Ama-Antihistamines aqhelekileyo asetyenziswe imishanguzo yokwelashwa kwe -rhinitis , kunye nezinye iingxaki zezokwelapha ezifana nokulala, isisonguluko kunye nokuhlanza, ukugula kwesisu kunye nesisu. La mayeza aqhelekileyo asetyenziswa ngexesha lokukhulelwa, amaninzi ama-antihistamine anesigaba sokukhulelwa kweB b , kunye nokuba ininzi yama-antihistamine ayatholakala kwi-counter-counter (i-OTC) ngaphandle kwemvume.
Ngako ke, ngelixa ngokuqhelekileyo kuthathwa ngokuba "ukhuselekile" ngexesha lokukhulelwa, kukho imibutho yamandulo edlulileyo phakathi kwabesifazane abakhulelweyo abathatha i-antihistamines ngexesha lokuqala kwee-trimester kunye neziphene zokuzalwa ezahlukeneyo.
Ubuhlobo obunokwenzeka phakathi kwama-Antihistamines kunye noLwahlulo lokuzalwa
Amanyano phakathi kwama-antihistamines athathwe ngexesha lokuqala lokukhulelwa kwaye ezinye iziphene zokuzalwa ziquka:
- I-Diphenhydramine (i-Benadryl) : Umlomo ococekileyo kunye ne-palate , i-neural tube tubects, iSpina Bifida , iziphene zokunciphisa izitho , i- gastroschisis .
- Loratadine (Claritin)) : Hypospadias .
- I-Chlorpheniramine (i-Chlor-Trimeton)) : Iziphene zamehlo, iziphene zendlebe, uSpina Bifida, umlomo womlenze kunye ne-palate.
- I-Doxylamine (Unisom)) : Umlomo we-Cleft kunye ne-cleft palate, i-pyloric stenosis, i-hypoplastic ye-heart syndrome, i-spina Bifida kunye neempembelelo ze-neural tube.
Ngenxa yokuba malunga ne-15% yabasetyhini abakhulelweyo babika ukuthatha i-antihistamine ngethuba lokuqala lokuqala, iqela labaphandi baseBoston, eMassachusetts naseSingapore bafuna ukufumana ukhuseleko lwe-antihistamines ezithathwe ngexesha lokuqala lokukhulelwa.
Abaphandi bavavanya idatha eqokelelelwe kwiminyaka engama-12 ubudala, ukususela ngo-1998 ukuya ku-2010, kwiintsana ezingama-13,000 ezithwala iziphoso zokuzalwa, kwaye zithelekisa kunye neentsana ezingama-7 000 ezingenasiphako sokuzalwa. Phantse i-14% yazo zonke iintsana ziye zavezwa kwii-antihistamines ezahlukahlukeneyo umama ezithatha ngexesha lokuqala lokukhulelwa.
Amanye ama-antihistamines, afana no-Benadryl kunye noClaritin, anyuke ngexesha lokukhulelwa ngethuba leminyaka, ngelixa ukusetyenziswa kwamanye ama-antihistamines, afana neChlor-Trimeton ne-Unisom sehlile.
Ngaba i-Antihistamines ithathwa njengekhuselekile ngexesha lokukhulelwa?
Idata ekule sifundo ikhuthaza kakhulu ukuba i-antihistamines ngokuqhelekileyo ithathwa njengekhuselekile ngexesha lokukhulelwa. Imibutho yangaphambili phakathi kokusetyenziswa kwe-antihistamine ngexesha lokuqala kwee-trimester kunye neziphene zokuzalwa akuqinisekanga kulolu cwaningo. Nangona kunjalo, kwizame zokuvavanya umngcipheko wokuphuhlisa ezinye iziphoso zokuzalwa eziqhelekileyo, abaphandi bafumene ubudlelwane phakathi kokusetyenziswa kweClor-Trimeton kunye naluphi na ukukhubazeka kwesibhubhe se-neural kunye neentsholongwane zeentliziyo ezinokuzalwa. Kwakukho nobudlelwane phakathi kokusetyenziswa kweBenadryl kunye nolunye uhlobo lwesifo senhliziyo esisenyameni ( ukuguqulwa kweemibhobho enkulu ). Nangona kunjalo, abalobi baqaphele ukuba baxelele ukuba ezi ziingcinga kuphela ezifuna ukuqhutyelwa phambili.
Ngoko ke, nangona kungekho nto injalo njengemveliso ekhuselekileyo ngexesha lokukhulelwa, ubudlelwane obudlulileyo phakathi kokusetyenziswa kwe-antihistamine ngexesha lokuqala kwee-trimester kunye neziphene zokuzalwa akuqinisekanga kwiphononongo enkulu yakutshanje. Nangona amaninzi ama-antihistamine ayatholakala ngaphandle kwe-OTC ngaphandle kwemvume, abafazi abakhulelweyo kufuneka bafune iingcebiso zonyango ngaphambi kokuba bathathe nawaphi na amayeza, ingakumbi ngexesha lokuqala lokukhulelwa.
Nawaphi na amayeza athatywayo ngexesha lokukhulelwa, athatyathwa kakuhle kwixesha elincinci, kwaye kwisebe eliphantsi kakhulu elisebenzayo ukunyanga iimpawu. Inzuzo yokuthatha nayiphi na imithi kufuneka ilinganiswe ngengozi yokungathathi iyeza.
> Imithombo:
> Li Q et al. Uvavanyo lwe-Antihistamine Ukusetyenziswa ekukhulelweni kwasekuqaleni kunye nasezikhuselweni zokuzalwa. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2013; 1: 666-74.
> Honein MA, et al. Ukhuseleko okanye Umngcipheko we-Antihistamine Usetyenziso lokukhulelwa: Ukuqinisekiswa kwedatha kuyakunceda kodwa ayinelisekile. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2013: 1: 675-6.