Ngaba wena okanye umntwana wakho unokuva izandi phakathi kwebhanana yentetho? Ibhanana yentetho ibanga elenziwe ngobhanana kwi- audiogram ejongene neziganeko kunye ne-decibel ezifunekayo ukuqonda intetho. Kuqulethwe ngaphakathi kwintetho ibhanana yileta kunye nokuhlanganiswa kwileta kwezi zandi.
Ukuqonda intetho ebhanana, masiqale sijonge i-audiogram.
I- audiogram isetyenziselwa ukuvakalelwa kwintetho yesandi. Ii-Frequencies, ezibizwa ngokuba yi-pitch, zilinganiswa ku-Hertz (Hz). Iimvama kwi-audiogram ziqala kwii-frequencies eziphantsi (okanye imimandla ejulile, njengenja yokukhwaza okanye isandi se-lawnmower) ngakwesobunxele uze uhambe kumazinga aphakamileyo ngakwesokudla (njengeentaka ezibetha okanye iintsimbi ezibethelayo); kufana nezitshixo kwipiyano. Ukufuduka ukusuka phezulu ukuya ngasezantsi kwizandi ze-audiogram ukuphakama kwi-decibels (dB). Ukuqhubekela phambili kwigrafu, ngokugqithiseleyo isandi sidinga ukuba sive.
Zonke iileta ze-alfabhethi ngaphandle / q /, / w /, / x /, kunye / y / ziphakathi kwebhanana yentetho. Kwakhona kwintetho yebhanana kukuhlanganiswa kwileta / th /, / ch /, / sh /, kunye / ng / ng /. Lezo zidibaniso zetekisi zinokuba nzima kubantu abayizithulu nabanobuchule bokuva ukuva nokuqonda.
Ukwenza izandi ziboniswe
Ukusetyenziswa kwelinye ibhanana yokuthetha kukunceda ekuboneni ukuba zeziphi izandi ezivakalayo.
Isixhobo esilungileyo sokucebisa iintsapho ukuba siqonde ukuba kutheni umlingane okanye umntakweno ebonakala evakalelwa izandi okanye amagama kodwa kungabikho abanye. Kwezinye iimeko, i-audiologists iza kuncedisa ukuvavanya ukubonisa ukuba zithini izandi ngaphakathi kwebhanana yentetho ezivakalayo xa zisebenzisa uncedo lokuphulaphula okanye ukufakelwa kwe-cochlear . Oku kunceda ufumane ingcamango enhle kakhulu yokuba ulwimi olunokuthetha lwakho umntwana luyakwazi ukuqonda, kodwa akufanele lube luhlobo olulodwa lokuqinisekiswa kwe-amplification eyenziwe.
Esinye isistim somlomo esakhela kwimbono emva kwebhanana yentetho yi-"Bala amaDots" eveliswa nguKillion noMueller ngo-1990 kwaye ihlaziywe ngo-2010. Ukubala ukuba amabalazo amachashaza anamaqhosha angama-100, ngalinye limele ukuqonda ukuthetha kwe-1%. Kwiindawo ezibaluleke ngakumbi ekuqondeni intetho, amachaphaza asondelene kunye. Kwiindawo ezingabalulekanga, amachaphaza asasazeka ngaphezulu. Uya kuphawula la maqhezu akwiintetho zebhanana. Ngokufakela ukulahlekelwa kweendlebe kule dilesi yamachaphaza amachashazi kwaye ubala amachaphaza aya kuphulaphulwa (abo bangentla kwimiqathango yokuvalelwa kwenzelwe igrafu), uya kuba noqikelelo lokuqonda intetho.
Imithombo:
I-gram yomsindo (nd). I-American Speech Language Hearing Association .
I-Banana Speech (nd). UkuLawula kunye neZiko loLwazi loLwimi .
Madell, Jane (2011). Uphuhliso lwezilwanyana: Ukusebenzisa iNkcazo yokuThetha ukuPhumelela kweziPhumo eziPhambili. I-AudiologyOnline.
Ukuhlaziywa nguMelissa Karp, Au.D.