I-Allen Cognitive Level Screen (ACLS) ngumvavanyo ovavanya ikhono lomntu ukwenza izigqibo, ukusebenza ngokuzimeleyo, ukuqhuba ngokukhuselekileyo izakhono ezisisiseko, nokufunda ubuchule obutsha. Olu vavanyo lwaphuhliswa nguClaudia K. Allen, kunye nabalingane bakhe. Yapapashwa okokuqala ngowe-1985 kwaye iguqulelwe amaxesha amaninzi ukususela ngoko.
Esikhundleni sokucela ukuba uphendule imibuzo emininzi okanye ngepenciliti kunye nokuhlolwa kwephepha njengemivavanyo eninzi yokuqonda, uvavanyo lwe -ACLS lucela ukuba wenze umceli weempahla zokuthunga usebenzisa isicatshulwa sekhanda esicacileyo esinecala elikhanyayo nelinye icala elimnyama, inaliti enkulu enobumba kunye nenqanaba enkulu yesikhumba esenziwe ngomxholongwane kunye nezimbobo ezenziwe ngaphambili ezijikelezileyo.
Kukho iinguqu ezahlukeneyo ze-ACLS ezikhoyo, kubandakanywa nelahlayo kulabo abaneenkxalabo zokulawulwa kwesulelo kunye neenguqu enkulu kubantu abanemibono kunye nokulungelelanisa.
I-ACLS isekelwe kumanqanaba okuqonda okuka-Allen, okuyizinga elibandakanya amanqanaba ukusuka kwii-6 ukuya kwii-6 ezichonga amakhono ahlukeneyo okuqonda.
Yiyiphi imisebenzi edibeneyo kwi-ACLS?
I-ACLS ayiqhelekanga kuba isebenzisa umsebenzi wokuthunga ukukhangela ukuhlola ukuqonda. Ingcamango elandelayo yile misebenzi nganye idinga inqanaba elincinci elincinci lokuqonda ukugqiba.
Uthotho lwe- Running: Umsebenzi wokuqala we-ACLS yi-stitch yokusebenza. Umlawuli wokuvavanya ubonisa ukutyikitya kwaye akucele ukuba wenze eziliqela zezi zihlomelo ngokulandelana.
I-Whipstitch: Umsebenzi wesibini we-ACLS yi-whipstich. Kwakhona, umlawuli wokuvavanya ubonisa ukukhangela, uqinisekise ukuba izikhombisi zicacile, aze abuze umntu ukuba enze amanqaku amaninzi kumqolo.
Lo msebenzi uyinkimbinkimbi kuba ukongezelela ukwenza umgca obunzima kakhulu, ucelwa ukuba uhlale unecala lokukhanya lomtya wesikhumba ubheke phezulu kwaye uqinisekise ukuba awuphihli.
Iphutha Ukulungiswa: Okulandelayo, umlawuli wovavanyo uthatha umxube wekhanda kwaye unqamle ukutshintshwa ngokungalunganga, ukwenza iipositi ebizwa ngokuba yimpembelelo yangaphakathi-mva kwaye ikucela ukuba uyilungise.
Umlawuli ke wenza enye impazamo yokuqhayisa ebizwa ngokuba yimpazamo yokuphosa i-lace kwaye ikucela ukuba ufumane iphutha kwaye uyilungise.
Umgca weCordovan: Umgca wokugqibela uboniswe ngumgca owodwa we-cordovan. Ngokungafani nezimbini eziphambi kokuqala, umlawuli wovavanyo akabonisi indlela yokwenza le nto. Kunoko, uya kubonisa nje ukugqitywa okugqityiweyo kwaye akucele ukuba ukopishe lo mgca uze wenze ezintathu.
I-ACLS ifunyenwe njani?
Ukubalwa kwe-ACLS kusekelwe ekukwazi ukugqiba imisebenzi enikwe. Kunzima kunzima ukuloba kunye nomsebenzi ogqityiwe ngokuchanekileyo, ophezulu amanqaku.
Amanqaku aphuhliweyo abe ngamanani ahambelana namanqanaba athile olawulo kunye nokunyamekela okufuneka ukuba kusebenze kwimpilo yemihla ngemihla. Amanani amanqaku ukusuka kwi-low of 3.0 ukuya phezulu kuma-5.8.
