Iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeCleft Palates

I-palate ye-palate yinto eqhelekileyo yokukhubazeka ebusweni ebusweni beeplastiki . I-palate ye-cleft iboniswe ngengoko ephahleni lomlomo.

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Uluphi Uluhlu Lwempahla?

I-cleft palate ikhula emntwaneni xa ama-half half of palate ahlanganisani kwaye adibanise phakathi. Kwiimeko ezininzi, kukho umlomo ocacileyo. I-flaft palate ibangela iingxaki ngokuphuhliswa kwamazinyo, intetho, ukuva , ukutya nokusela. Umntwana unokufumana amaqabunga amaninzi, aphethwe ngamanzi ezindlebeni, emqaleni, kunye neengxaki kunye neetoniid.

I-palate ye-cleft ihluke kumlomo ocacileyo . Umlomo ococekileyo uthinta umlomo ophezulu, kanti i-palate ye-cleft ithinta uphahla lomlomo. Akunabo bonke abantu abane-palate ye-palate abanomlomo ococekileyo, kwaye akubona bonke abantu abane-palate ene-cleft. Kunokwenzeka ukuba umntu abe nomlomo ococekileyo kunye ne-palate palate.

Kule nqaku, uya kufunda ukuba i-palate evamile ibonakala njani. Uya kufunda kwakhona malunga neentlobo ezahlukeneyo zokuhlutha izilwanyana - zizaliswe ngokungahambisani. Ukugqiba kubonisa ukuba ukucoca kwintlungu kubandakanya ubude bomlenze. Intlungu engaphelelanga iquka kuphela inxalenye yecala. I-palate ye-cleft inokuthi ibe yindawo engabandakanyiyo okanye i- bilateral . I-Unilateral ithetha ilungu linomkhonto kwelinye icala. Ukutshatyalaliswa kwintetho kuthetha ukuba kukho i-cleft emacaleni omabini omlenze.

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I-palate yeAnatomy

Ukuqonda ukuba i-palate evamile ibukeka njani kunokukunceda uqonde kangcono isifo se-palate.

• I-Mucosa: I-mucosa yi-tissue emanzi, e-pinki eyenza ngaphakathi kwiindawo ezithile zomzimba. Ibeka impumlo, umlomo, imiphunga, kunye namaphecana okugaya kunye nokutya.
• I-Palate ekhuni: I-palate enzima yincinci yephahla yomlomo. Yenza inxalenye yangaphambili yelungu. Lingaphambi kwelungu elithambileyo. Awuyiboni ithambo xa uvula umlomo wakho ngoba ihlanganiswe yi-mucosa. Ngolwimi lwakho okanye ngomnwe wakho, unokuziva xa i-palate ishintshe ukusuka kanzima ukuya kulula.

  Isalathiso esinzima sihlukanisa umlomo ukusuka ekhaleni. Ngaphandle kwenkathazo enzima, kukho ukunxibelelana phakathi kwesigxina somlomo kunye nesigxobo somlomo. Olu nxibelelwano phakathi kwababini lwenza intetho, ukutya, nokusela kunzima. Isalathiso esinzima sigcina ukutya ekukhuphukeni ekhaleni. Ubunzima obunzima kubalulekile ukuthetha njengoko kugcina umoya uphuma ngaphandle kwempumlo endaweni yomlomo.

• I-Palate e-soft: I-palate esithambileyo inxalenye engaphantsi kwenyama. Ukuba uqhuba ulwimi lwakho phambi kophahla lomlomo wakho ngasemva, unokuziva xa i-palate enzima iba yincinci. Ukuba uvula umlomo wakho kwaye uthathe umoya ophefumlelweyo, uya kubona ukuphakama kwakho kwincinci. Isalathisi esithambileyo sinyuka senyuka ngenxa yezenzo zezihlunu kwintlungu.

