Iintlobo ze-Cleft Lip kunye neZonyango

by Millicent Odunze, MD

Umlomo we-cleft ngenye yeendlela eziqhelekileyo zokukhubazeka ebusweni eziphathwe ngabagqirha beplastiki . Umlomo ococekileyo uxinzelela kubazali , njengoko bengathandi umntwana wabo ukuba azive engqondweni okanye abe ngumgxininiso wokugculelwa.

Umlomo ococekileyo ngumngcipheko womlomo ophezulu. Kutheni kwenzeka? Ngethuba lokuphuhliswa komntwana, izixhobo zomlomo nezomlomo azihlangani ngokufanelekileyo. Imilebe ye-Cleft iyahlukahluka kwizinga eliphezulu.

Umlomo we-Cleft ubizwa ngokuba yi-hare lip. Le moniker yavela ngenxa yokwahlula kwemvelo ekhoyo emlonyeni ophezulu wabanogwaja / iihares. I-term hare lip ayisasetyenziselwa kuluntu lwezonyango njengoko libhekwa njengelihlazo.

Umlomo ocacileyo uhlukile kwi- palate . Umlomo ococekileyo uthinta umlomo ophezulu, kanti i-palate ye-cleft iyindawo ephahleni lomlomo. Akunabo bonke abantu abanomlomo oqaqambileyo abanentsimbi. Akunabo bonke abantu abanomlenze we-cleft abanomlomo ocacileyo. Kunokwenzeka ukuba umntu abe nomlomo ococekileyo kunye ne-palate palate.

Kule nqaku, uya kufunda amagama weengxenye zomlomo oqhelekileyo. Ukwazi ukuba umlomo oqhelekileyo ukhangeleka njani uya kukunceda ukuba uqonde ukuba yiziphi iindawo zomlomo ezingaqhelekanga kumlomo ococekileyo. Uya kufunda kwakhona ngeentlobo ezahlukeneyo zomlomo oqhawulayo - unilateral versus bilateral, epheleleyo ngokungazalwanga. I-Unilateral ithetha ukuba umlomo unomlenze kwelinye icala. Ukutshatyalaliswa kwezinto ezikhoyo kuthetha ukuba kukho i-cleft kumacala omabini. Ukugqiba kubonisa ukuba uqhosha luya kusuka emlonyeni yonke indlela eya ekhaleni. Ukungaphelelanga kubandakanya umlomo kodwa ubeka impumlo.

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Umlomo wePil Anatomy

I-Anatomy ye-Lip eqhelekileyo. Lisa Stirling / Getty Izithombe

Ukuqonda ukungaqhelekanga kwesiphene somlomo, kuyimfuneko ukuqonda ukuba imilomo evamile ibonakala njani. I-anatomy eqhelekileyo iqukethe umlomo ophezulu nangaphantsi. Umlomo ococekileyo uthinta umlomo ophezulu. Umlomo ophezulu unamalungu amaninzi.

Umqulu omhlophe: Umqulu omhlophe uyinqaba ephakamileyo apha ngasentla apho isikhumba somlomo sifumana isikhumba sombuso.
I-Vermillion: I-vermillion iyinxalenye ebomvu yomlomo. Umbala wemibala ukusuka ebomvu ukuya kumdaka ngokusekelwe kwimibala yomntu. Inomlinganiselo owomileyo (ebonakalayo xa izindebe zivaliwe) kunye nenxalenye emanzi (ebonakalayo xa umlomo uhlukana).
Iikholamu zePhiltr: Iintsika zecala eziphuma emlonyeni ukuya ekhaleni. Umgangatho ongaphantsi / ongaphantsi kwikholomu ye-philtral yenza iintonga zomlomo ophezulu. Umgangatho ophakamileyo / ophezulu usenza i-nasal sill, umgangatho we-nostril.
I-Philtral Dimple: Umngxuma okanye ukuxinezeleka phakathi kweefolumu ezimbini zephiltral.
Umnsalo we-Cupid : Ukukhawuleka kwinqanaba eliphambili lomqulu omhlophe. Iphezu kwimiba emibini ngapha nangapha. Iintsika ziyinxalenye engezantsi yeikholomu ze-philtral.
Orbicularis Oris: I-orbicularis oris muscle ijikeleze umlomo. Imisipha ibalulekile ekunikezeni amandla okuthetha, ukutya kunye nokusela ngokuqhelekileyo. Ukuba ukucutha okungaphelelanga kungaphantsi kweyesibini kwantathu yomphakamo wokuphakama komlomo, ezinye iintambo zomsila zinganqumla i-cleft. Kwiingcambu ezinzima kakhulu, kukho ukuphazamiseka okupheleleyo kwezifayili ze-muscle.
Isalathiso seNasal: I-sill ye-nasal yenza i-bottom okanye umgangatho we-nostril. I-sill ye-nasal ilahlekile kwezinye iifom zomlomo.
I-Simonart's Band: Ibhuloho yesikhumba ewela ngaphantsi kwesikhala esecaleni lomlenze womlomo. Ibhendi likaSimartart linika ukubonakala kwe-sal.
I-Alar Rim: I-alarm ye-alar iyinxalenye yempumlo ejikeleze i-nostril.

