I-Indiya yabona ukuqubuka kweJapan Encephalitis (JE) ehlobo le-2014 kunye nokufa kwabantu abaninzi. Ngo-2015, intsholongwane ibuyele. Nangona kukho isitofu, ukufa kwaye kwenyuka ukususela ngo-41 ngo-2010 ukuya ngo-160 ngo-2014, ngokunyuka kwama-5 kwinani leenkcukacha ezixeliweyo e-Assam enyakatho-mpuma ye-Indiya. Kwabakho ubuncinane abantu ababalelwa kuma-60 e-West Bengal.
Utshintsho kwimozulu - kunye nokunyuka kwamaqondo kunye nokutshintsha kwemvula-kunokunyuka kwinqanaba le-JE. Oku kuyingxenye kuba amaqondo okushisa afudumele avumele ukuba ilayisi ekhulile ikhule, kunye namanzi amaninzi amaninzi kuma-rice paddies, ekhokelela kumaninzi amaninzi. Esi sifo senzeka kamva kunyaka ngoku, njengoko uhambo lwe-Culex luhlala ixesha elide, kungekhona ukususela ngoMeyi ukuya kuJulayi, kodwa ngoku kube ngoNovemba.
Ziyintoni na izifo?
Uninzi lwabantu abachaphazelekayo nguJU abagula. I-1% kuphela eneempawu. Abo bahlakulela iimpawu bavame ukuhlakulela iintsuku ezi-5-15 emva kokuluma umlingo. Izimpawu zokuqala ziquka umkhuhlane, intloko, ukuhlanza.
Kwiintsuku ezimbalwa ezalandelayo, ezinye ziza kuba nezifo ezinzulu, malunga ne-1 ngo-250. Oku kungabandakanyeka ubuthathaka, kwanokukhubazeka, ezinye iimpawu ze-neurological or movement. Lezi zimpawu zifana neParkinson ngobuso obuqhenyiweyo, iintshukumo, kunye nokunyanzelana (ikakhulukazi ukunyaniseka kwe-cogwheel kunye ne-choreoathetotic movement).
Kukho ukukhubazeka - okuyinto enobungozi kwaye i-flaccid kwaye ifana ne-polio. Ukuqhaqhaza kwenzeka.
Kwenzekani?
Phakathi kwabo bahlakulela i-encephalitis, i-20-30% iyafa. Kulabo basindayo, 30-50% baqhubeka benesifo sengqondo / neurologic okanye sengqondo.
Liyasasazeka njani?
Intsholongwane isasazwa yizilumko , ikakhulukazi kwiCulex tritaeniorhynchus kunye noCulex vishnui (ngokukodwa eNdiya kunye naseSri Lanka naseThailand).
Esi sifo sininzi kakhulu kwi-Southeast Asia naseMpuma Asia. Esi sifo senzeke kumazwe angama-24 e-Asia nakwi-Western Cape kwingingqi apho abantu abayizigidi ezi-3 bahlala khona. Esi sifo asifumaneki kwiindawo ezininzi zasezidolophini, ngokukodwa kumazwe afana neJapan apho alawulwa khona, kwakunye neKorea apho kukho ukugonywa okukhulu.
Kwiindawo ezininzi, ukuhanjiswa kwexesha lonyaka - ihlobo kunye nokuwa.
Intsholongwane igcinwa phakathi kwamanqwane nehagu, kunye nezinye iintaka. Abantu "imiphefumlo efile" ithetha ukuba abanako ukuhambisa isifo (njengoko amanqanaba egciwane ahlala ephantsi kakhulu kwigazi lethu kummiyane ukuthumela kwabanye). Amahashe kunye namaxesha athile iinkomo zihlakulela izifo ezifayo ezingapheliyo ezinokuthi zibulawe, kodwa ezingenayo isifo. Kukho inkxalabo yokuba ngokuba nokufama kweefama kufuphi nabantu, sinokubeka ingozi ekusasazeni i-JE kubantu.
Kuchongwa njani?
Ukuxilongwa kwenzelwa ukuhlolwa kweklinikhi kunye nembali kwaye iqinisekiswe ngokuvavanywa kwebhubhoratri. Igazi okanye i-cerebrospinal fluid inokuvavanywa kuma-antibodies okuqala (IgM) avela iintsuku ezi-3-8 emva kokuba ukugula kuqalise kwaye kuqhubeke kwiinyanga ezi-1-3 okanye ngaphezulu emva kokuba isifo sifumaneke).
I-cerebrospinal fluid iya kubonisa ukuphakama okulinganayo kumaseli amhlophe egazi (kunye ne-lymphocytes), i-glucose evamile kunye neprotheni ephakamileyo.
Igazi liza kubonisa ukuphakama okulinganiselayo kumaseli egazi amhlophe, ukuwa kweeseli ezibomvu zegazi kunye ne-sodium. I-MRI ingabonisa utshintsho kwi-thalamus kunye nokuba mhlawumbi i-basal ganglia, midbrain, ipons, kunye ne-medulla.
Ngaba kukho i-Vaccine?
Kukho isitofu. Ukugonywa kwe-US isifo sokugonya se-dose esingama-28 ngaphandle kwe-dose yokugqibela 1 iveki okanye ngaphezulu ngaphambi kokuhamba. Kunconywa kuphela kulabo abaya kuhamba ngaphandle kwemimandla yasezidolophini ubuncinane inyanga 1 ngexesha le-JE. Ilayisenisi kulezo ziinyanga ezi-2 ubudala kunye nangaphezulu. I-foster dose inganikwa unyaka 1 kamva ukuba kukho ukunyanzeliswa okuqhubekayo kulabo abaneminyaka engaphezu kwe-17, kodwa akucaci ukuba iimfuneko zokuzikhusela.
Kukho ezinye izitofu eziye zisetyenziselwa kwimimandla engapheliyo.
Ngaba Kukhona Unyango?
Akukho lonyango oluthile. Izibhedlele zokunakekelwa ngononophelo (ukusetyenziswa kwamanzi, iindleko zentlungu) kudla ngokufunekayo.
Indlela Yokuphepha Ukukhulelwa:
- Gwema imimandla eyaziwayo
- Sebenzisa i-insects repellant equka iDET
- Gqoka iimpendulo ezinde kunye neengubo
- Ugonywe xa kufanelekile
- Gwema ukuphuma ngaphandle ngamaxesha apho kukho ubuncwane obukhulu
- Ukulala phantsi komnatha wombhede, sebenzisa umoya womoya xa kunokwenzeka kwaye uvale iifestile kunye nezikrini