Ngeminyaka emihlanu ubudala, phantse wonke umntwana uye wafumana ubuncinane isiqhelo esisodwa sentsholongwane yindlebe ephakathi. Uninzi lwezifo ezithembekileyo zithendulela ngokwazo (intsholongwane) okanye ziphathwa ngokuthe ngqo nge-antibiotic (ibhaktheriya). Kodwa ngamanye amaxesha, izifo zentsholongwane kunye / okanye i-fluid kwiindlebe eziphakathi zingaba yingxaki engapheliyo ekhokelela kwezinye iimeko ezifana nokulahlekelwa kwintetho, ukuziphatha, kunye neengxaki.
Kule meko, ukufakwa kwiphubhu yendlebe nge-otolaryngologist (indlebe, impumlo kunye nomgudu we-throat) kunokuqwalaselwa.
Iibhubhu zendlebe ziyi-cylinders ezincinci ezifakwe kwi-eardrum (i-membrane ye-tympanic) ukuvumela umoya ukuba ube phakathi kweendlebe. Kananjalo nazo zingabizwa ngokuba yi-tympanostomy tubes, i-myringotomy tubes, ii-tubes zomoya, okanye i-PE (i-equalization pressure).
Ezi ziphulo zingenziwa ngeplastiki, isinyithi, okanye i-Teflon kwaye ingaba neengubo ezijoliswe ekunciphiseni intsholongwane. Kukho ezimbini iintlobo ezisisiseko zezigubhu zendlebe: elifutshane nexesha elide. Iibhubhu ezifutshane zincinci kwaye zihlala zihlala kwiinyanga ezintandathu ukuya kunyaka ngaphambi kokuba zivele zodwa. Iibhulo zesikhathi eside zikhulu kwaye zineentlobo ezizikhuselekileyo kwindawo ede. Iibhulo ezide zingaphumela ngaphandle, kodwa ukususwa ngu-otolaryngologist kudla ngokuyimfuneko.
Iibhubhu zendlebe zicetyiswa xa umntu ejongene nokusuleleka kwintsholongwane yeendlebe esiphakathi (i-otitis media media) okanye ukulahlekelwa kwindlebe kubangelwe ukuba kukho ukuqhubeka okukhoyo kwindlebe yamanzi (i-otitis media kunye ne-effusion).
Le meko ixhaphake kakhulu kubantwana, kodwa iyakwenzeka nakwishumi nakubantu abadala kwaye inokukhokelela kwingxaki kunye neengxaki zokulinganisela, ukulahlekelwa kwindlebe, okanye utshintsho kwisakhiwo se-eardrum. Ezinye iimeko eziqhelekanga ezingagunyazisiyo ukubeka i-ear tubes ziyi-malard ye-eardrum okanye i-Eustachian tube, i- Down Syndrome , i- palate ye-palate kunye ne- barotrauma (ukulimala kwindlebe ephakathi kubangelwa ukunciphisa uxinzelelo lomoya) ukudayiva emanzini.
Unyaka ngamnye, ukuhlinzwa okwenziwa kwesibalo se- ear ear million kwenzelwe abantwana, okwenza kube yinto eqhubelekileyo yokuhlinzwa kwabantwana kunye ne-anesthesia. Umyinge weminyaka ye-tube insertion ye-ear is one to three years old. Ukufaka ii-tubes zendlebe kunoku:
- ukunciphisa umngcipheko wokusuleleka kwindlebe
- ukubuyisela ukulahlekelwa kwindlebe okubangelwa yindlebe ephakathi
- ukuphucula iingxaki zentetho kunye neengxaki zokulinganisela, kunye
- ukuphucula ukuziphatha kunye neengxaki zokulala ezibangelwa izifo ezingapheliyo.
Iibhubhu zendlebe zifakwe kwinkqubo yokugulisa isigulane ebizwa ngokuthi i- myringotomy . I-myringotomy ibhekisele kwisicatshulwa (umgodi) kwi-eardrum okanye kwi-membrane ye-tympanic. Oku kuninzi kwenziwa phantsi kwe-microscope yokucoca nge-scalpel encinci (umlenze omncinci), kodwa inokuthi ifumaneke nge-laser. Ukuba i-tube yendlebe ayifakwanga, umgobo uza kuphulukisa kwaye uvale phakathi kweentsuku ezimbalwa. Ukuthintela oku, ityhubhu yendlebe ifakwe emgodini ukuze igcine ivule kwaye ivumele umoya ukuba ufinyelele kwindawo yeendlebe eziphakathi (ukuphuphuma umoya).
I- anesthhetic ebanzi ngokubanzi ilawulwa kubantwana abancinci. Abanye abantwana abadala kunye nabadala banokukwazi ukunyamezela inkqubo ngaphandle kwe-anesthetic. I-myringotomy yenziwe kwaye i-fluid emva kwesikhova (kwindawo ephakathi kwendlebe) ilandelwa.
I-tube yendlebe iya kufakwa kwindawo. Amaconsi endlebe anokulawulwa emva kokuba ityhubhu yendlebe ifakwe kwaye ingenokuba yimfuneko kwiintsuku ezimbalwa. Inkqubo ivame ukuhlala ngaphantsi kwemizuzu engama-15 kwaye izigulane zivusa ngokukhawuleza.
