NgoFebruwari 2010, ulawulo lwezoKutya kunye noTywala (FDA) lunike isilumkiso esongezelelweyo malunga namayeza e-asthma aqukethe i-beta-agonists (i-LABAs) esebenza ixesha elide, njenge-Advair neSymbicort. I-LABA ziye zafumaneka eUnited States ukususela kwiminyaka ye-1990 njengendlela yokulawula unyango lwe-asthma. Ngenxa yezifundo ezahlukahlukeneyo ezibonisa ukuba kungenzeka ukusebenzisana kwama-LABA kunye neempawu ze-asthma ezidlulayo (kuquka ukufa kwesifo se-asthma), i-FDA icebise ngokusetyenziswa kwe-LABAs kunyango lwe-asthma ngaphandle kokuba kuyimfuneko.
Esikhundleni sokusetyenziswa kweziyeza ze-asthma eziqulethe i-LABA, i-FDA ikhuthaza ukusetyenziswa kwamanye amayeza, ngokukodwa i- corticosteroids ekhuselweyo , njengemithi yokulawula i-asthma. Ezinye iindlela ziquka i-leukotriene blockers ezifana ne- montelukast (Singulair) , omalizumab (Xolair) kunye ne-theophylline. Amachiza e-asthma ane-LABA, kuquka i-Advair, kufuneka isetyenziswe kuphela kubantu abangalawulwa ngamanye amayeza njengoko kuchaziwe ngasentla, okanye ngokunyuka kwama- asthma okudinga ukuvakatyelwa kwamagumbi okuphuthuma, izibhedlele okanye ukusetyenziswa kwe-corticosteroids yomlomo okanye yejoyi.
Njengengcali ye-asthma, ndiyamangaliswa yi-FDA isilumkiso esitsha. Akukho datha entsha yokuxhasa isilumkiso esinjalo ukususela kwiSaziso seNtsundu seNtsundu ngaphambili esinikwe imithi yeLABA. I-FDA ibhekisela kwizifundo ezimbini ngokukodwa ezibonisa ukuba ii-LABA ziyakwandisa iimpawu ze-asthma, eziquka ukufa kwesifo se-asthma. Ezi zifundo zibini zibandakanya i-Salmeterol Multicenter Uvavanyo loPhando lwe-Asthma (SMART) kunye novavanyo lwe-Serevent Nationwide Surveillance (SNS).
I-SMART yaqhutywa ngo-1996, kunye ne-salmeterol (i-LABA) inikwe abantu abangaphezu kwama-13,000 abane-asthma. Abanye bala bantu babethatha amanye amayeza okulawula isifuba; abanye babesebenzisa kuphela i-salmeterol imihla ngemihla. Nangona i-salmeterol itholakala ngokukhuselekileyo ngokubanzi, kubonakala kubangela ukuhlaselwa kwesifo se-asthma, izibhedlele kunye nokufa kwe-asthma kubantu base-Afrika baseMerika.
Xa abathathi-nxaxheba baseAfrika kwi-SMART izifundo bavavanywa ngokukhawuleza, kwafunyanwa ukuba babe ne-asthma enzima njengeqela, kodwa babengenakunokwenzeka ukuba basebenzise ii-steroids ezingenayo ukulawula i-asthma yabo. Xa abo base-Afrika baseMelika abasebenzisa i-steroids yokukhatyathwa bavavanywa, abo bafumana i-salmeterol abazange babonakale beyongezele iingxaki ngenxa yokusetyenziswa kwayo.
Ucwaningo lwe-SNS luqhathanise imiphumo ye-double-day quote ye-LABA Serevent (salmeterol) ukuya kwii-ezine-day-day-salbutamol (i-European version ye-albuterol) ekulawuleni i-asthma kubantu abangaphezu kwama-25,000 abane-asthma. Nangona kwakukho izinga elincinci lokufa kwabangama-astmma kwiqela le-salmeterol, oku kwakunokwenzeka ngenxa yokuba kungenangxaki kwaye kwakungekho ngaphandle kwesixa esilindelekileyo sokufa kwabemi kulobu buninzi be-asthma enkulu. Olu pho nonongo lupapashwe ngo-1993, kunye neziphumo ezifumanekayo kwi-FDA phambi kwe-LABAs ezivunyelwe ukusetyenziswa e-United States.
I-LABAsisigqirha esasetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo kunyango lwe-asthma kwiminyaka eyi-15 okanye ngaphezulu e-United States. Nangona zifundo ezingentla kunye nenkxalabo ebonakalayo yi-FDA, inani lokufa kwe-asthma liye lahla ekudlulileyo kwiminyaka eli-10 okanye ngaphezulu.
Ngaba kufuneka uthathe imithi ye-asthma ene-LABA, njenge-Advair okanye i-Symbicort? Nguwe kuphela ugqirha wakho onokwenza isigqibo. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba uthatha i-LABA, ingcinga efanelekileyo ukubona ugqirha wakho ukuba axoxe ngeengozi kunye neenzuzo zala mayeza. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba ungavumi ukuthatha nayiphi na imithi yonyango, kuquka i-LABAs, ngaphambi kokuthetha nodokotela wakho.
Funda kabanzi malunga neengozi kunye neenzuzo zokusebenzisa i-Advair .
> Imithombo:
> Nelson HS, Weiss ST, uBleeker ER, et al. I-Salmeterol Multicenter Uvavanyo loPhando lwe-Asthma. Esifubeni. 2006: 129: 15-26.
> Nelson HS. I-Beta edala-i-Agonists kwi-Asthma yabantu abadala: Ubungqina bokuthi ezi Ziyobisi zikhuselekile. I-Primary Primary Respiratory Care Journal. 2006; 15: 271-77.
> I-Castle W, i-Fuller R, iHolo J, i-Palmer J. I-Serevent kazwelonke UkuPhononongwa ngokuPhezulu: Ukuthelekiswa kwe-Salmeterol kunye neSalbutamol kwizigulane ze-Asthmatic ezifuna rhoqo i-Bronchodilator Treatment. BMJ. 1993; 306: 1034-7.