I-dementia ye-Frontotemporal (FTD) luhlobo lomqondo wengqondo oye wabizwa ngokuba yi-Pick's disease. Iquka iqela leengxaki ezichaphazela ukuziphatha, iimvakalelo, ukunxibelelana kunye nokuqonda . Amanye amagama asetyenziswa kwi-FTD afaka:
- ukuguqulwa kwangaphambili
- ukugula komzimba kwangaphambili
- Inkathazo kaPick
- ukuguqulwa kwelobar ngaphambili
Kwi-FTD, i-lobes yangaphambili kunye neyesigxina yengqondo iyathinteka kwaye i- atrophy (ihlehlise) ngobukhulu.
I-FTD ibetha ngokusondeleyo (50s ukuya kuma-60s), kodwa ichongiwe kubantu abancinane abaneminyaka engama-21 kunye nabadala njengama-80s. Phantse ama-60% amacala e-FTD ngabantu abaphakathi kweminyaka engama-45 no-64.
U-Arnold Pick waqala ukufumanisa iikholethi ze- tau ezingaqhelekanga kwingqondo (ebizwa ngokuba yi-Pick's bodies) ngo-1892. Iimpawu ze-Pick zikhona kwezinye iintlobo ze-FTD kwaye ziyabonakala kuphela ngaphantsi kwe-microscope ngexesha le-autopsy.
Iintlobo zeFTD
Izifo ezine eziwela kwisigaba se-FTD ziquka:
- Ukuziphatha okuchasene ne-Frontotemporal Dementia
Njengoko igama libhekiselele, ukuhlukahluka kohlobo lwe-FTD kuchaphazela kakhulu ukuziphatha, kubangele ukusebenzisana nokungalunganga kwentlalo . - Ipropressive Aphasia
Icandelo eliphambili lolu hlobo lwe-FTD yi- aphasia , ebhekisela kumonakalo ngolwimi. Oku kunokuchaphazela kokubili ukukwazi ukuthetha nokuqonda. - Inkqubela yokuPhuphuma kweSunyukliya
I-Supranuclear palsy ichaphazela ukulinganisela kunye nokunyakaza, kunye nekhono lokuqonda. Uphawu olucacileyo luyingozi yokuhamba kwamehlo.
- Corticobasal Degeneration
Izibonakaliso ze-corticobasal degeneration zivame ukubonakala zibuthathaka kwaye zivame ukuqala kwicala elinye lomzimba. Iingxaki ngememori nangendlela yokuziphatha zikhula njengoko le ngxaki iqhubeka.
Iimpawu zeFTD
Abantu abane-FTD bahlala bebonisa ukuziphatha okungalunganga kuluntu, njengamazwana angenangqiqo, ukungabikho kwengqiqo okanye uvelwano, ukuphazamiseka, ukunyuka kwintlalo yesini, okanye utshintsho olukhulu ekuthandweni kokutya.
Abanye babonisa ukucoceka okungcolileyo, ukuphendula okuphindaphindiweyo okanye ukuziphatha, amandla amancinci kunye nezizathu ezintle. Basenokuba nefuthe okanye isicatshulwa , esichazela ukuba ubuso babo bubonakalisa encinci okanye akukho nto ibonisa ngayo imvakalelo, kuquka ukudabuka, uvuyo okanye umsindo.
I-FTD ivame ukuchaphazela ukuthetha phakathi kwintetho yesibini esicacisayo (ukukwazi ukusebenzisa amagama ukuzithetha) kunye nentetho yokumamela (ukukwazi ukuqonda intetho). Abantu banokuba neengxaki zokufumana igama elifanelekileyo lokuthetha, bathethe ngokungazithethiyo kwaye ngokukhawuleza, kunzima ukufunda nokubhala ngokuchanekileyo, kwaye abanako ukudala izivakalisi ngendlela engqiqweni.
Iintshukumo zenguqu
I-FTD ivame ukuchaphazela ukukwazi ukulawula ukunyakaza kunye nezinye izenzo zezithuthi. Abo bane-FTD bangawa rhoqo okanye bafumane ingalo engafunekiyo kunye nomlenze wokunyakaza okanye ukunyakaza.
Okuthakazelisayo, imemori yomntu kunye nokuqonda kwendawo ejikeleze kubo ngokuhlala zihlala zihambelana, ngokukodwa kwizigaba zangaphambili.
I-FTD ne- Alzheimer yahluke njani?
Kwi-Alzheimer, iimpawu zokuqala ziyimpumelelo yokukhumbula imemori kunye nobunzima bokufunda into entsha. Kwi-FTD, imemori ihlala isilungile ekuqaleni; iimpawu zokuqala zibandakanya ubunzima ngokusebenzisana ngokufanelekileyo kwezentlalo kunye nemvakalelo, kunye nemingeni yolwimi.
I-FTD kunye ne-Alzheimer yahluke kwindlela ubuchopho buchaphazeleka ngayo. I-FTD ichaphazela kakhulu i-lobes yangaphambili kunye neyesimo; ngelixa i-Alzheimer iyakuthi ifuthe kwiindawo ezininzi zobuchopho.