Amanqaku ama-5.8 athetha ukuba ngokubanzi, ukwazi ukusebenza ngokuzimeleyo kwikhaya lakho. Unokufumana inzuzo kwimfundo malunga nezihloko ezinjengeyona ndlela efanelekileyo yokubeka iinxalenye zomzimba wakho ukukhusela ukuxinzelelwa kwengcinezelo ekuphuhliseni okanye ekucebiseni indlela yokuhlawulela xa usuke udiniwe, kodwa kwinqanaba lemihla ngemihla, awuyidingi naluphi na uncedo .
Amanqaku angaphantsi kwama-5.8 abonisa ukuba uya kufuneka okanye uzuze kulunye uhlobo lwezoncedo kwimisebenzi yokuphila imihla ngemihla.
Oku kungabelana nokunyamekelwa kweyure le-24 kwikhaya lononophelo ukuncedisa ngexesha elide kwikhaya lakho ukuncedwa ngemisebenzi embalwa nje ngeveki.
Yintoni eyahlukileyo phakathi kweNqanaba leNkcazo ye-Allen kunye ne-Allen Cognitive Level Screen?
Amanqanaba okuCognitive ka-Allen : Amazinga onke okuqonda ngengqondo ka-Allen achaza amanqanaba ahlukeneyo asebenzayo kumlinganiselo we-0 ukuya ku-6. Icandelo ngalinye likwahlula uncedo olulandelayo olufunekayo ukuze lusebenze ngokunokwenzeka kwaye luhlawulele nayiphi na ilahleko ekhoyo kwizinga ngalinye.
Isikrini se-Allen Cognitive Screen: I-Allen yolwazi yesikrini kwinqanaba elithile lemisebenzi yokuhlola apho ufanele khona kumanqanaba ahlukeneyo.
Amanqaku e-ACLS uhla ukusuka kwi-3.0 ukuya ku-5.8 ukususela ukuba ukuba unesimo sokuqonda engaphantsi kwezinto ezintathu, awuyi kukwazi ukuthatha inxaxheba kulolu hlobo lokuhlola. Amanqaku okuvavanya ayeke kwi-5.8 endaweni ye-6.0 kuba uvavanyo aluhlolisanga ngokupheleleyo ukukwazi ukucwangcisa ikusasa.
Izinga loCognitive zeAllen
0 - I-Coma : I-zero ibonisa ukuba awukwazi ukuphendula kwaye udibanisa.
1 - Ukwazisa : Amanqaku avela kwi-1.0 ukuya ku-1.8 abonisa ukuba ukuqonda kunye nokuqonda kuyingozi kakhulu. Iindleko zonyango iiyure ezingama-24 ngosuku ziyimfuneko.
I-2 - Iimpawu zokuBhunga eziMkhulu : Amanqaku phakathi kwama-2.0 no-2.8 athetha ukuba ukuhamba okuthile kukhoyo, kodwa kunokhathalelo lweeyure ezingama-24 ukukhusela ukuzulazula nokuncedisa kuyo yonke imisebenzi yokuphila kwansuku zonke , njengokuhlamba, ukutya kunye nococeko.
I-3 - Iincwadi zemiqulu : Izikolo eziphakathi kwama-3.0 no-3.8 zibonisa imfuno yokulawulwa kunye nenkxaso ngemisebenzi yokuphila kwansuku zonke. Ukubonelela ngeenkcukacha, ezifana nokunikezela i-toothbrush kuwe, kuya kubakhokelela ekuphumeni kwamazinyo.
I-4 - Umsebenzi oqhelekileyo : Iindlela ezilungileyo zinenzuzo gqitha xa ubeka amanqaku phakathi kwe-4.0 kunye no-4.8. Imiba yokhuseleko kunye nokuxazulula iingxaki zidlala nzima; nangona kunjalo, kwiindawo eziphakamileyo kwizinga le-4, unokukwazi ukuhlala wedwa kunye nesicwangciso endaweni enokuyenza (njengokubiza umntu othandayo) ukuba imeko engalindelekanga iyaqhubeka ngexesha lomhla.
5 - Ukufunda Umsebenzi omtsha : Amanqaku aphakathi ko-5.0 no-5.8 abonisa ukuba nangona kukho ukukhubazeka okunengqiqo , udla ukufunda izinto ezintsha kunye nokusebenza kakuhle. Ukuba uluhlu olungaphantsi kweli nqanaba, unokufumana inzuzo evekini nganye evela kumntu othandekayo okanye nakwezinye iinkonzo zenkxaso yoluntu. Abo bafumana amanqaku kumgangatho ophezulu banokusebenza ngokuzimeleyo kwaye bakwazi ukwenza umsebenzi kakuhle.