  Xa kukho isicatshulwa kwisisu somlenze, ayisebenzi kwaye intetho ayinakunceda. Ngokukodwa, intetho iyanzima ukuyiqonda ngenxa yokuba umoya uphuma ekhaleni esikhundleni somlomo. Ukongezelela, kuba i-palate esithambileyo iphosa ukutya kumqolo womqala xa umntu eginya, ukutya kunzima kakhulu kwizigulane ezinomlenze we-palate.

• Uvula: I-uvula iyinxalenye yesalathisi esithambileyo esilungele ngaphakathi phakathi emlonyeni. Kwabanye abantu, kuchazwe kakuhle. Abanye banokuba nelincinci okanye abanakho.
• I-Alveolar Ridge: I-ridge ye-alveolar yaziwa nangokuthi "i-arch arch" okanye "iigama." I-ridge ye-alveolar yilapho amazinyo ephuma khona. Kukho umgca we-alveolar ophezulu kunye nomgca we-alveolar ephantsi.
• Inqanaba eliphambili: Inxalenye enkulu yelungu liyinxalenye yelungu phambi kwe-foramen engabonakaliyo. Iquka isahlulo sangaphambili sesinzima esinzima kwaye sinomzimba onxantathu. Kwakhona ziquka ezine ezinezinyathelo zangaphakathi eziphambili kunye ne-alveolar ridge.
• I-Palate yesiSekondari: I-palate yesibini iyinxalenye engemva yesalathisi esinzima (isabelo emva kwe-foramen engumngcipheko), kubandakanywa ne-posterior alveolar ridge, kunye ne-palate epholileyo kwaye uvula.
• I-Incisive Foramen: I-foram incisive isakhiwo esahlukanisa i-palate eyona nto evela kwi-palate yesibili. Kuvuleleka kwi-bony palate apho imithwalo yegazi kunye neentsholongwane zokudlula kwintlungu. Ngoku ngqo emva kwamazinyo amabini angaphambili. Ngentlungu engenamachule, i-foramen engabonakaliyo ayikwazi ukubonwa njengoko ihlanganiswe yi-mucosa yesalathisi.

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Uluhlu lwePlate Palate

Abagqirha beplastiki bahlukanisa imfumba ngokubandakanyeka kwabo kwilungu lokuqala, i-palate yesibili, okanye zombini. I-Cleft palate izikhokelo ze-plastiki, ugqirha wamazinyo, u-otolaryngologist, ugqirha wolwimi, kunye namanye amalungu e "Team Team" ekwenzeni isicwangciso socwangciso esifanelekileyo. Nangona kunjalo, kungase kube lula ukucinga ngokucoca kwelungu njengokuthi "uzalise" okanye "awuzalanga."

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Gcwalisa i-Cleft Palate

Uluhlu "olupheleleyo" luquka zonke iipalates eziziiprayimari neziphambili. Iyakwandisa ukusuka kwi-uvula yonke indlela ukuya kwi-alveolar ridge. Iquka intlungu yesibini kunye nesondlo sesibini.

I-palate epheleleyo ye-cleft ingabandakanywa kunye okanye i-bilateral. Ukuba i-palate ye-cleft iphakathi, zombini macala angagqibezela, okanye elinye icala lingagqibeka kwaye elinye icala lingaphelelanga.

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I-pallet Cleft Palate

Umqhawulo ongaphelelanga uqala emva kwentyatyambo kunye nokuvula kwaye uqhubeke phambili. Inokuthi okanye ayikwazi ukufikelela kwi-foramen engabonakaliyo. Ngendlela elula, iquka kuphela i-palate yesibili njengoko ingenayo yonke indlela eya phambili yokufaka i-alveolar ridge. Ubungakanani obucwangcisiweyo obuya kunyukela phambili kwi-uvula bubonakala bunzima obubonakalayo. Nangona kunjalo, nayiphi na isantya sokunyuselwa kwintlungu sinokuchaphazela ukuphuhlisa intetho. Iindidi ezahlukileyo ze-cleft palates zilandelayo:

