I-Endocarditis yintsholongwane ebalulekileyo (okanye ukuvuvukala) kwentliziyo. Ngokomsebenzi, i-endocarditis yintsholongwane okanye ukuvuvukala kwe-endocardium, ephakathi kwentliziyo. Oku kuthetha ukuba i-endocarditis yintsholongwane yeentsimbi zentliziyo. Iyakuchukumisa amacebo (abenzi be-pacemaker, i-defibrillators, kunye nee-wire) kunye ne-valves ezenzelwe.
Kwenzekani
Kwi-endocarditis, izityalo-okanye iiqoqo ze-microbes kunye ne-fibrin yabantu kunye neeplatelets-zidibanisa kwiintsimbi zentliziyo. Baye baqhube phambili nangapha njengoko i-valve ivula kwaye ivala. Ezi zityalo zinokuchaphazela ukuhamba kwegazi. Baya kuphuka baze bahlasele kwezinye iindawo zomzimba. Oku kunokuthetha ukulimaza ingqondo kunye nemiphunga. Ezi zityalo zenziwe ngeqoqo le-motley yeeplatelets, fibrin, kunye ne-bacteria (okanye i-fungi) ebangela ukusuleleka. Bangakwazi ukukhula bekhudlwana kwaye baninzi ukuba kuqaliswe unyango olufanelekileyo.
Ziyafana Kanjani?
Akunjalo. E-US, ichaphazela 1 kwi-10,000 ukuya ku-1 kuma-20,000 aseMerika ngonyaka. Nangona kunjalo, phakathi kwalabo basebenzisa izidakamizwa ezinobungozi (njenge heroin), 1-2 ukuya ku-1000 baya ku sulelwa (kwaye mhlawumbi ngaphezulu).
Ngubani Owenzayo
Abaninzi abasifumanayo sele benengxaki ngentliziyo yabo. Ukukhubazeka kwentliziyo esele ikhona ngaphambili kufumaneka kwi-3 kwi-4 ephucula i-endocarditis. Ngokuqhelekileyo, oku kuthetha ukuba into ephosakeleyo ngeentsimbi zentliziyo okanye unobungozi entliziyweni yabo.
Abanye basenokuba neentliziyo okanye bazalwa benentliziyo engavamile. Iingxaki zevilve zivame ukufunyanwa xa ugqirha eva ukukrokra. Ikwafumaneka kwakhona ngokuphonononga ngokuthe ngqo, njenge-ultrasound yentliziyo ebizwa nge-Echo (Echocardiogram). Kufuneka ucele ugqirha wakho malunga nale nto ukuba unemibuzo.
Kukho iifayile ezihlukeneyo kunye neentlobo ezahlukeneyo zeengxaki. Ezinye iiplavini zinyanzele-stenosis. Ezinye iiplavayi ziyi-floppy-regurgitation. Kulabo bahlakulela i-endocarditis, abangaphezu kwe-40% baya kuba neengxaki ze-mitral valve (ngokuthe ngqo ukubuyiswa kwe-mitral), ngelixa i-25% iya kuba neengxaki ze- aortic (i-aortic regurgitation) eziziintlobo zombini iingxaki ze-valve.
Abanye baya kufumana i-endocarditis kuba banakho amathuba okuba neebhaktheriya zihamba ngegazi labo. Ukuba iibhaktheriya kwiimida zegazi zibeka ingozi yokuba ii-bacteria zihlala emhlabeni kwiiplavines. Iibhaktheriya ziyafumaneka kwigazi ngexabiso elincinci kwiimbalwa ezincinci zexesha, kodwa ngamanye amaxesha ukuhamba kwebhakteria kunokuba kubekho ixesha elide. Oku kunokwenzeka xa abantu benesifo sezokwelapha okanye amazinyo. Naliphi na ixesha inaliti okanye i-scalpel iyabulala ekhumbeni, kukho umngcipheko weebhaktheriya ezisesikhumbeni (okanye inaliti okanye isalathisi) ziya kungena ngaphakathi. Abo bana-hemodialysis basengozini (ingaphantsi kwe-8% yezigulane ze-endocarditis zi-dialysis).
Abanye abasengozini yilabo abasebenzisa inaliti yokusetyenziswa kweziyobisi. Phantse i-10% yeziganeko ze-endocarditis ziphakathi kwabo basebenzisa izidakamizwa ezinobungozi , njenge heroin.
Oko Kuvezwayo
Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-endocarditis.
Ezi ntlobo zixhomekeke kwiyiphi i-bug ekukuthintelayo-kwaye nokuba ingaba yindalo (yemveli) i-valve okanye isalathisi esisifo.
Ulwahlulo oluphawulekayo luphakathi kokusuleleka kwintsholongwane . Ezinye iibhaktheriya zivame ukudala ukugula ngokukhawuleza. Ezinye iibhaktheriya ngokuqhelekileyo zibangela ukugula ngokukhawuleza kwaye ngokungenasiphelo, apho umonakalo omkhulu ungenzeka phambi kokuba ubani azi ukuba kukho ingxaki.
I-Infective Endocarditis iyakwazi ukuphawulwa ngumkhuhlane ophezulu, ukugubha, ukukhathala okukhulu kunye nentlungu yesifuba, ukuphefumula okufutshane okungaze kwenzeke ngokukhawuleza.
I-Subacute I-Infective Endocarditis ithatha ixesha elide ukuba iqaphele, ngokuqhelekileyo ubuncinane ubuncinane kwiiveki ezi-1-2, kodwa ngezinye ixesha ixesha elide.
