Zonke malunga nezifo zeMRSA
UMasipala we-MRSA isisigxina se- staphylococcus aureus engamelana ne-methicillin , enomlomo ukuba isifo se-MRSA sisisifo se- Staphylococcus aureus (intsholongwane ye-bacaph "staph") engaxhatshali kwiinkqubo ezininzi ze-antibiotics. Nakhu okwenzekayo - malunga ne-30% yabo bonke abantu bayakoloniweyo (kwesikhumba okanye kwimpumlo yabo) nge- Staphylococcus aureus .
Ikholoni nje kuthetha ukuba ii- staphylococcus aureus bugs zingenakulungeleka zikhupha esikhumbeni. Akukho mcimbi omkhulu, amaninzi ezincinci ezincinci zixhomekeke ngaphandle kwimizimba yethu, iStaphylococcus aureus yinto enye kuphela.
Kufuneka Ufunde: Zikhusele kwiiMIDS
I-Staphylococcus I-Aureus Infections, iminyaka eyi-Ago
Kodwa ukuba le Staphylococcus aureus ifika apho kungabi khona (yithetha phantsi kwesikhumba sakho ngxeba) kwaye isistim sakho sokuzivikela asiyikufikelela kumngeni, unokugqiba nge-"Staph" intsholongwane. "I-Staph" isifo esiphelele (esoloko sikhona) ukusuleleka kwizibhedlele . Ukususela kuma-30% abantu baqeshwe, kukhotha ukuba "iStaph" yonke indawo. "I-Staph" ngaphandle komzimba wakho ungena ngaphakathi okanye umongikazi, emva kokuchukumisa isigulane esinye, uyakhohlwa ukuba uhlambe izandla kwaye ulethe izigulane ze Staphylococcus aureus kwisilonda sakho. Ehlabathini, yonke i- Staphylococcus aureus ayiyona into enkulu - asikwazi ukufumana amanxeba avulekileyo kwaye isimiso sethu sokuzivikela sisasebenza kakhulu. Kodwa esibhedlele, baninzi abantu abanomkhuhlane ovulekileyo (ngenxa yokuhlinzwa, ama-catheters, ama-catheters, ama-injuries, njl njl njl njl) kunye ne-immune system ayikho i-100% (ngenxa yokugula), ukuba "iStaph" izifo ziqhelekile.I-antibiotics isetyenziselwa ukwenza umsebenzi omhle ukulwa nokusuleleka kwi-"Staph", de kube i- staphylococcus aureus yaqala ukuvumelanisa nezifo.
Ezinye ze- Staphylococcus aureus , nje ngethuba elingenamsebenzi, alizange lenzakaliswe yi-antibiotics njengabanye. Ezi ziphilayo zasinda, zanda kwaye zadala i- staphylococcus aureus enjenge-them-resistant to antibiotics. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, ezi zigubu ezinobuqili zaba zichasi, ukuba i-arsenal yethu ye-antibiotics ayisasebenzi. Ezi zigubu ezintsha zibizwa ngokuba yi "Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus " okanye i-MRSA. Ngo-1961, iibhakteria zokuqala ze-MRSA zachongwa. Ukususela ngoko umqolo awuxhatshali nje ukufikelela kwi-methicillin kodwa ukuba i-amoxicillin, i-penicillin, i-oxacillin, kunye nezinye ezininzi iintsholongwane .
Izifo zoMasipala namhlanje
Kulinganiselwa ukuba malunga nama-5% abantu base-US baqeshwe nge-MRSA (intsingiselo, i-MRSA isesikhumbeni okanye kwimpumlo yabo, kodwa "ayifumaneki"). Abantu abakholoni banomngcipheko ophezulu wokufumana isifo sokungenwa kwe-MRSA - umzekelo, ukuba umntu we-MRSA okholisiweyo unomsebenzi kwaye ibhakteria ye-MRSA elukhumbeni iya kwilonda, kunokubakho ingxaki enkulu.Akunjalo nje, kodwa i-MRSA ikoloni kwaye i-MRSA igciwane lesandulela ngculaza i- MRSA ibhaktheriya kwiindawo ezibhedlele. Kuqikelelwa ukuba i-75% yezigulane zezigulane zihlaselwe yi-MRSA ne-VRE.
Uphando lubonisa ukuba ukuba unonophelo lwezempilo uhamba egumbini lesigulane kwaye engaboniswanga ngokomzimba nesigulane, iiglavu zakhe ziya kuhlambulula u-42% wexesha, nje kuphela ekuthintekeni kwendawo.
Ngo-2005, bekukho izibhedlele ezingama-368,600 ezihlala kwi-MRSA. Le nto yayiyintathu inani lokungenwa kwe-MRSA ngo-2000 kunye namaxesha aphindwe ngama-10 kwinani ukusuka ngo-1995. Phantse kwi-60% yazo zonke izifo "iStaph" kwizibhedlele ngoku izifo ze-MRSA. Ngokubanzi, i-MRSA iqikelelwa ukuba yenze malunga ne-8% yazo zonke izibhedlele ezifumanekileyo.
Ubunzima Kangakanani Inkinga Yokungenwa KweM MRSA?