6 - Ulungelelaniso lomsebenzi omtsha : Amanqaku angama-6.0 amanqaku aphezulu e-Allen kunye nokubonakalisa ukuqonda kakuhle. Ngokukodwa, ikhono lakho lokusebenza elilawulayo likuvumela ukuba wenze izigqibo usebenzisa isigqibo esifanelekileyo kunye neenkqubo ezicingayo zokucwangcisa phambili kwikamva.
Isikrini se-Allen Cognitive Levels sihluke njani kwezinye iimvavanyo eziCacnitive?
Kukho uphononongo oluninzi kunye nokuhlola okukhoyo ukuvavanya amakhono okuqonda. Zininzi zezixhobo zesikrini ukujongana nokukhubazeka okucokisekileyo kunye neentlobo ezahlukeneyo zesifo sengqondo , kuquka ne- Alzheimer's disease , isifo sengqondo somzimba , i- Lewy yokugula komzimba , ukugula komzimba kwangaphambili , kunye nokunye.
Ngokungafani nezinye iimvavanyo ezininzi zokuqonda, i-ACLS ingaphantsi kovavanyo lokuhlola ukuhlola. Oko kuthetha ukuba nangona kunokunceda ukufumanisa iingxaki ezinengqondo ezinjenge-dementia, ngokuqhelekileyo isetyenziswe kwinqanaba elisebenzayo ukuphonononga amandla omntu ukuba asebenze ubomi bemihla ngemihla. Kunokuba ukhangele ngokukodwa kwiinkcukacha zesikhumbuzo esifutshane kunye nexesha elide , ukugweba, kunye nezakhono zonxibelelwano, kugxininisa ngakumbi ekusebenzeni okulawulayo (oku kuquka ukuthatha isigqibo kunye nesigwebo) kunye nendlela yokubonelela ngoncedo lokwandisa ubuchule obukhoyo.
Ngokomzekelo, i- MMSE (uvavanyo oluqhelekileyo olusetyenziswayo) luvavanya amakhono amaninzi okuqonda kunye nokunika amanqaku. Nangona kunjalo, akuboneli ngcebiso malunga nokuba uncedo olunjani umntu onokuludingayo kwimpilo yemihla ngemihla, kwaye akazami ukusebenzisa isicelo sokungabikho kwengqondo kwindawo yokuqonda.
Ngamanye amaxesha, umntu angenza amanqaku kwinqanaba elithile kwisicatshulwa sengqondo kodwa okwenza ngcono okanye ngaphezulu kokusebenza kwansuku zonke ngenxa yokuba ukusetyenziswa kwengcamango kusetyenziswa (okanye kungasetyenziswanga kakuhle) kwinqanaba elisebenzayo.
I-ACLS ifuna ukukhawulela loo gale kunye nokubonelela ngeengcebiso ezithile malunga nokuba zeziphi iintlobo zenkxaso ziyakwandisa amandla akho okuqikelela kwimisebenzi yemihla ngemihla.
Ukongezelela, ezininzi izikrini zengqondo zilawulwa ngumsebenzi onontlalontle, ingcali yeengqondo, okanye ugqirha. I-ACLS iqhutyelwa ngokuqhelekileyo, ifunyenwe, kwaye ityhicilelwe yonyango loqeqesho lwentsebenzo, nangona abanye baqeqeshwa kuyo.
Uvavanyo olusetyenziswa njani?
I-ACLS isetyenziswe njengendlela yokuhlola okwenziweyo ukuqinisekisa ukuqonda okusemgangathweni kunye nokwenyama ukuhlola iindawo eziphilayo ezikhuselekileyo. Injongo ye-ACLS kukuvandlakanywa koqhagamshelwano olusebenzayo. Ukuqonda ngokusebenzayo kubhekisela kumandla engqondo esinceda senze imisebenzi yemihla ngemihla.
Ingcali yomsebenzi ingacelwa ukuba ilawulwe ii-ACLS kumntu osesikhungweni sokuvuselela isigulane okanye kwikhaya lokunakekelwa emva kokubhedlelelwa esibhedlele kunye nokuqhekeka kwe-hip . Esi sikrini sinokukunceda ukuchonga, kwinqanaba elisebenzayo, uncedo olunjani lomntu olungenakudinga ngenxa yokuba aliniki kuphela amanqaku, kodwa iziphumo ziquka ukuchazwa kwendlela loo maphulo aza kuba nefuthe labo abakwaziyo ukuhlala ekhaya ngokuphepha kwaye benze zonke imisebenzi yemini. Iingcebiso zingabandakanya ukubonelelwa kokutya kunye namayeza , uncedo ngemali kunye nemisebenzi yasemakhaya, okanye ukunakekelwa kweeyure ezingama-24.
