Ukulahleka kokuphulaphulwa yinkalo yesithathu exhaphakileyo yimeko echaphazela abantu abadala. Umdala ukhona, mhlawumbi uya kuba nokulahlekelwa kwindlebe. Ukulahlekelwa kwindlebe ekunciphiseni kuxhomekeke kakhulu kwizinga elithile lokulahlekelwa kweendlebe ozifumanayo.
Amagatya okulahlekelwa kweendlebe asekelwe kwiziphumo zokuvavanya i-audiology. Ukuva kwakho kukuqwalaselwa ngokuqhelekileyo ukuba unako ukuva izandi eziyi-15 ze-decibel okanye ngaphantsi.
Ukunciphisa ukulahlekelwa kwindlebe kuhlulwa njengekhono lokuva izandi kwi-decibel ezi-16 ukuya kuma-25, ukulahlekelwa kwindlebe ebonakalayo njengokukwazi ukuva ii-decibel ezingama-26 ukuya kuma-40, ukulahlekelwa kweendlebe ezilinganisiweyo zikwazi ukuva izandi ze-decibel ezingama-41 ukuya kuma-55, ezinzima ngokwemali njengama-56 ukuya kwii-70 ze-decibel, ukulahlekelwa kwindlebe enkulu njengama-decibel angama-71 ukuya kuma-90, kwaye ukulahlekelwa kwindlebe ephakamileyo ibekwa nje kuphela ukukwazi ukuva izandi ezingaphezulu kwama-91 decibel.
Eli nqaku liza kuthetha ngeentlobo ezahlukeneyo zokulahlekelwa kwindlebe kunye nento onokuyilindela ngokubhekisele ekukhawulezeni kokulahlekelwa kwintetho.
Ukuva Ukuvala Kulula
Igama elithi "ukulahlekelwa kwindlebe elula" inokuthi ilahlekise kwaye ibe yinto ephosakeleyo njengoko ithetha ukuba le mqathango ayikhubaza. Nangona amava omntu obhekana nokulahlekelwa kwindlebe ekhethekileyo eya kuba yedwa kuye, abantu abaninzi banenkathazo yokuqonda intetho nangaloo mpahla yokulahlekelwa kwindlebe. Unokuzifumana uhlala ucela abanye abantu ukuba bakuphindezele.
Ingxolo yengemuva okanye ezinye izibonakaliso ezikhuphisanayo ziza kuphazamisa ukwazi kwakho ukuqonda intetho.
Abantu abanokulahlekelwa kwindlebe ekuncinciweyo abayi kuba neengxaki zokuva ezinye izandi ngelixa ezinye izandi zineengxaki. Ngokukodwa izandi ezilandelayo zinokuba nzima ukuva ngomntu onalesi sifo sokulahlekelwa kwindlebe: / f /, / s /, / th /, and / k /.
Unokufumanisa ukuba kufuneka uphulaphule umabonwakude okanye umculo kumqulu ophezulu kunabantu abakujikelezile. Abantu abanokulahlekelwa kwindlebe encinci banokuva nokunyuka kokuphulaphula ukuphulaphula. Ukumamela ukukhathala yimeko eyenzekayo kuba abantu abanokulahlekelwa kwindlebe kufuneka basebenze nzima ukuqonda nokulandela iingxoxo.
Iimpawu zee-degrees zokulahlekelwa kwindlebe ziya kuba nzima xa ukulahlekelwa kweendlebe kuthintela iindlebe zombini kunokuba linye icala. Uninzi lwabantu abanokuphulukana kwendlebe ephantsi kwindlebe eyodwa kuphela banakho ukuhlawula kakuhle.
Nangona kukho le mingeni, amaninzi amaninzi ekulahlekelwa kwindlebe ephantsi kwaye ayengabonwa. Abantu abanokulahlekelwa kwindlebe ephantsi bahlala bephezulu, kodwa ukuphulaphula ukuvavanya ngokusebenzisa ukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo zokuvalelwa kungasenza ngcono izinga lobomi.
Iingcali ezinokuba luncedo ekuphononongeni nasekuphatheni ukulahlekelwa kwindlebe elula zibandakanya oogqirha abaqhelekileyo, otolaryngologists (indlebe, impumlo, kunye noogqirha).
Ukuphulukana okuLungileyo kunye nokuLungeleka okuPhezulu
Eli candelo libandakanya abantu abaphila ngokulahlekelwa kwindlebe kwi-41 kuya kwi-70 ye-decibel. Abantu abaneli nqanaba lokulahlekelwa kwindlebe bafumana kunzima ukuphulaphula izandi ezivakalayo. Ingxoxo eqhelekileyo ingama-decibel angama-60.
Mhlawumbi uya kufumana ukuba ufanele uphulaphule umabonwakude okanye umculo kumqulu ophakamileyo kunabanye bakho osapho okanye ngabahlobo bakho. Unokuthi ube nobunzima bokuqonda intetho kwaye mhlawumbi uya kuba nokunyamezela ukuphulaphula. Le miba yokuvalelwa ikhuliswa phambi kwengxolo yangemuva. Eli nqanaba lokulahlekelwa kwindlebe lingonakalisa amandla omntu wokuphumelela kwezobugcisa kunye nokusebenza kwentlalo, kwaye ibenokubangela ukuba uzive wedwa kunye noxinzelelo xa ungashiywanga.
