Ukuhlaselwa kwe-ischemic ehamba phambili (iTIA), okubizwa ngokuba yi-mini-stroke, kukulahleka kwexesha eliqhelekileyo lomsebenzi we-neurological oqhelekileyo, obangelwa ukuphazanyiswa kwexesha elide lokuphuma kwegazi ukuya kwinxalenye yengqondo.
Ukwahlukana kuphela phakathi kwe-TIA kunye ne- stroke yangempela kukuba kwi-TIA, ukuhamba kwegazi kubuyiselwa ngaphambi kokuba izicubu zengqondo zife. Nabani na oye waba ne-TIA inomngcipheko omkhulu wokuba nesifo esizalisiweyo kwisiganeko esizayo.
Ngoko, ukuba ucinga ukuba unokuba ne-TIA, kubalulekile ukuba ufune unyango lwezempilo ngokukhawuleza.
Iimpawu
Iimpawu ze-TIA zifana nezibonakaliso zesifo, ngaphandle kokuba iimpawu ze-TIA zihamba emva kwemizuzu ukuya kwiiyure.
Iimpawu ezichanekileyo onokuzenza nazo nge-TIA ziyahlukahluka kakhulu, kwaye zithembele kuyo nayiphi na inxalenye kunye nokuba ubuninzi beengqondo zithintela ukuhamba kwegazi. Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo zeTIA ziquka:
- Ubuthathaka esandleni, ingalo, umlenze, ubuso, ulwimi, okanye ubuso
- Ubungqina kwisandla, ingalo, umlenze, ubuso, ulwimi, okanye ubuso
- Ukungakwazi ukuthetha ngokuhambelana
- Ukungcola okungabonakaliyo, ngokuqhelekileyo nge-vertigo (ukuvakalelwa kwelo gumbi)
- Umbono ombini, ukulahlekelwa ngumbono kombono, okanye ezinye iziphazamiso ezibonakalayo
I-TIA ikwahlula kwi-stroke kuphela xa iimpawu zizinyathelo ngokwabo. Kuze kube ngulo mzuzwana, kuzo zonke iinjongo ezifanelekileyo, unesifo. Ukuba wena okanye othandekayo ufumana nayiphi na le mpawu, kufuneka ufumane unyango ngokukhawuleza.
Musa ukulinda ukuze ubone ukuba izinto ziba ngcono ngokwabo!
Izizathu
I-TIA ibangelwa ziinkqubo ezifanayo zesifo ezivelisa ukuphazamiseka - ukukhutshwa kwemibhobho ebuchosheni, ngenxa ye- atherosclerosis okanye ukumbumba .
Ukwahlukana nje kuphela kukuba ngo-stroke, ukuvalwa kwexesha kubambelela ngokwaneleyo ukuvelisa ukufa kweengxube zengqondo.
Nge-TIA ukucinywa kwexesha elide, kwaye izicubu zengqondo zifumana emva kokuba ukucinywa kwamandla kukuphucula.
I-TIA iyafana ne- angina engaqinisekiyo , imeko apho ukuvalwa kwexesha elidlulileyo kwimibhobho ye-coronary kubangela intlungu yesifuba . Kwaye njengokuba i-angina engaqinisekiyo idla ngokusondeza i- myocardial infarction epheleleyo, ukuvela kwe-TIA kubonisa ukuba uhlangothi olupheleleyo luya kwenzeka.
Ngenxa yokuba umngcipheko wokuba uhlangothi luphezulu kwiintsuku ezimbalwa zokuqala ukuya kwiiveki emva kwe-TIA, ukulibaziseka ekufuneni uncedo lwezonyango lunokuba yingozi.
Unyango
Injongo ephambili yokunyanga umntu ophethe i-TIA kukuthintela isifo.
Ukuba ugqirha wakho ucinga ukuba unayo i-TIA, mhlawumbi unokuba neyodwa okanye ngaphezulu kwezi zilandelayo mvavanyo, ezijoliswe ekuboneni imbangela echanekileyo yesiganeko:
- Ukucinga ngeBongo nge- CT okanye iMRI ukuskena
- Ukucingwa kweemitha ezinkulu zegazi ezibonelela ngengqondo, nokuba yi-CT okanye nge-catheterization
- Ukuhlolwa kwentliziyo, ngokuqhelekileyo kunye ne- echocardiography , ukukhangela umthombo wamacenge egazi onokuyifaka engqondweni
Emva kokuba olu vavanyo lugqibile, unyango lwakho ugqirha luya kuxhomekeka kakhulu kwizinto ezifunyenweyo. Unyango luhlala luquka:
- Ukuphatha ngokugqithiseleyo ingozi yokuvelisa i-atherosclerosis, njengokuphatha unyango ophezulu kunye ne- cholesterol , ukufumana ulawulo oluhle kakhulu lwesifo sikashukela, nokukhuthaza (ukufuna, ukuba kunokwenzeka) ukuyeka ukutshaya .
- Ulwaphulo lwe-antiplatelet ukuvimbela ukubunjwa kwamaqhekeza angavumelekanga ngaphakathi kwemithambo, kunye ne-aspirin, i-aspirin kunye ne-dipyridamole, okanye i-Plavix (clopidogrel).
- I-antiticoagulation yonyango neCourmadin (warfarin).
- Ukuba ukufunyanwa ngokuphawulekayo kwicyrotidi yecarotid kufumaneka, ugqirha wakho unokuncoma "i- carotid endarterectomy " (ukulungiswa kokucoca ukuvalwa). Ukugqithisa kwe-artery carotid, ngeli xesha lenzekile , alubonakalwanga ngokuqinisekileyo ukuba lukhuselekile okanye lusebenza ngokulungiswa kokucoca.
Isishwankathelo
I-TIA yinkinga enkulu yonyango, nangona iimpawu zizinzela ngokwazo. Ngokufuna unonophelo lwangonyango olukhawulezayo emva kwe-TIA, unokunciphisa kakhulu imingcipheko yokuba nesifo esipheleleyo.
Imithombo:
Easton, JD, Saver, JL, Albers, GW, et al. Inkcazelo kunye nokuvavanywa kokuhlaselwa kwe-ischemic. I-AHA / ASA iScientific Statement. Stroke 2009; 40: 2276.
I-Kernan WN, i-Ovbiagele B, i-Black HR, kunye ne-al. Izikhokelo zokuthintelwa kwesifo kwizigulane ezine-stroke kunye nokuhlaselwa kwe-ischemic esingaphantsi kwexesha: isikhokelo sabasebenzi bezempilo be-American Heart Association / i-American Stroke Association. Stroke 2014; 45: 2160.