I-syinee ekhethiweyo ye-epinephrine yokunyanga i-anaphylaxis kunye noxinzelelo olukhuselekileyo
I-Anaphylaxis iyingozi kakhulu, isongela ubomi besifo esichaphazelekayo esinokuphuhliswa kwimizuzu embalwa yokubonakala kwintambo. Ngamanye amaxesha i-trigger iyaziwa (umzekelo, ukungcola kokutya ezithile okanye imithi, izilwanyana okanye izilwanyana, okanye i -anaphylaxis eyenziwa ngumzimba ), kwaye ngamanye amaxesha i-trigger ecacileyo ayiyaziwayo.
Unyango lwalo mzimba onokufa lufuna ukujova ngokukhawuleza kwe-epinephrine kwisistim somntu, ngokukodwa phakathi kwetanga labo langaphandle.
Ngokwesiko, i-epinephrine auto-injection (ebizwa ngokuba yi-EAI), njenge-EpiPen, imiselwe oogqirha kwizigulane ezisengozini yokuphendula kwe-anaphylactic.
Kodwa enye imoto ye-epinephrine ivele. Ngo-Juni 2017, i-US Food and Drug Administration yavuma ukuba i-syneje i-epinephrine ene-dose eyodwa ebizwa ngokuba yi-Symjepi yonyango olusandulisayo lwe-anaphylaxis.
Nangona engekho inveli epheleleyo okanye unyango olulodwa-lise-epinephrine-Symjepi inikeza enye inketho kwi-EpiPen yendabuko, kwaye inokuba yindawo ethembisayo.
Esinye isizathu kukuba sincinci kune-Epipen, ngoko iyakwenziwa kwipokethi yengubo okanye isikhwama. Kodwa nangakumbi okuphawulekayo, kukuba iingcali zityhawula iSyjepi ziya kuba zibizi, ingcamango eyancwisayo kulabo abachitha imali eninzi ngeminyaka kwii-EpiPens zabo.
Indlela uSyjepi (Epinephrine) Ephatha ngayo iAnaphylaxis
I-Anaphylaxis inokuchaphazela amalungu amaninzi emzimbeni, kubandakanya isikhumba, imiphunga, intliziyo kunye neendlela zokutya.
Oku kunokukhokelela kwiimpawu ezahlukeneyo ezifana:
- Ukuqhayisa ngokugqithisileyo kunye nokugqithisa kwesikhumba (umzekelo, imihlathi )
- Ukuvuvukala ubuso, imilomo, umlomo okanye ulwimi
- Ukugubha
- Ukuphefumla
- Ukuthuka
- Intlungu zesisu
- Uhudo kunye nokuhlanza
- Ukukhawuleza kwenhliziyo
- Ukugqithisa kunye / okanye ukuphelelwa amandla (ukusuka kwingcinezelo yegazi ephantsi)
Isici esichengayo sokufa se-anaphylaxis kukuba ekugqibeleni kunokukhokelela ekubanjweni kwentliziyo, xa intliziyo iyeka ukubetha.
Injongo kaSimjepi (epinephrine) njengonyango lokuqala lwe-anaphylaxis kukulwa nemiphumo yale mpendulo. Ukwenza oku, i-epinephrine inamathele kwiimvumi ezimbini ezifumaneka kwiishubhu kuwo wonke umzimba, ezibizwa ngokuba yi-alpha-1 receptors kunye ne-beta-2 receptors.
Ngokusebenza kwezi receptors, i-epinephrin ibambelela imithwalo yegazi emzimbeni, kwaye oku kuya kuphakamisa uxinzelelo lwegazi lomntu. Kwakhona kunciphisa ukuvuvukala emqaleni, emlonyeni, kunye nomgudu wokugaya kunye nokwandisa umoya womntu, ngoko unokuphefumula ngokulula. Ekugqibeleni, i-epinephrine inciphisa ukukhululwa kwezinto ezinokutsha ezifana ne- histamine ukusuka kwiiseli kwisistim somzimba sakho sokuzivikela, esibizwa ngokuba yi-mast cell.