Ngamanye amaxesha i-otolaryngologist iyakutusa ukuba kususwe izicubu ze- adenoid (i-lymph tissue kwi-airway engenhla emva kwempumlo) xa kufakwe i-ear tubes. Oku kudlalwa rhoqo xa kufakwa iibhubhu zokuphindaphinda. Uphando lwangoku lubonisa ukuba ukususa izicubu ze-adenoid kunye nokubekwa kwee-tubes zendlebe kunokunciphisa ingozi yokusuleleka kwindlebe kunye nesidingo sokuhlinzwa okuphinda.
Emva kokuhlinzwa, isigulane sijongwa kwigumbi lokubuyisela kwaye siya kubuyela ekhaya ngaphakathi kweyure ukuba akukho zixazululo zikhoyo. Izigulane zivame ukufumana ubuhlungu obuncinane okanye abukho emva kokuba buhlungu kodwa ukukhathazeka, ukucaphuka, kunye / okanye isicupunu esivela kwi-anesthesia sinokuthi senze okwethutyana.
Ukulahleka kokuvalelwa okubangelwa yindlebe yomphakathi phakathi kwangoko kutyunjwa ngokuhlinzwa. Ngamanye amaxesha abantwana banokuva kakuhle kakhulu ukuba bakhononda ukuba izandi eziqhelekileyo zibonakala zikhulu kakhulu.
I-otolaryngologist iya kunika imiyalelo ethile eyenziwa emva kweso sigulane ngasinye kubandakanywa ukufumana ingqalelo ngokukhawuleza kunye nokuqokwa kwamalungu okulandela. Inokuthi ibuye ibeke i-antibiotic ear earts for a few days.
Ukukhusela iibhaktheriya ngokunokwenzeka ukungena kwindlebe engaphakathi ngaphakathi kwiphubhu yokuphuza umoya, oogqirha bangancoma ukugcina iindlebe ezomileyo ngokusebenzisa i-earplugs okanye ezinye iifowuni ezinamanzi ngexesha lokuhlamba, ukubhukuda kunye nemisebenzi yamanzi. Nangona kunjalo, uphando lwangoku lubonisa ukuba ukukhusela indlebe akumele kuyimfuneko, ngaphandle kokuba ukudilika okanye ukubandakanya kwimisebenzi yamanzi kumanzi angcolileyo njengamachibi nemifula. Abazali bafanele babonane nodokotela ononyango malunga nokukhusela indlebe emva kokuhlinzwa.
Ukubonisana ne-otolaryngologist (indlebe, impumlo kunye nomgogodla we-throat) kungagunyaziswa ukuba wena okanye umntwana wakho uye wafumana izifo ezithe zaphindaphindiweyo okanye ezibi kakhulu, izifo zendlebe ezingaphendulwanga ngamayeza-antibiotics, ukulahlekelwa kwindlebe ngenxa yomswakama kwindlebe ephakathi, i-barotrauma, okanye unokungaqhelekanga kwe-anatomiki evimbela umgca weendlebe eziphakathi.
I-Myringotomy ngokufakela kwee-tubes indlebe yinkqubo eqhelekileyo kwaye ikhuselekile ngeengxaki ezincinci. Xa kwenzeka iingxaki, zingabandakanya:
Ukugqithiswa - Oku kunokwenzeka xa ityhubhu iphuma okanye ityhutyana yexesha elide isuswe kwaye umgodi kumlenze we-tympanic (indlebe) ayivali. Umngxuma ungabhalwa ngeprogram encinci yokuhlinzwa ebizwa ngokuba yi-tympanoplasty okanye i-myringoplasty.
Ukuqhekeka - Naluphi na ukucaphuka kweeardrum (izifo zentloko ezivakalayo), kuquka ukufakwa ngokuphindaphindiweyo kwee-tubes zendlebe, kunokubangela ukuba inqabana ibizwa ngokuthi yi-tympanosclerosis okanye i-myringosclerosis. Kwiimeko ezininzi, oku kungabangela iingxaki ngokuva.
Izifo - Izifo zentloko zisenokwenzeka kwiindlebe eziphakathi okanye ezungeze ityhubhu yeendlebe. Nangona kunjalo, ezi zifo zihlala ziphantsi rhoqo, zibangelwa ukulahlekelwa kwindlebe encinci, kwaye kulula ukuyiphatha - ngokuqhelekileyo kuphela ngamaconsi endlebe. Maxa wambi i-antibiotiki yomlomo isadingeka.
Iibhubhu zendlebe ziphuma kusasa okanye zihlale zide kakhulu - Ukuba ityhubhu yendlebe iphuma kwinduku yendlebe ngokukhawuleza (okungenakulinganiswa), umbane ungabuya uphinde uyenze ukuhlinzwa. Iibhubhu zendlebe eziseleyo kakhulu zingakhokelela ekugqibeleni okanye zifuna ukususwa ngu-otolaryngologist.
> Imithombo:
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