Mhlawumbi uye wabona ezinye iingxelo malunga neengxaki ze-MRSA kunye nokuba zinkulu kangakanani. Andifuni ukusasaza inzwa, kodwa mhlawumbi inkulu kunokuba ucinge. Nazi ezinye izinto ezinokuthi zenze i-MRSA kukunika ingqondo engcono yobungakanani bentsholongwane ye-MRSA:UMasipala we-MRSA, i-US Statistics
- Inombolo ye-MRSA isulele unyaka ngamnye: 880,000 (amanani ka-2007)
- % yezibhedlele zezibhedlele ze-MRSA ezitheleleke ngonyaka: 2.4%
- Iindleko ezongeziweyo kwi-HIV / AIDS: okungenani i-$ 10,000
- Iindleko ezipheleleyo zonyango lwe-MRSA ngonyaka: malunga ne-$ 8 billion
- Umlinganiselo wenyuka ubude bokuhlala: 6 iintsuku ezongezelelweyo zesibhedlele
- % abantu abane-HIVSA abafayo: 5%
- Inani le-MRSA lokusulela ukusuleleka ngonyaka: 20,000 ukuya kuma-40,000
Ukunyangwa kwe-MRSA, kwihlabathi jikelele
Imeko yehlabathi ye-MRSA yinto enzima ukufumana isibamba. EYurophu, ingxaki ayibonakali imbi njengase-United States, ngenxa yohlukwano lokumisela i-antibioitics kunye nenye ngenxa yeendlela zokulawula eziye zafakwa (ezifana nokuhlolwa kwe-MRSA zonke izigulane kwezinye izicwangciso ). Oko kwathiwa, isifo esiyingozi sisasaza kwaye njengoko i-MRSA ihamba esuka e-US ukuya eYurophu, lindele ukujonga amazinga ayenayo nakhona.Oku kwenzeka ntoni?
Kukho izizathu ezininzi esinengxaki ye-MRSA namhlanje. Isizathu esona sisisiseko kukuba i- Staph bacteria iye yaxhathisa ukumelana nemethicillin kunye nezinye i-antibiotics. Ngoba? Ukuchasana kwama-antibiotiki kuguquka ngokunyanzeliswa okukhethiweyo kunye nokuguqulwa okungahleliwe. Nangona iibhaktheriya ziphinda ziphendule, inxalenye yalezo zenziwe (ngekhefu) zinokuthi ziguqulwe kwaye zikwazi ukusinda nakwiindawo zokulwa namayeza. Abo basindayo bangafanelekile ukuba baqhubeke nokuvelisa kwaye babangele ukugula. Kukho neenkcukacha ezininzi zokusetyenziswa kakubi kwee-antibiotics kwiminyaka emininzi ibe negalelo kwiingxaki. Ngenxa yokuba sasebenzisa ama-antibiotics iminyaka emininzi. Ngokomzekelo, ii-antibiotics zivame ukunyulwa kwiintsholongwane (njengokuba abantu bebandayo okanye umkhuhlane), oku kubangela ukuxhamla kwiibhaktheriya. Xa zibonakaliswe kwii-antibiotics, ezinye iibhaktheriya ngokwemvelo "zinzima" kunabanye. Ezi bhaktheriya ziphila (ngakumbi xa izigulane zingathathi i-dose epheleleyo ye-antibiotics). Basinda, bavelise kwaye bavelise inzala engavumelekanga. Qhubeka nomjikelezo wesithuba seminyaka emininzi kwaye utsha olutsha lwebhaktheriya lubonakala lukhuselekanga kwi-antibiotic.Kodwa akusiyo kuphela ukusetyenziswa kakubi kwemichiza enengxaki, kukho ukusetyenziswa kakubi kwee-antibiotics kwishishini lesilwanyana. Lezo antibiotics ziphela ekudleni nasekunikezeni amanzi, ukubonelela ngeqondo elincinci le-antibiotics elinceda ukudala ibhaktheriya engaxhatshazwayo.
Liliphi Ikamva?
Okunye okufanayo, amaninzi amaninzi. Akukho zibonakaliso ukuba i-MRSA kunye nezinye izifo ziyahlaselwa. Ngokukhawuleza ukuba isifo esisodwa silawulwa phantsi, kubonakala ngathi kukho ezimbini ukuba zitshintshe. Ngoxa i-MRSA ihlala ixhalaba kakhulu (kungekho zibonakaliso zokunciphisa), i-superbugs ezimbini sele sele ikulungele ukuyilawula: C. no A. Baumannii.Kufuneka ufunde: Zikhusele kwiiNgxaki ze-MRSA
Imithombo:
Iphepha leCDC kwi-MRSA
John L. Zeller, MD, PhD, umbhali; U-Alison E. Burke, MA, umzekeliso; URichard M. Glass, MD, uMhleli. Umbhalo we-American Medical Association. Vol. 298 No. 15, Oktobha 17, 2007.
Izifo ezithintekayo zeMethicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus eUnited States. R. Monina Klevens, uMelissa A. Morrison, uJoelle Nadle, uSusan Petit, uKen Gershman, uSusan Ray, uLee H. Harrison, uRuth Lynfield, uGhinwa Dumyati, uJohn M. Townes, u-Allen S. Craig, uElizabeth R. Zell, uGregory E I-Fosheim, uLinda K. McDougal, uRoberta B. Carey, uScott K. Fridkin, kunye ne-Bacterial Core Monitoring (ABCs). JAMA. 2007; 298 (15): 1763-1771.
AmaZiko eZiko lezeMpilo. Medline Plus. MRSA.
Isaziso esifutshane # 35. Iprojekthi yoNyango lweNdleko kunye nokuSebenza (HCUP). Julayi 2007. I-Arhente yoPhando lwezeMpilo kunye neMigangatho, i-Rockville, MD. www.hcup-us.ahrq.gov/reports/statbriefs/sb35.jsp.