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Microform Cleft Lip

Umlomo we-microform umlomo ngumlomo omncinci womlomo. Ingabonakala njengenotshi engamkelekanga okanye njengobunzima bekholomu ye-philtral. Ifoto © Millicent Odunze, MD, MPH

Umlomo we-microform umlomo (owaziwa nangokuthi "ifom fruste") ngumxholo omncinci womlomo ococekileyo kwaye uhlelwe njengecwecwe elingaphelelanga.

Umlomo ococekileyo omncinci awunayo imbonakalo ecacileyo yokubonakala kweminye imicenge. Ingabonakala nje njengobunzima obunzima ukusuka emlonyeni ukuya ekhaleni. Kukho inotshi kumda we-vermillion kunye neempumlo zingathinteka. Ngelixa i-microphone iqhosha lingabonakali, kunokusenokuba nengxaki ngokusebenza. Kukho ukuphazamiseka kokuqhubeka kwe-orbicularis oris muscle. Oku kunokubangela ukuba ukutya kunye nokuphuza imiba kunye nemiba yokuthetha.

Impumlo iqhelekile ngokuqhelekileyo nge-microform deformity deformity.

Umdlali, u-Joaquin Phoenix, unomlomo omncinci we-microform. Kubonakala ngathi unobunqanda obuqhekezayo ukulungiswa komlomo. Ngokwenene, ukubonakala kwakhe kwendalo.

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Unilateral Complete Cleft Lip

Ukhohlo olusekhohlo Unilateral Complete Cleft Lip. Ifoto © Millicent Odunze, MD, MPH

Umlomo womlenze ongabandakanyeki uphazamisa elinye icala lomlomo ophezulu. Iibini zesithathu zesaphetha se-cupid, enye ikholomu ye-philtral kunye ne-philtral dimple zigcinwe kwi-side noncleft / icala eliqhelekileyo. Uluhlu luya kwandula yonke indlela ukusuka emlonyeni ukuya ekhaleni kumlomo opheleleyo. I-orbicularis oris muscle ayikho ekuqhubekeni komlomo. Esikhundleni sokungqongqoza umlomo, i-muscle ifaka kwisiseko sempumlo kumacala omabini. Okuphazamiseka kwenza ukuba kunzima ukuthetha, ukutya nokusela.

Impumlo iphosakele kunye nokukhubazeka komlomo. I-nostril ivuliwe kwaye umgangatho we-nostril ulahlekile kwi-craft epheleleyo ye-lip deformity.

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Unilateral Incomplete Cleft Lip

Umlomo we-Unilateral Uncomplete Cleft Lip. Ifoto © Millicent Odunze, MD, MPH

Umlomo ongacacileyo womlomo ucocele umlomo kwilinye icala kuphela. Kukho ikholomu ye-philtral evamile, isaphetha se-Cupid kunye ne-philtral dimple kwicala ngaphandle kwe-cleft. Yintoni eyenza ihluke kumlomo oqhaqhayo ogcweleyo kukuba ezinye i-orbicularis fibus fibers zinganqumla ukucoca. Imilebe engapheliyo yomlomo ingathatha iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zokubonakala. Kukho i-gap encinci okanye i-cleft kwi-vermillion okanye inokuthi yande kancane kwesikhumba ngaphezu komlomo okanye idlulise phantse kwi-nostril.