Indlela yokusebenzisa i-Symjepi (Epinephrine) Ngexesha le-Anaphylaxis
Ngokungafani ne-EpiPen, injector auto, iSyjepi yintsimbi-isilinda egcwele 0.3mg ye-epinephrine enesaliti ehlanganisiweyo kuyo. Kwi-syringe ekhethiweyo amabini amanyathelo okufunda ngokulula ukulungiselela indlela yokulawula iyeza kwiimeko ezingxamisekileyo.
Umntu unokuzilawula okanye omnye umntu onjengomncedisi okanye ilungu lentsapho linokululawula (umzekelo, umzali kumntwana). Kungakhathaliseki ukuba, uqeqesho olufanelekileyo ngumniki-nkonzo waloo mntu uyabaluleka.
Ukuqeqesha kubalulekile ukuba kungagcini nje ukuqinisekisa indlela efanele yokujola ngaphandle kokulimala, kodwa ukujongana nayiphi na imibuzo, imithombo yokudideka, okanye uxhalabe ngokunikela ngokudubula.
Amanyathelo amabini abhalwe ngokucacileyo kwisirinji afaka:
- Inyathelo lokuqala: Phunkula iCap (oku kuchaza inaliti)
- Inyathelo lesibini: Faka ifowuni kwi-Thigh-Emva kokusetyenziswa kwefowuni ye-Call 911 (xa ifunekayo, ingafakwa injola ngeengubo)
Qaphela ukuba imiyalelo ithi ukubiza umnxeba we-911, njengoko uSimjepi akufanele athathe indawo yokunyamekela ngonyango-yinto nje yinyathelo lokuqala (elifutshane), kwaye oku kuyafana ne-EpiPen.
Xa ikhona, i-Symjepi iya kuthengiswa kwipakethi yeebini, efana nokuthengiswa kwe-epinephrine auto-injection.
Injongo yokubonelela umntu ngamabini ukuba umntu ayenze athathwe ngamaxesha onke, kwaye omnye unokushiywa esikolweni, ekhaya, okanye emsebenzini, njengemva-mboleko, okanye ukuba kufuneka i-dose yesibini.
Kuyathakazelisa ukuqaphela ukuba inani leesirinji okanye i-injection-auto egqityiwe ngugqirha iyahluka, njengoko kungekho mgaqo onzima kunye nokukhawuleza ukuba ababoneleli bezempilo bayayilandela.
Oko kuthethwa, omnye umyalelo omhle wesithupha, ngokutsho kwe-World Hearth Organisation, kukuba umntu kufuneka abe ne dose epinephrine efumanekayo nganye imizuzu eyi-10 ukuya kwimizuzu engama-20 yokuhamba kwikamelo elingxamisekileyo.
Khumbula, ke, akufanele ujobe ngaphezu kwamayeza amabini e-epinephrin kwisiganeko esisodwa se-anaphylactic kuphela ugqirha kufuneka anike amanani angaphezulu.
Ekugqibeleni, i-Symjepi ifumaneka kuphela (kwaye iya kuthengiswa) kwii-0.3mg, ekhuselekileyo kubantu abanomyinge wamakhilogremu angama-66 okanye ngaphezulu. Inguqu enkulu yeSyjepi (efana ne-EpiPen) kulindeleke ukuba inikeze umthamo ophantsi we-epinephrine kubantwana.
Ngaba Iimpembelelo Zobunxulumene NoSyjepi?
Xa uSymjepi ijojowe, umntu unokufumana ezinye iziphumo. Nangona kunjalo, nceda uqaphele ukuba ezi ziphumo zihlala zifutshane kwaye inzuzo yokujoba i-epinephrine iphezulu kakhulu kule mingcipheko. Ezinye iziphumo ezichaphazelekayo ziquka:
- Ukugubha
- Utywala
- Ubukhulu
- Ukuxela
- Isihlunu kunye nokuhlanza
- I-heart fast (and called palpitations)
- Uvakalelo lokungazinzi, ukwesaba, kunye / okanye uxhalabisayo
- Ubunzima bokuphefumula
- Intloko
Ngokuqhelekileyo, iingxaki zeentliziyo ezinjengeengcipheko ezingavamile zentliziyo zingase zenzeke. Ezinye izinto ezingaqhelekanga ezichaphazelekayo ezinxulumene ne-epinephrin zinyuka ngokukhawuleza kwixinzelelo lwegazi ezingakhokelela ekuphumeni kwintsholongwane, kunye nokugqithisa kwamanzi kwimiphunga-oku kuthiwa yi -edema ye-pulema .
Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba le miphumo engaqhelekanga yinto enokuthi yenzeke xa kwenzeka ngokugqithiseleyo kwe-epinephrine, kwaye ngokuyininzi xa kunikwa umgubo (nge-intravenously). Kwakhona, inzuzo yokujoba ngokukhawuleza i-epinephrine ye-anaphylaxis inkulu kakhulu kunezi mngcipheko.
Olunye umngcipheko olubandakanyeka noSimjepi luyakwazi ukufaka inaliti yamathambo okanye ukujola ngengozi. Oku ngokuqhelekileyo kubakho ngomnwe okanye kwisandla kwaye kunokubangela ukuhamba kwegazi okungaphelelekanga, okunokuthi kunzulu. Injola emagqabini kuye kwaxelwa ukuba iholele kwi-greyrene, intsholongwane ebuthakathaka kakhulu.
Ukuba kwenzeka ijojo engozini, qiniseka ukuba uye kwigumbi elisemfutshane elisondeleyo. Ngokubanzi, indlela efanelekileyo yokukhusela inaliti yentsaliti kukuba ungalokothi ususe inqwelana yesaliti kwipiriti de ikulungele ukusetyenziswa.
Ekugqibeleni, usulelo luya kwenzeka-nangona le nto inqabile-kwindawo yesayiti. Usulelo lunokubangela ukuba ulusu lujikeleze indawo yokuxilisa ukuba ifudumele, ithenda, ivuthe, kunye / okanye obomvu. Ukuba kunjalo, qiniseka ukubiza ugqirha wakho ngokukhawuleza, njengoko unokufuna i-antibiotic.
ILizwi
Ukuvunyelwa kwamanye amayeza okufaka iyeza zokulondoloza ubomi ekunakekeleni i-anaphylaxis iyaphawuleka, kwaye kunye neendleko ezincinci, kuya kunciphisa iingqondo zabantu abaninzi abahlawula amakhulu namakhulu ama-dollar ngonyaka ukuze bathathe indawo yabo ye-epinephrine auto- injectors.
Kungakhathaliseki ukuba unikwe i-epinephrine autoinjector, njenge-EpiPen, okanye i-epinephrine isirinji yengonyama ye-epinephrine ezayo ngaphambili, qiniseka ukuba ufumana ukuqeqeshwa ngezandla ukusuka kumboneleli wezempilo malunga nendlela yokusebenzisa ifowuni yakho . Ukuphonononga uqeqesho kunye nogqirha wakho unyaka ngamnye, kunye nokuvuselela i-epinephrine kadiskritha yakho.
Ukubeka nje, ubomi bakho buncike kulo qeqesho ngolunye usuku.
> Imithombo:
> Pepper AN, Westermann-Clark E, Lockey RF. I-High Cose ye-Epinephrine Autoinjectors kunye nezinye iindlela ezingenzeka. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract. Ngo-2017 Meyi-Juni; 5 (3): 665-68.
> Posner LS, Camargo Ca Jr. Ukuhlaziywa ekusebenziseni nasekukhuseleni kwe-epinephrine auto-injection, ngo-2017. I- Drug Healthc Patient Saf . Ngo-2017 uMatshi 21; 9: 9-18.
> UShereherer SH. (2017). Ukuchaza i-epinephrine ye-anaphylaxis yonyango. Ku: U-UpToDate, uKelso JM (Ed), UpToDate, Waltham, MA.
> Ulawulo lweZiko lokuTya kunye neDrug. (Juni 2017). I-Symjepi (epinephrine) injection echaza ulwazi .