I- embolus yi-particle okanye ubunzima obuhamba ngegazi, ezinokuthi zifake kwisitya segazi, ukuvelisa nokukhupha umonakalo. Ubuninzi be-embolus bubonakala . Umonakalo womzimba obangelwa yi-embolus ngokuqhelekileyo ubizwa ngokuba ngumcimbi we- embolic .
I-embolus ingaba ne-blood clot, i-fat, umoya, i-pus, i-cholesterol, i-amniotic fluid, okanye umzimba wangaphandle.
I-Embolus vs. Thrombus neTromboembolus
Iimpawu ezibandakanya kunye ne-thrombus zihlala zididekile. I- thrombus yi-clot yegazi eyenza ngaphakathi kwenkqubo ye-vascular. Ukuba loo mpahla yegazi ikhulula kwaye ihamba ngegazi, ibe yinto yokuzibandakanya.
I-embromus equkethe i-thrombus eye yahlanjululwa kwisayithi yayo yemvelaphi ngamanye amaxesha ibizwa ngokuba yi- thromboembolism .
Imizekelo yezifo ze-Embolic
- I- pulmonary embolus i-embolus (ininzi ngokuqhelekileyo, i-clot yegazi) ehamba emapapeni kwaye ivelise umonakalo wamaphaphu. I-pulmonary embolus ibangelwa yi- thrombosis enzulu emilenzeni.
- Ubumbano lwe-cerebral luyi-embolus efaka kwi-artery ehambisa ingqondo, evelisa isifo . Isizathu esiqhelekileyo sokubumba kwe-cerebral is fibrillation ye-arrivri . Enyanisweni, injongo ephambili yokuphatha i-fibrillation ye-atrial kukuthintela ukushaywa komzimba.
- I- fat embolus iyakwenzeka xa ukuphuka kwethambo elide likhupha amafutha amaninzi kwigazi. I-fat emboli isoloko ihamba kwimiphunga okanye kwingqondo, ivelisa i-pulmonary embolus okanye i-stroke.
- I- septic embolus ubuninzi beetyhubhu eziqukethe ibhaktiya okanye i-pus engena egazini ukusuka kwisiza sosulelo. Iimbangela ze-septic embolus zibandakanya i- endocarditis engathintekiyo okanye isifo kwiziko le-cathter.
- Ukubandakanywa komoya kubangelwa ixabiso elincinci lomoya elingenako ukuhambisa ngexesha leenkqubo zonyango (njengophando okanye inkqubo yokucoca ).
- I- cholesterol embolus ibangelwa ukukhululwa kwamafutha e-cholesterol kwi- plaque ye-atherosclerotic . Ezi kristali zingafaka kwi-artery ngaphantsi kwiplani kwaye ibangele umonakalo wesisu. I-cholesterol emboli edla ngokuqhelekileyo isifo sesifo somzobo , kwaye umonakalo obangelwayo kuxhomekeke kwindawo yendawo. Imiboniso ingabandakanywa neenzwane ezibuhlungu ezinobuluhlaza, i-gangrene yamagqabi angaphantsi, ukuguquka kwesikhumba, ukungaphumeleli kwezintso, intlungu yesisu, ukuphuma kwamagciwane, ukuphazamiseka kwesifo, okanye isifo se-nerve.
- I- amniotic fluid embolus yinkxwaleko engaqhelekanga ehambelana nokubeletha. Yibangelwa yi-amniotic fluid, okanye iiseli ezichithwe ukususela kumntwana, zifaka ukusabalalisa umama ngebhedi yolwandle. Umonakalo owenziwe kumama one-amniotic fluid embolus ngokuqhelekileyo awubangelwa yindawo yokulala kwindawo ethile, kodwa kunoko, kubangelwa yi-jikelele, esoloko iphazamisekile, isisombululo esiphezulu kwimizimba "yamanye amazwe". I-amniotic fluid embolus isenzakalo esiyingozi kakhulu esivame ukubulala.
- Umzimba wasemzini ungumnye umcimbi ongaqhelekanga, ngokuqhelekileyo unxulumene nenkqubo yonyango. Ngokomzekelo, i-talc yokungena egazini ingaba yi-embolus.
- I- "paradoxical" i-embolus i-embolus ephuma kwisihlunu esiphelela ekufakeni kwi-artery. I-embolus edibanisayo idinga indlela esuka kwicala lasekunene lentliziyo ukuya kwesobunxele; umzekelo, nge- patent foramen ovale .
> Imithombo:
> Lin HJ, Wolf PA, uKelly-Hayes M, et al. Ukuqhaqhazeka kwesithintelo kwi-Fibrillation ye-Atrial. Isifundo seFramingham. Stroke 1996; 27: 1760.
> Norgren L, uHiatt WR, iDormandy JA, et al. Ubumbano-Inter-Society Consensus for the Management of Peripheral Arterial Disease (TASC II). J Vasc Surg 2007; I-Suppl S: S5.
> Tagalakis V, Patenaude V, Kahn SR, et al. Impembelelo kunye nokufa kwabantu abavela kwi-Thromboembolism e-Venous kwi-Real-world Population: i-Q-VTE Study Group. U-J Med 2013; 126: 832.e13.