Njengokuba kukho ukuguqulwa komlomo ococekileyo, impumlo inokuphazamiseka. Ukuphazamiseka kuvame ukufikelela kwisilinganiso esincinane. I-nostril iyakwandiswa, kodwa umgangatho we-nostril uhambile. Ukongezelela, kukho ibhuloho yezicubu kwisiseko se-nostril kwicala lokucoca. Oku kwaziwa njengeqela likaSimartart.

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I-Bilateral Complete Cleft Lip

I-Bilateral Complete Cleft Lip. Ifoto © Millicent Odunze, MD, MPH

Umlomo ocacileyo ohlambulukileyo ochaphazelekayo uxhaphaza emacaleni omnene nakwesobunxele bomlomo. Ayikho iikholomu ze-philtral, akukho philtral dimple, kwaye akukho nhlobo ye-orbicularis kwindawo ephakathi. Ngamacala omabini, i-cleft ivela kwi-vermillion ukuya kwikhompi. Ukungabikho kokuqhubeka kwimisipha kwenza inkulumo ecacileyo kuba nzima kula bantu. Ukutya kunokuba nzima.

Kukho ukuphazamiseka kwendoda kunye nomlomo ocacileyo opheleleyo. Zombini iirm e-alarms zandisiwe, i-nasal sills ayilahlekanga kwaye impumlo ithatha ukubonakala.

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I-Bilateral Incomplete Cleft Lip

Umlomo we-cleftal cleft ukhululekile kumacala omabini omlomo ophezulu. Njengokuba kunjalo ngomlomo oqokeleleyo opheleleyo, iikholomu ze-philtral zichaphazelekayo. Kwinqanaba elixhomekeke kwinqanaba elingakanani ukukhwela kwi-vermillion. Kukho nenye i-orbicularis muscle. I-nostril sills ayilungile. I-philtral dimple ingene.

Kwiimpembelelo ezingaphelelanga zomlomo, iimpumlo zichaphazelekayo, nangona zingekho kwisantya esifanayo kunye nefuthe elipheleleyo lomlomo. Kulabo bantu abanesiphelo semilenze yomhlaba, icala elinye lingaba lukhuni olungaphelelanga kwaye olunye uhlangothi luya kufezeka.

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I-Mixed Bilateral engaphelelekanga kunye ne-Complete Cleft Lip

Umlomo we-Cleftal Cleft Lip: Ilungelo lokunene ngumlomo ogqityiweyo kwaye uhlangothi lwesobunxele ngumlomo ongaphelele. Ifoto © Millicent Odunze, MD, MPH

Kulabo abanomlomo womlenze womhlaba, elinye icala lingaba lukhuni olungaphelelanga kunye nolunye uhlangothi olupheleleyo lwe-lip deformity lip. Umlomo ongagqibekanga umlomo ungabonakali.

_Imithombo:

_{I-Boutros SG, iCatching.} _{Ku: McCarthy JG, RD Galiano, Boutros SG, eds.} _{Ulwaphulo lwangoku kwi-Plastic Surgery, 1st Ed.} _{Philadelphia: Elsevier, Inc, 2006.}

_{I-Boutros SG, Ukusika C. I-Unilateral Cleft Lip.} _{Ku: McCarthy JG, RD Galiano, Boutros SG, eds.} _{Ulwaphulo lwangoku kwi-Plastic Surgery, 1st Ed.} _{Philadelphia: Elsevier, Inc, 2006.}

_{Gosman, AA.} _{Cleft Lip.} _{Ku: Janis HAYI.} _{Izinto ezibalulekileyo zoPhengophi lwePlastiki.} _{USt. Louis: Quality Medical Publishing, Inc., 2007.}

_{RA Hopper, Cutting C, Grayson B. Cleft Lip kunye nePalate.} _{Ku: I-Thorne CH, i-Beasely RW, i-Aston SJ, i-Bartlett SP, i-Gurtner GC, i-Spear S, i-eds.} _{I-Grabb ne-Smith's Plastic Surgery, ngomhla we-6.} _{Philadelphia: Lippincott, 2007.}

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