I-ACLS isetyenzisiwe kunye nabaselula kunye nabantu abadala ukuba bahlole ukuqonda ngokusebenzayo emva kokulimala kwengqondo, ekuvuseleleni izidakamizwa okanye izidakamizwa kunye nezifo zengqondo ezifana ne-schizophrenia.
Ichanekile njani i-ACLS?
Uphando lubonisa ukuba iziphumo kwi-ACLS zichanekileyo ngokuthelekiswa nenqanaba elizimeleyo lokuzimela kunye nemisebenzi yabo yokusebenza kwansuku zonke. Kuye kwaqinisekiswa ngokuqhathanisa nokuvavanywa kwamanani aqhelekileyo, okufana ne- MoCA kunye ne-MMSE.
Ziziphi iiNzuzo kunye noLondolozo lwe-ACLS?
I-ACLS iluncedo kuba ibheka indlela izakhono ezinokuqonda ezinokuchaphazela ngayo ubomi bemihla ngemihla kwaye ifuna ukufumanisa iindlela zokuhlawulela izakhono ezilahlekileyo.
Nangona kunjalo, akufanele isetyenziswe ngokwayo ukuxilonga ukugula komqondo. Njengokuba kunjalo nezinye iimvavanyo zokuhlola, ii-ACLS zinokubonga ezinye izixhobo zokuhlola kunye neemvavanyo zonyango ukuba ukuxilongwa kwe-dementia kugxininiswa .
I-ACLS idinga ukusetyenziswa kwezandla zombini, kunye nokufaneleka okubonakalayo nokuva. Ngaloo ndlela, ukuba umntu unenkcitho kwiyiphi na le mimandla, i-ACLS ayifanele ukusebenzisa.
I-ACLS inokuchaphazeleka nokufunda kwe-retest-learning. Oku kuthetha ukuba ukuba wenze le mvavanyo kwangaphambili, unakho ukufumana amanqaku angaphezulu kuwo. Kwakhona, ukuba unamava kwangaphambili ngala maqhosha, oku kunokuchaphazela ukusebenza kwakho.
ILizwi
Ukukhathazeka ngememori nokuvavanya ingqondo kunokuvelisa ukukhathazeka. Nangona kunjalo, sinethemba lokuba uya kukhuthazwa emva kokufunda ukuba i-ACLS ijolise ekusebenziseni nasekuphuculeni izakhono onalo, kungekhona nje ekuboniseni ingxaki. Ukusebenzisa amandla akho, kwindawo yokuqonda kodwa nakulo lonke ubomi, isicwangciso esibalulekileyo sokuzonwabisa nokuphucula umgangatho wobomi .
> Imithombo:
> Allen, CK., Ukukhubazeka kwengqondo kunye nokubuyiselwa kwe-rehabilitation and psychiatry.I-Medicinal Medicine, 23 (4), 1991. https://allencognitive.com/wp-content/uploads/Ed-Corner-Allen-Cognitive-Levels kunye neModes-of-PerformanceCombo.pdf
> Clancy, C. kunye noChapman, R. Ukuncedisa abaSebenzi baBantu abaneDementia ngokusebenzisa iMfundo yeDementia kunye noQeqesho lwabaSebenzi. https://www.fightdementia.org.au/sites/default/files/Final-DETC.pdf
> Earhart, C. I-Allen Cognitive Group. Imbali emfutshane yeModeli yokuKhubazeka kweCognitive and Assessments. http://allencognitive.com/wp-content/uploads/Click-on-Brief-History-of-CD-model-2013-2FINAL.pdf
Iqela le-Allen Cognitive. Uvavanyo lwe-ACLS-5 kunye ne-LACLS-5: Iipropati zeMpahla kunye nokuSebenza kweeNgxelo zokuSebenzisa ubungqina. 2016. http://allencognitive.com/wp-content/uploads/CopyrightReportfPsychometricsACLS-5_3-21-2016.pdf
> I-American Occupational Therapy Isiseko. Uphando oluPhambili: UkuCognition esebenzayo. http://www.aotf.org/Portals/0/documents/About%20AOTF/Research%20Priorities/2016%20Functional%20Cognition%20Case%20Statement.pdf