13 Iintlobo zezifo ezibangelwa nguMdinga-Izibonakaliso kunye neNgcebiso

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Izifo ze-Alzheimer's

I-Dementia yigama elivulekileyo elibandakanya ezininzi iintlobo zokuphazamiseka kwengqondo. Iimpawu zeengqondo zengqondo ziquka ukulahleka kwememori , isigwebo esilungileyo , ubunzima bezonxibelelwano kunye noshintsho lomntu .

Ngokuqhelekileyo, iimpawu zokuqala zikunceda ngokukhethekileyo ekuhlukaniseni iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zesifo sengqondo somzimba.

Isizathu esivangekileyo sokudemeka komzimba sisifo sesifo se-Alzheimer.

Izifo ze-Alzheimer's

Iimpawu zokuqala: iimpawu zokuqala ziquka ukulahleka kweememori zesikhashana , ukugwetywa kakuhle, kunye nobunzima bokufumana amagama afanelekileyo.

Inkqubela: I- Alzheimer idla ngokuqhubekayo ukusuka kumanqanaba okuqala ukuya kumgangatho ophakathi kwiminyaka emi-2-4. Kwinqanaba eliphakathi, ukuqonda kuyaqhubeka nokuhla kweempawu kunye nokuziphatha kwengqondo kwengqondo ngokukhawuleza, ukukwenza kube ngumngeni omkhulu kumntu onomdemokhrasi kunye nomnakekeli wakhe.

Isalathiso: Umyinge wexesha lokuphila le-Alzheimer isifo esisuka kwiminyaka eyi-8 ukuya kwe-10 emva kokuxilongwa, nangona abanye abantu baphila iminyaka engama-20.

• Funda ngaphezulu: Zonke ngeengxaki ze-Alzheimer's: IziThutho zakuPhakathi, eziPhakathi kunye neeLatter

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IVascular Dementia

Iimpawu zokuqala : Izimpawu zokuqala ziquka ukufumana ingxaki yokufumana igama, ukulahlekelwa kwememori, imingeni ekusebenzeni ngokulawulayo kunye nokukhawuleza ukuqhubela phambili . Ezi zimpawu zinxulumene nesiganeko esingasemva kwe-ischemic , isigulo okanye isifo esingenakubonwa sisisityana esincinci (esiquka ukutshintsha kwengqondo ezifana nezilonda ezimhlophe kunye nokunciphisa imithwaba).

Inkqubela: I- dementia ye-Ventia inokuqhubela phambili, njengobhekene nokuhla kweminye efana ne-Alzheimer's. Oku kuthetha ukuba ukusebenza kwi-dementia ye-vascular kunokuhlala kuzinzile ixesha elide emva kweempawu zokuqala de kubekho ukubonakala kwehla okubonakalayo, kwaye ke uhlale kwinqanaba elilandelayo ixesha elide kuze kube yilapho kuhla kwehla.

Ukuqhaqhaqhaqhaza: Ukuhlaziya isifo sengqondo se-vascular dementia kuyahluka kakhulu kwaye kuhambelana nomonakalo omkhulu okhoyo kwingqondo kunye nezinye iziganeko zokubetha okanye i-TIAs.

• Ukufunda okudibeneyo: Yintoni eyahlukileyo phakathi kwe-Alzheimer's and Vascular Dementia?

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I-Parkinson's Disease Dementia

Iimpawu zokuqala: Ukugula komgudu ka-Parkinson yinto enye ye- Lewy yokugula komzimba . (Omnye ubizwa ngokuba yi-dementia kunye nezidumbu ze-Lewy.) Zomibini ziquka ukuguquka komzimba (njengokuhamba ngokukhawuleza, ubuthathaka kunye nokunyaniseka) kunye nokutshintsha kwengqondo (njengokulahlekelwa kwememori, ukwehla kwengqwalasela kunye nokusebenza kakubi komsebenzi .)

Kwi-disease ye-Parkinson yesifo sengqondo, iimpawu zeemoto kunye nokuhamba zikhona ubuncinane kunyaka omnye ngaphambi kokuba utshintsho lweenkqubela.

Inkqubela: Isifo sengqondo sika-Parkinson sisoloko sineenkqubela phambili ngokuhamba kwexesha. I-hallucinations idla ngokuqhelekileyo kwaye ukudideka kuya kukwanda. I-Falls ingaphinda ibe yinto eqhubekayo kunye nokusebenza komzimba jikelele.