Unyango lwaluphi na izinga lokulahlekelwa kweendleko luxhomekeke kwisisombululo esisisiseko. Ukuba ukulahlekelwa kwindlebe ayikwazi ukuguqulwa abantu okanye abagulayo abanomlinganiselo othethelekileyo wokuphulukana nokuvalelwa kwindlebe ngokuqhelekileyo banokuzuza ngokusebenzisa izixhobo zokuvalelwa okanye ezinye izixhobo zokukhulisa izandi .
Ukunyamekela kwiNkcazo yokuLawula
Ukulahleka kokuphulaphulwa kule nkalo kubonakala kunzima ngaphandle kwonyango. Abantu abanokulahlekelwa kweentlekele ezivakalayo abakwazi ukuva izandi ezingezantsi kwe-70 decibels. Abantu abanokulahlekelwa kwindlebe evanzulu abakwazi ukuva izandi ezingezantsi malunga nama-decibel angama-90. Ukukunika ingcamango engcono yintoni oku kuthetha ngayo, nantsi ezinye izandi eziqhelekileyo kunye nama-decibel alinganiselwayo:
- I-traffic traffic, i-vacuum cleaner, okanye iwashi ye-alamu i-decibel ayi-70.
- Ummisi womlilo, i-kitchen blender, okanye iprojector yokutya i-80-90 decibels.
- Isitimela okanye isithuthuthu esiphambukayo malunga nama-decibel angama-90.
Abantu abanesifo esinzulu kwilahleko yokuva indlebe baneengxaki zokuthetha nokuthetha nabanye. Izakhono ezinjengolwimi lwezandla okanye ukufundwa komlomo kungakunceda ekunxibelelaniseni abantu abadala kunye nabantwana abanomdla wokuba belahlekelwe yindlebe.
Izixhobo ezivakalayo zokuva iindlebe okanye izixhobo zokukhulisa izandi zinokuba luncedo kubantu abathile abaneentlungu ezinzulu okanye ezinzulu zokulahlekelwa kweendlebe, (ngakumbi kulabo abaneentlupheko zokuvavanya kakhulu), kodwa kubantu abaninzi abanalo phulo lokulahlekelwa kwindlebe, kufuneka unyango olungaphezulu. Ngokuxhomekeke kwintlobo yokulahlekelwa kwintetho onayo, ukufakelwa kwe-cochlear kuyindlela yokonyango kubantu abaninzi abanomdla wokulahlekelwa kwindlebe.
Ukufakela i-cochlear isicatshulwa esisetyenzisiweyo esineziqendu ezimbini. Kukho inxalenye yangaphakathi kunye nxalenye yangaphandle. Esi sixhobo sonyango siphumelele isahlulo se-indlebe yakho esonakalisiweyo kwaye sishukumise ngokuthe ngqo i-nervitive auditor.
Ukulandela ukufakelwa kokugqitywa kwe-implant cochlear, kukho inkqubo yokuvuselela . Ngeli xesha ufanele ufunde ukuva ne-cochlear implant and work with a audiologist, ngubani oya kwenza utshintsho oluqhelekileyo kwisixhobo sakho (esibizwa ngokuba yimephu). Ukusebenzisa ukufakelwa kwe-cochlear akufani nokusebenzisa uncedo lokuphulaphula okanye isandi sokukhulisa isandi, kufuneka ufunde ukuvakala izandi ngendlela entsha.
Abantu abangaphezu kwe-188,000 bafumene izimpembelelo ze-cochlear. Ukuphuculwa rhoqo kwenziwa kwezi zixhobo kwaye banyuse umgangatho wobomi kumawaka abantu abanobunzima bokulahlekelwa kwindlebe. Nangona kunjalo, ii-cochlear izixhobo azikho wonke umntu. Ukuba ucinga ukuba unokuzuza kwi-implant cochlear, xela ugqirha wakho.
> Imithombo:
> Implantshi yeCchlear. I-Association of Losing Association of America. Ufikelele ngoNovemba 29, 2017 > http://www.hearingloss.org/content/cochlear- implants
> I-Degree of Hearing Loss. IWebhu ye-Intetho ye-American Speech-Hearing-Association. https://www.asha.org/public/hearing/UkuGcina-Uku-
> Ukuphulaphulwa kokuLawula. IWebhusayithi yokuLawula impilo. Ukuhlaziywa ngoMeyi 10, 2017 https://www.healthyhearing.com/help/hearing-loss/treatment
> Memeza. IWebhu ye-Intetho ye-American Speech-Hearing-Association. https://www.asha.org/public/hearing/Noise/
> Ziziphi ezinye iingcamango eziqhelekileyo zokuphulaphula ngokuthe tye? I-Audiology Online. Ukuhlaziywa kweDisemba 2013. https://www.audiologyonline.com/ask-the-experts/yinto-