Isifo somgubo we-pipeline (PAD) yimeko apho enye okanye eminye yemibhobho ehambisa igazi kwimilenze, iingalo, intloko okanye isisu zivalwe okanye zivaliwe, ngokuqhelekileyo ngenxa ye- atherosclerosis . Ukuba ukuhamba kwegazi ukuya kwimilenze ayinelisekile ukuqhubeka kunye nemfuno, umntu onengqondo ye-PAD unokufumana iimpawu.
Iimpawu
Uphawu oluqhelekileyo lwe-PAD "ukutyunjwa." Ukuqhaqhazela intlungu, ukuphazamiseka okanye ukuphazamiseka - okuyahlukahluka nje ngokucaphukisa kakhulu - okwenzeka kwilungu elichaphazelekayo.
Ngokuqhelekileyo, ukunyanzeliswa kwenzeka ngexesha lokuzilolonga, kwaye kukhululeka ngokuphumla.
Ekubeni i-PAD ixhaphaze imilenze, ukubethelwa ngokugqithiseleyo kubonakala ngokufana nentlungu yomlenze xa uhamba. Ngokuxhomekeka kwimeko apho umlenze wesigxina uvimba khona, ukuhlulwa komlenze kunokuchaphazela unyawo, ithole, umlenze okanye iintambo. Abantu abane-PAD kwelinye leemibhobho ezinika iziphumo ezingaphezulu ziyakwazi ukubethelwa kwimbalo okanye kwihlombe; kwaye abanye banokufumana iimpawu zeengqondo ngexesha lomzimba wesandla, imeko ebizwa ngokuthi "i- subclavian steal syndrome ."
Ngamanye amaxesha i-PAD iya kubangela ukunyanzeliswa okuqhubekayo kwithuba lokuphumla. Ukuphumla ukuhlengahlengisa kuthetha ukuba ukukhutshwa kwamagciwane kunzima kakhulu, kwaye inxalenye esithintekayo ayifumani ukuthuthwa kwegazi okwaneleyo nakwiindawo zokuphumla.
Kungenxa yokuba ukubethelela akusoloko kulandelelanisa iphethini - oko kukuthi, intlungu ngexesha lokuzikhandla, ukuxhamla ngexesha lokuphumla - ukuxilongwa kwe-PAD kufuneka kuthathelwe ingqalelo nayiphi na ixesha umntu ongaphezu kweminyaka engama-50 ubudala, obunomngcipheko we-atherosclerosis , amava angachazwanga iingalo okanye imilenze.
I-PAD enzima kakhulu ingakhokelela kwisilonda kunye nesifo segciwane lesigungu esithintekayo.
Izizathu
Kwiimeko ezininzi, i-PAD ibangelwa yi- atherosclerosis . Oku kuthetha ukuba iintlobo ezifanayo zemingcipheko ezenza izifo ze-coronary disease (CAD) - ngokukodwa ukuphakanyiswa kwamazinga e- cholesterol , ukutshaya , uxinzelelo lwegazi kunye nesifo sikashukela- kwakhona kuvelisa i-PAD.
Enyanisweni, ngenxa yokuba i-PAD ne-CAD ibangelwa yinkqubo efanayo yesifo, xa i-PAD ifunyaniswa, ngokuqhelekileyo ithetha ukuba iCAD ikhona.
Okungaqhelekanga, i-PAD ibonakala kubantu abangenayo i-atherosclerosis. Ngokomzekelo, i-PAD ingabangelwa ngengozi kwimilenze, ukuvezwa kwimizila, kunye neziyobisi ezithile (izidakamizwa ze-ergotamine) ezisetyenziselwa ukuphatha i- migraine intloko .
Ukuxilongwa
I-PAD inokufunyaniswa ukuba ibe novavanyo olungenayo. Kwezinye iimeko, i-PAD inokufunyanwa ngokuhlolwa kwangokwenyama, xa i-pulse eyancitshisiwe ibonakala kwilungu elichaphazelekayo. Ngokuqhelekileyo, nangona kunjalo, enye yeemvavanyo eziliqela ezifunekayo ukuxilonga i-PAD.
Ukufumanisa i-PAD kwimilenze ingenziwa ngokusebenzisa " isalathisi ye-ankle-brachial ", okanye i-ABI, apho uxinzelelo lwegazi lulinganiswa kwaye lufaniswa kwi-ankle nangengalo. Inkcazo ephantsi ye-ABI ibonisa ukunciphisa uxinzelelo lwegazi kwimitha yomlenze , okubonisa ukuba i-PAD ikho.
I-Plethysmography yinto enye esetyenziswayo yokufumanisa i-PAD. Ngolu vavanyo, umoya uphonyelwa kwisiqulatho seentsimbi ezibekwa emlenzeni, kwaye uxinzelelo lwe- pulsity of artery phantsi kwekhefu nganye liqikelelwa. Ukucinywa kwendawo ethile kwindawo yomthamo kuya kubangela uxinzelelo lwe-pulse olunciphise ngaphaya kommandla wokucima.
"I-Duplex ultrasonography" yiyo vavanyo ekhethekileyo ye-ultrasound eyenza uqikelelo lokuhamba kwegazi kumanqanaba athile ngaphakathi komthi.
Ukukhahla ngokukhawuleza ekuphumeni kwegazi kubonisa ukukhutshwa okuyingxenye kwindawo yokulahla.
Ukuba ugqirha wakho uphonsela i-PAD, enye okanye ngaphezulu kwezi zivavanyo ezingenakunqamla ngokuqhelekileyo zanele ukwenza ukuxilongwa. Namhlanje, i-ABI ngumvavanyo esetyenziswa kakhulu.
Unyango
Nangona i-PAD enobubele okanye ephakathiyo ingaphathwa ngamachiza kunye nokuguquka kwendlela yokuphila, iimeko ezinzima kakhulu zifuna ukuhlinzwa ngonyango okanye i-angioplasty ukukhupha izicwangciso. Nazi ezinye iinkcukacha malunga nophatho lwe-PAD .
Imithombo:
Hirsch, AT, Criqui, MH, Treat-Jacobson, D, et al. Ukuphazamiseka kwesifo se-Peripheral diagnosis, awareness, kunye nonyango ekwinkathalo eyintloko. JAMA 2001; 286: 1317.
Hirsch, AT, Haskal, ZJ, Hertzer, NR, et al. I-ACC / AHA 2005 Zenza izikhokelo zokulawula izigulane ezinezifo zesifo se-peripheral (umgca ophantsi, u-renal, i-mesenteric, kunye ne-aortic esiswini): ingxelo evela kumbutho waseMelika we-Articular Surgery / Society for Surgery Vascular, Society for Cardiovascular Angiography and Interventions , UMbutho weMascular Medicine kunye ne-Biology, i-Society of Radiology Interventional, kunye ne-ACC / AHA Task Force kwiZikhokelo zokuSebenza (iKomidi yokuBhala ukuPhucula iziKhokelo zoLawulo lweZigulane nge-Peripheral Arterial Disease): zivunywe yi-American Association of Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Rehabilitation ; I-Heart Heart, i-Lung, ne-Blood Institute; Umbutho weeNtshukela zeVascular; I-TransAtlantic Inter-Society Consensus; kunye neVascular Disease Foundation. Uhambo luka-2006; 113: e463.