaneka kwi-counter-counter ngaphandle kwemvume ekuqaleni kuka-2016.
Immunotherapy. Izibhamu ze-Allergy zingagcinwa ngexesha lokukhulelwa, kodwa akukhuthazwa ukuba uqale le nyango xa ukhulelwe. Ngokuqhelekileyo umthamo we- shock allergies ayinyuswanga , kwaye abaninzi be- allergists baya kunciphisa umthamo we-allergies ezidubule ngamaphesenti ama-50 ngexesha lokukhulelwa. Abanye abagulisa i-allergists bavakalelwa kukuba ukukhwabanisa kufuneka kukhuliswe ngexesha lokukhulelwa, kunikezelwe umngcipheko we-anaphylaxis kunye nobungozi obunokuba ngumntwana. Ngaphandle kwe-anaphylaxis, akukho datha ebonisa ukuba ukungabikho komzimba kubangele ukuba yingozi kumntwana.
Imithombo:
I-Allergen Immunotherapy Iinkqubo zeParameters. Ann Annistry Asthma Immunol. 2003; 90: S1-40.
Dykewicz MS, Fineman S, abahleli. Ukuxilongwa kunye noLawulo lweRhinitis: Izikhokelo ezipheleleyo zeQela eliSebenzi eliSebenzayo kwi-Parameters yokuSebenza, i-Asthma kunye ne-Immunology.