I-FTD ijolise abantu abatsha. Umyinge weminyaka yobudala be-FTD uneminyaka engama-60 ubudala. Nangona abanye abantu beqala ukuqala kwe-Alzheimer, uninzi lwezigulane zingaphezulu kwama-65 kwaye ezininzi zazo zineminyaka engama-70 okanye ngama-80.
Yintoni eyenza iFTD?
Isizathu seFTD asiyazi. Nangona ubuninzi beemeko ze-FTD zibonakala ziphuhliswa ngethuba, i-genetics idlala indima kwezinye iimeko. Phantse i-10% yamatyala anokulandelwa kwishintsho kwisigidi esisodwa.
Olu tshintsho lomzimba luzuze ngokuthe ngqo, oko kuthetha ukuba ukuba unyoko okanye utata wakho unalo geni ethile ye-FTD, unamava e-50% okuphuhlisa i-FTD.
Ukongeza u-20% ukuya kuma-40% wabantu abaxilongwa nge-FTD banxibelelwano lomntu apho izihlobo ezingaphezulu kwesibini ngaphezu kwezizukulwana ezimbini okanye ngaphezulu ziye zafunyaniswa ngeFTD.
Ukuxilongwa
Kuyafana nokufumanisa isifo se-Alzheimer , akukho vavanyo olulodwa oluya kuhlola i-FTD. Izigulane zifumana ukuhlola okufana ne- MRI okanye i- PET scan ; ukuvavanya kwengqondo ukulinganisela imemori nolwazi lweelwimi; vavanyo lomzimba; mhlawumbi umpompo ; kunye nokuhlolwa kwegazi. Ukuxilongwa kwenziwa ngokuqokelela zonke iziphumo ezivela kule mvavanyo, ukulawula ezinye izizathu ezinjenge- vitamin B12 okanye ukutheleleka, nokuthelekisa iimpawu zakho kwezinye iimeko ze-FTD. Kubalulekile ukuba i-neurologist eyaziwayo ne-FTD kunye nezinye iintlobo zemeko yokugula komzimba zibandakanyeke kulo vavanyo ukusuka kwimiba ethile ye-FTD ibonisa ezinye iingxaki.
Unyango
Akukho zonyango ezijolise kulolu hlobo lwesifo sengqondo, ngoko ke unyango lwenjongo ukulawula iimpawu ngokunokwenzeka. Oogqirha banokumisela amayeza aqhelekileyo asetyenziselwa iingxaki zokuhamba kwi- Parkinson isifo , kuquka iKarbidopa / levodopa (Sinemet) . Ngamanye amaxesha iziphathamandla ze-FTD zijongene nemishanguzo ye-antipsychotic ukuba iindlela ezingekho kweziyobisi zingasebenzi.
Iimithi ezixhasayo, ezikhethekileyo i-serotonin reuptake inhibitors (i-SSRIs), ziye zabonisa inzuzo ethile ekuphatheni ezinye zeendlela eziphosakeleyo okanye eziphosakeleyo ze-FTD. Abanye oogqirha baya kunika amayeza anikezelwa kwizigulane ze-Alzheimer, kuquka i- cholinesterase inhibitors . Uphando, nangona kunjalo, alubonakalanga ngokucacileyo la mayeza ukuba asebenze ngeFTD okwamanje.
Uphulo lomsebenzi kunye nonyango luyakunceda izigulane ngokuncedisa ukugcina okanye ukunciphisa ukungonakaliswa kwezithuthi kunye nokunyakaza, ngelixa iilwimi zonyango lunokunceda ngezinye iindawo zokunxibelelana.
Ubuninzi be-Frontotemporal Dementia
I-10% ukuya kwi-20% yazo zonke i-dementias yi-FTD, eguqulela kuma-50,000 ukuya kuma-60,000 aseMelika. I-FTD yenye yeentlobo eziqhelekileyo zokudemeka kwengqondo kubantu abadala abangaphantsi kweminyaka engama-65 ubudala, kwaye kuyaqheleke kakhulu kumadoda kunabesifazane.
Prognosis
Ukugxekwa kwe-FTD ihluphekile. Ubomi bexesha lokuhlala kwiindawo ezimbini ukusuka kwiminyaka emibili ukuya kwi-20 emva kokuxilongwa, kuxhomekeke kwisantya sokuqhubela phambili kunye nobukho bezinye izifo. I-FTD ayibangeli ukufa, kodwa ilwa nezinye izifo kunye nezifo ezinzima.
> Imithombo:
> Umbutho we-Frontotemporal Degeneration. Ukuxilongwa.
> Umbutho we-Frontotemporal Degeneration. Frontotemporal Degeneration.
> Umbutho we-Frontotemporal Degeneration. Genetics.
> Umbutho we-Frontotemporal Degeneration. Yintoni iFTD?
> Isiko seSizwe soLwazi lweBiotechnology, iThala leNcwadi likaMatrika ka-US. Health Med Med. Izifo zikaPick.
> Yunivesithi yaseCalifornia, eSan Francisco. Iifom ze-Frontotemporal Dementia.
> Yunivesithi yaseCalifornia, eSan Francisco. Hereditary FTD.
> IiNational Institutes of Health. Isizwe seSizwe sokuguga. Iintlobo ze-Frontotemporal Disorders.