Ukuxhamla: Umyinge wexesha lokuphila uhluka kakhulu kuxhomekeke kwimpilo yomntu kunye nexesha apho iParkinson yaphuhliswa khona.

• Ukucetyiswa ngawe: Izinto ezili-10 zokwazi malunga Nezifo ze-Parkinson's Dementia
• Kwaye Oku: Ukufuna ukunyanzelisa i-Lewy Bodies kunye ne-Lewy Body Dementia: efanayo okanye eyahlukileyo?

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Ukufuna i-Lewy Bodies

Iimpawu zoMzimba : I-Dementia kunye nemizimba ye-Lewy yintlobo ye-Lewy yokugula komzimba. (Olunye uhlobo luyi-mental illness of the disease.) Ukukhathazeka ngezidumbu ze-Lewy kubandakanya iimpawu zomzimba ezinjenge-motor and muscle ubuthakathaka kunye nokunyaniseka, kunye neempawu zeengqondo ezifana nokwenza izigqibo, ukukhubazeka kwememori kunye nokuqwalaselwa kwexesha.

Ngomdemokhrasi kunye nemizimba ye-Lewy, iimpawu zobuchopho zikhula phambi kwempawu zomzimba, ngexesha elinye okanye ngaphantsi konyaka emva kokuba iimpawu zomzimba zikhoyo.

Ukuqhubela phambili: I- Dementia kunye nemizimba yaseLeyy iyakwazi ukuhluka ngokubanzi, kwimihla ngemihla.

Ukuxhamla : Umyinge wokuhlala kwithuba kuxhomekeka kwizinto ezininzi kodwa kuqikelelwa ukuba malunga neminyaka eyi-8 emva kokuxilongwa.

• Funda ngakumbi: Yintoni eyahlukana phakathi kwe-Alzheimer's ne-Lewy Body Dementia?
• Kwaye oku: I-Parkinson's Dementia ehluke njani kwiDementia eneeLyy Bodies ?

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I-Wernicke-Korsakoff Syndrome

Iimpawu zokuqala: I- Wernicke encephalopathy yimeko enzima ebonakaliswe ukudideka, ukutshintsha kwimbono kunye nokusebenza kwamehlo, kunciphise ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo, ukugubha komlenze kunye nokunye. Ngokuqhelekileyo, kodwa kungekho rhoqo, ihlobene nokusetyenziswa kakubi kotywala kwaye idinga unyango olusesikweni esibhedlele, ngokuqhelekileyo ukulawulwa kwe-thiamine.

I-Korsakoff syndrome yimiba engapheliyo enokukhunjulwa kwememori, ukudibanisa (ukwakha amabali) kunye neengcamango.

Ukuqhubela phambili: Ukuba uphathwe ngokukhawuleza, kungenzeka ukuba i-Wernicke encephalopathy ingatshintshwa. Nangona kunjalo, ngamanye amaxesha kulandelwa impawu eziqhubekayo ze-Korsakoff syndrome.

Isalathiso: Umyinge wokuhlala kwexesha lokuphila kwi-Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome iyahluka kakhulu. Ikwahlula ekungenakuchukumiseka kumntu oyeka utywala ukuya kwixesha elincinane elilindelekileyo kwabanye.

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I-Creutzfeldt-Jakob Izifo (ngamanye amaxesha zibizwa ngokuthi iMad Cow Disease)

Iimpawu zokuqala: Ngokungafani nezinye iintlobo zesifo sengqondo somzimba, iimpawu zokuqala ze-Creutzfeldt-Jakob isifo azibandakanyi utshintsho lweengqondo. Kunoko, zibandakanya ukudandatheka, ukuhoxiswa, nokuguquka kwemizwelo.

Ukuqhubela phambili: Njengoko isifo siyaqhubeka, ubunzima beememori bukhula, kunye neenguqu ekuziphatheni, ukulungelelaniswa ngokomzimba kuquka ukuhamba kunye nombono. Kwimigangatho emva, i-hallucinations kunye nengqondo yengqondo iyakhula , kunye nokusebenza ngokubanzi, kubandakanye ukukwazi ukugwinya nokutya, kuhlahloke.

Ukuhlaziya : Umyinge wexesha lokuphila lichaphazeleka kakhulu kwaye luhamba ukusuka kwiiveki ezimbalwa ukuya kunyaka emva kokuxilongwa.