Ukutshatyalaliswa kwezifo kuphawulwe ngamagciwane angaphantsi, ukhathala ngokuqhelekileyo, ukutya okubi, ukulahleka kwesisindo, intlungu emva, ubusuku busika, ukukhupha, ubuhlungu bentloko, kunye nentlungu emiswini okanye kumalungu. Ngamanye amaxesha kuphawulwe ukuba zizinto ezincinci, iifomsi zamathambo eminwe okanye ezinzwaneni kunye nemithambo yegazi ephukileyo emininini okanye kwiintonga (okanye amehlo).
I-Endocarditis ye-Infective ingaba yinto ebangelwa nguStaph Aureus . I-Subacute idla ngokubangelwa yi-Streptococcal (Strep) ibhaktheriya, ngakumbi i-viridian streptococci, kunye ngamanye amaxesha ngama-entococci kunye neentlobo ze-Staph.
Ukutshatyalaliswa kwezifo ngokuqhelekileyo kuvela kwiindawo zomzimba apho ziqhelekileyo zifunyanwa ngabantu abaphilileyo. Izifo ezithintekayo zihlala zivela emlonyeni ngokusebenzisa izibonda okanye umsebenzi wamazinyo. Ezinye izifo zivela emathunjini kwaye i-enterococci idla ngokufumaneka kwiphepha le-genitourinary. Ezi bhaktheriya zinokuphelela kwigazi ukusuka kwiinkqubo zonyango okanye ezicwangcisiweyo.
Iintlobo
Ngaphandle kwezinto ezinzima kunye nokuxhatshazwa, zininzi iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zentsholongwane kuxhomekeke kwi-a) yiyiphi i-valve echaphazelekayo b) yiyiphi ibhaktheriya okanye i-fungus echaphazelekayo c) indlela inokusuleleka ngayo intsholongwane. Iiplavines ezichaphazelekayo zi-Aortic ne-Mitral ngokuqhelekileyo (kwicala lasekhohlo lentliziyo) kunye ne-Tricuspid kunye ne-Pulmonic (kwicala lasekunene lentliziyo).
Abo ba sulele kwi-injection usetyenziso lweziyobisi badla ngokufumana izifo eziphathekayo (ngokukodwa i-Tricuspid) ngelixa eli liqela kwabanye.
Imiphumela
Enye yeengozi ezinkulu kukuba izityalo zinokuthi zifake izixhobo eziphathekayo kwezinye iindawo zomzimba. Ezi zibizwa ngokuba yi-emboli. Ezi bits zinokuvala iinqanawa apho uphepha khona igazi-nokuba naphi na, kuxhomekeke kwicala luni lentliziyo. (Ikhohlo lasekhohlo ludla ngokupompoza umzimba kunye nengqondo, ngelixa igxala lokunene lipompozela kumaphaphu). Oku kungenza umonakalo omkhulu kunye nokusuleleka kwimiphunga kunye nengqondo, kubangela ukubetha, kunye nezinye iindawo zomzimba, kubandakanywa nezintso, isibindi, i-spleen, nemithambo yegazi ebalulekileyo.
Izifo zingenzima ukucima kwaye ziqhubeke zihluma iibhaktheriya egazini, zikhokelela kwiintsholongwane ezinzulu ezingalawulekiyo.
Izifo ziya kutshabalalisa isigxina kwaye zikhokelela ekuphelelweni kwentliziyo.
Unyango
Uninzi luya kudinga iiveki ezimbalwa ze-antibiotics. Imirhumo eyahlukeneyo kuxhomekeke kwintsholongwane (kunye ne-valve) ukusuka kwiiveki ezi-2 ukuya kwezi-6 . Oku kuthatha ibhaktheriya icacile nge-antibiotics.
Abanye badinga ukuhlinzwa. Oku kufuthi kubandakanya abo baneemvengezelo zokuhlala, izifo eziqhubekayo, ukungaphumeleli kwentliziyo, ukunyuka kwenhliziyo njengoko usulelo luya entliziyweni esuka kwivavve.
Ukuthintela Inkinga Yentliziyo Ekhoyo
Abanye abasemngciphekweni omkhulu baya kufumana ama-antibiotiki phambi kweenkqubo ezithile zonyango okanye ezicwangcisiweyo. Kubalulekile ukuba uthethe ugqirha okanye unesi, kunye nodokotela wakho wamazinyo ngomngcipheko kunye neengxaki zakho phambi kwenkqubo. Abo bajongwa njengengozi enkulu kakhulu, abo bane-valvetic (yokufakelwa) i-valve, i-Infective Endocarditis yangaphambili, izifo ezithile zeentliziyo zesifo (intliziyo yesifo ozalelwe nayo) kunye nalabo abaneentsholongwane zentliziyo abaneengxaki ze-valve.
Ukuba unenkxalabo malunga nokuba usengozini, nceda uthetha kunye nezobugcisa bezempilo.
Ngaba i-Rheumatic Fever ayibangela iingxaki zeentliziyo?
Ewe ngokunjalo. I-rheumatic fever inokubangela ukuvuvukala entliziyweni, kodwa njengoko isifo siqhubeka sikhona i-fibrosis ye-valve, enokubangela ukuba ibe nzima okanye i-floppy (stenosis okanye ukubuyiselwa kwakhona). Yibangelwa izifo ze-Group A strep.
Xa engekho-sulela
Inokuthi ingabi yintsholongwane. Ngamanye amaxesha oku kuya kunxulumana ne-rheumatologic kunye neengxaki zokuzimela.
Ingaba Iimvenge Eziphethwe Ngayo?
Usulelo lungaphinda lubandakanye ezinye iindawo ezingaphakathi kwintliziyo kubandakanywa "kwingxondorha entliziyweni" (njengesiphene kwiindonga ezahlula iindidi ezahlukeneyo zentliziyo) kunye neentambo (i-chordae tendineae) ezixhomekeke kwiiplavines.