• I-Bifid Uvula: Iyona minye imicebo engaphelelanga ebonakalayo, i-bifid uvula iyona nto ixhaphakileyo ye-palatal. Kukwabizwa ngokuba "ukucima ukuvula." I-unidid uvula ibonakala njengokuqhekeka okanye ukukhahlela. Inokuba yinto enqabileyo, ibonakaliswe kuphela ngotshintshi encinci, okanye i-uvula ingabonakala njengezimbini ezihlukeneyo. I-bifid uvula ngaphakathi kwaye ayiyiyo ingxaki. Oku kwenzeka kwi-2 pesenti yabemi. Nangona kunjalo, ngokuqhelekileyo, i-bifid uvula iyinkcazo ye-cleft submucosal.
• Ucoceko lwe-Submucosal: I-cleft submucosal yi-cleft ephantsi kwe-mucosa ebeka uphahla lomlomo-ke igama elithi "ngaphantsi." Ngenxa yokuba umcengezi ophantsi ungaphantsi kwe-mucosa, isibonakaliso sokuphela kwendawo esingaba nayo sinokuba yi-bifid uvula . Nangona kungabonakali ebusweni, izihlunu zesalathisi azihlanganisi kwi-midline kwi-cleft submucosal. Oku kudala ukungakwazi ukuhambisa i-palate kwezinye izandi zentetho. Ngenxa yoko, i-clem subsucosal idla ngoxilongwe xa umntwana ekhulisa intetho engavamile kwaye i-bifid uvula ikhoyo.
• I-soft Palate Cleft: I-cleft ye-palate epholileyo iphuma kwi-tip of the uvula kwaye iyeka phambi okanye kwikhonkco yelinen elithambileyo nelinzima. Akukhona nje kuphela into ebonakalayo ngakumbi ekubonakaleni kwayo kunesicatshulwa esincinci, idala iingxaki ezifanayo zentetho njengesiqhelo esincinci. Izibhenqo ezinzima kakhulu (ezinde) ezincinci zifunyanwa ngexesha lokuzalwa ngenxa yobunzima bokutya. Ukucoca kwelungu kwenza kube nzima ukuba usana ludale isalathiso esisemlonyeni ngomlenze. Ngenxa yoko, umntwana usenokungakwazi ukunamathela. Ukucoca kwintsimbi encinci okanye emfutshane kunokuba kungabonakali iimpawu ekuzalweni okanye kunokuzibonakalisa njengento yokucoca ngamanzi okanye ukutya.
• I-Soft and Hard Palate Cleft: Uluhlu olubandakanya zombini olulukhuni noluthambileyo luya kufaka yonke i-palate ethambileyo kunye nayiphi na inxalenye yenkathazo enzima ukuya kwi-foramen engabonakaliyo. Ifom echaphazelekayo ibandakanya yonke i-palate yesibini, ibonwa njengengxolo kwi palate ukusuka kwinqonga le-open to theen. Lo ngowona mkhulu kakhulu weeflethi ezingaphelelanga. Efana nezicumba ezicwangcisiweyo eziqhelekileyo, i-cleft edibeneyo kunye neyobunzima yintsimbi ibonakala ngokuzalwa ngexesha lokuzalwa ngenxa yeengxaki zokutya. Uphuhliso lwentetho luya kuphazamiseka.

_Imithombo:

_{I-Boutros SG, iCatching C. Cleft Palate. Ku: McCarthy JG, RD Galiano, Boutros SG, eds. Ulwaphulo lwangoku kwi-Plastic Surgery, 1st Ed. Philadelphia: Elsevier, Inc, 2006.}

_{Gosman, AA. I-Cleft Palate. Ku: Janis HAYI. Izinto ezibalulekileyo zoPhengophi lwePlastiki. USt. Louis: Quality Medical Publishing, Inc., 2007.}

_{RA Hopper, Cutting C, Grayson B. Cleft Lip kunye nePalate. Ku: I-Thorne CH, i-Beasely RW, i-Aston SJ, i-Bartlett SP, i-Gurtner GC, i-Spear S, i-eds. I-Grabb ne-Smith's Plastic Surgery, ngomhla we-6. Philadelphia: Lippincott, 2007.}