• Funda ngakumbi: Iimpawu, iintlobo kunye nokuxilongwa kwe-Creutzfeldt-Jakob

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I-Frontotemporal Dementia (i-Pick's Disease)

Iimpawu zokuqala: Uhlobo lwentengo yokugula komzimba luhlobo luni lomqondo ochaphazelekayo ochaphazela ngokubanzi abantu abancinci. Iimpawu zokuqala ziquka ukuguquka komntu nokuziphatha, ngokuchasene nobunzima bokuqonda . Bangabonakala bengabakhathaleli ngabanye baze benze ngokungafanelekanga.

Ukuqhubela phambili: Njengoko iFTD iqhubela phambili, unxibelelwano (zombini ukukwazi ukuvakalisa nokuqonda), imemori, kunye nokukwazi ukukwazi ukunyuka komzimba.

Ukuxhamla: Kuxhomekeke kukuphi uhlobo lwe-FTD umntu oye wavelisa, ubude bexesha lokuphila ukusuka kwiminyaka emibini ukuya kwimashumi mabini emva kokuxilongwa.

• Oku ngakumbi kwi-FTD: Ukuqonda iintlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-Frontotemporal Dementia
• Kwaye oku: Izizathu ezi-7 zokuba izifo ze-Pick zitsho njalo

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Isifo seHuntington (i-Huntington's Chorea)

Iimpawu zokuQala: Isifo sikaHuntington ekuqaleni siquka ukudibanisa iimpawu eziquka ukunyakaza okungazenzisiyo, ukuguquka kwemizwelo, ukulahlekelwa kwememori kunye nezakhono ezingenzi kakuhle zokwenza izigqibo.

Inkqubela phambili: Njengoko iqhubeka, iHuntington ithintela uxhulumaniso, ukuhamba, ukugwinya nokuqonda . Ukunyakaza okungahambelaniyo (okrarea) kuya kuthiwa kubonakale kwaye kuphazamise kakhulu ngokusebenza kwansuku zonke.

Ukuxela izilwanyana: Ukulinda ubomi kwiindawo zikaHuntington ukusuka kwiminyaka eyi-10 ukuya kwe-20 emva kokuxilongwa.

• Funda kabanzi: Izizathu, iziganeko, ukuPhepha, kunye nokuPhathwa kwezifo zikaHuntington

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I-HIV / AIDS Dementia

Iimpawu zokuqala: Abantu abaneengxaki ze-HIV ezibangelwa yi-HIV ekuqaleni bahlala bebunzima ngokugxininiswa, ingqalelo kunye nememori. Bangabonisa kwakhona utshintsho lobuntu babo nokuziphatha kwabo.

Ukuqhubela phambili: Njengoko i-dementia echaphazelekayo ne-HIV iyaqhubeka, izakhono zomzimba nazo zingaqala ukuhla. Umzekelo, umntu unokufumana ubunzima obuninzi ngokuhamba okanye ukulungelelanisa amehlo.

Ukuxhamlaza: Ukuxhamla isantya kwaye kuya kuxhomekeka kwimpendulo yomzimba kwizonyango ezifana ne- anti-retroviral therapy (HAART).

• Funda kabanzi: Konke malunga ne-HIV-Associated Dementia kunye ne-AIDS Dementia Complex

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Ukulahla kokufa kwabantu

Iimpawu zokuQala: Ubuthongo buchaphazeleka kakhulu ngolu hlobo olunqabileyo lwelifa. Umntu unokufumana ukulahla, amaphupha acacileyo, kunye neengcamango , kunye ne-anorexia.

Ukuqhubela phambili: Njengoko le nkqubela iqhubeka, amandla okuhamba nokuhambisa umzimba uyahlakala. Ukulahleka kweememori kunye nokunyamekela ingqalelo kunye nokugxininiswa kuphuhlise, kwaye ekupheleni kwayo, umntu kaninzi akakwazi ukuthetha.

Ukuxela: Emva kokuba i-FFI ikhule, ukulinda ubomi kubangangeenyanga ezili-12.

• Ukucetyiswa ngawe: Ukukhawuleza, izizathu, iiMpawu, kunye nokuPhathwa koLwazi lokuSweleka koLwazi oluSwelekileyo

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Dementia edibeneyo

Iimpawu zokuqala: Iimpawu zoxinzelelo lwengqondo ezixutywayo zibonakala zifana nezo zifo zesifo se-Alzheimer zakuqala kwaye ziquka ubunzima bokufunda ulwazi olutsha, ukulahlekelwa kwememori (ngokuqhelekileyo ukukhubazeka kwexesha elifutshane), ukudideka ngokuphathelele usuku okanye ixesha kunye nobunzima bokufumana amagama.

I-dementia edibeneyo idla ngokungaqondakaliyo njengoluhlobo olulodwa lwesifo sengqondo somqondo kwaye emva koko lufumaniswe ngetekisi ezifana ne-MRIs okanye kwi-autopsy emva kokufa.

I-dementia exubileyo ibangelwa ngokuhlanganiswa kwe-Alzheimer's, isifo sengqondo somzimba kunye / okanye i-Lewy yokugula komzimba.

• Funda ngaphezulu: Ngaphezu kokulahleka kweMemori elula: 10 Iimpawu zokuqala zokuxwayisa ze-Alzheimer's

Ukuqhubela phambili: Njengengqondo eqhubekayo, ukusebenza kwengqondo kunciphisa ngakumbi, kubangela ubunzima kwizakhono zomzimba ezifana nemisebenzi yokuphila kwimihla ngemihla, njengendawo yonke yokuqonda.

Ukuxhamla : Ubomi bokuphila emva kokuxilongwa kwengqondo yokuxutywa kwengqondo akuxubekanga ngokucacileyo ngenxa yokuba ukuxilongwa kuyisiphene. Nangona kunjalo, abaphandi baqikelela ukuba ukugxekwa kusenokuthi kube mfutshane ngenxa yokuxoshwa komqondo ongxubekiyo kunokuba kubangelwe enye imbangela yokugula komzimba njengengqondo ye-Alzheimer ekubeni izinto ezongezelelweyo zichaphazela ukusebenza kwengqondo.

• Ukucetyiswa kuwe: Yonke malunga neMixed Dementia

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Inkathazo engapheliyo ye-Encephalopathy / Brain Injury

Iimpawu zokuqala: Izibonakaliso zokulimala kwengqondo ziquka ukulahleka kwengqondo, ukulahleka kwememori, ukuguquka komntu kunye nokuziphatha, kunye nentetho ephosakeleyo, edibeneyo.

Inkqubela: Nangona iimpawu ezivela kwingqungquthela eyodwa zihlala zisesigxina kwaye zixazululwe ngonyango olufanelekileyo, i-encephalopathy engapheliyo ikhula ngokuphindaphindiweyo ngexesha lokulimala kwentloko ngokuphindaphindiweyo kwaye ngokuqhelekileyo ayinakuguqulwa. Impawu kamva zibandakanya amandla okuthatha izigqibo ezingalunganga, ukugonywa, ukusetyenziswa kwemoto engaphumeleli kunye nokukwazi ukuthetha ngokufanelekileyo.

Ukuxhamla: Ukulinda kwexesha lokuphila kuyahluka ngoxinzelelo lwengozi.

• Ukufunda okudibeneyo : Ingaba iziganeko ezibangelwa nguMdinga?

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Uxinzelelo oluqhelekileyo Hydrocephalus

Iimpawu zokuqala: Uxinzelelo oluqhelekileyo i-hydrocephalus ibonakaliswa yinto ebangelwa yintathu yeempawu: ukuncipha kwengqondo , ubunzima bokuhamba kunye neengxaki zokungabikho kwamanzi .

Inkqubela: Inkqubela iyahlukahluka kuxhomekeke kunyango. I-NPH yimeko edala izibonakaliso zokugula komzimba kodwa ngezinye izihlandlo zihlawulwe ngokukhawuleza.

Ukuxela: Ukuba i-NPH isabela kwonyango, ukuhamba ngokuqhelekileyo kuyimpawu zokuqala eziphuculweyo ezilandelwa yilizwekazi kunye nokuqonda.

• Ukucetyiswa kuwe: Uxinzelelo oluqhelekileyo I-Hydrocephalus: Izimpawu, izizathu, unyango, kunye nePrognosis

_Imithombo:

_{Isiko seSizwe seNational Psychology and Stroke. NgoFebhuwari 6, 2015. I-NINDS Dementia ngeeLay Bodies Information Page.}