I-Anaphylaxis yindlela yokuphazamiseka ngokukhawuleza kunye nefuthe elichaphazelekayo elibandakanya inkqubo engaphezulu komzimba omnye. Ingozi yonyango engozini. Uza kuba neempembelelo zesikhumba kunye nokuphefumula okufutshane, okungahlaselwa kukutshatyalaliswa kwe-anaphylactic kunye nokuhla kwegazi. Funda indlela yokuchonga impendulo ye-anaphylactic ukuze ukwazi ukunyamekela unyango lwangoko.
Iimpawu Zamaxesha amaninzi
I-Anaphylaxis ngokuyinhloko isabela. Ukuphendulwa kwe-allergenic ibe yintlungu ye-anaphylaxis xa i-allergies iqala ukuphazamisa inkqubo engaphezulu komzimba omnye, njengesikhumba kunye nokuphefumula. I-Anaphylaxis iza ngokukhawuleza kwaye iimpawu zihamba ngokukhawuleza.
Ukufumanisa ukutshatyalaliswa kwe-anaphylactic, kuqala ukujonga iimpawu zokungabikho komzimba:
- Ukutshiza
- Olubomvu, ophakanyisiweyo, ulusu lukhuni lubonakala kuma-90 ekhulwini amatyala
- Ukuphefumula okanye ukuphefumula kufumaneka kuma-70 ekhulwini amatyala
Iimpawu ziyabonakala kwiindawo ezininzi zomzimba:
- Isikhumba: Unokuba ushushu kunye nokubetha. Iingqungquthela ziyakhula, eziphakanyisiweyo zikhupha i-blanch (vula emhlophe) xa ucinezela kuzo. I-angioedema ingahlakulela, ekhukhulayo phantsi kwesikhumba.
- Amehlo: Unokuba nezibonakaliso zomsindo ezibandakanya ukubetheka, ubomvu, ukuveliswa kwezinyembezi kunye nolusu kungakhula ngaphakathi kwamehlo.
- Ukuphefumula okuphezulu: Ukudibanisa, impumlo ehambayo, kunye nokukrazula kunokukhula. Unokuziva ukuphuphuma komqala, ukukhahlela, okanye ukuphazamiseka.
- Umlomo: Unokuba nolwimi oluvuthayo, imilomo, okanye umqala, okanye ukuvakalelwa okungavamile.
- Ukuphefumula okuphantsi: Unokuba nobunzima bokuphefumla, ukuvuthwa, kunye nesifuba
- I-circulatory: Unokuba ne-intliziyo ekhawulezayo okanye epholileyo kwaye uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphantsi. Unokuziva udidekile, utyhafile, okanye ungadlula.
- Inkqubo yokukhathazeka: Unokuxhalaba okanye udidekile, ukhulume ngentetho, kwaye usenokuvakalelwa ngeso lengxaki.
- Inkqubo yokugaya: Ukuxubha, ukuhlanza, isifo sohudo, okanye intlungu yesisu kunokufumana.
Ukutshatyalaliswa kweAnaphylactic
I-Anaphylaxis iba yintsholongwane ye-anaphylactic xa isigulane sibonisa iimpawu zengcinezelo yegazi ephantsi :
- Ukudideka
- Ubuthathaka
- Umbala obala
- Ukungaqondi
Ukutshatyalaliswa kwe-Anaphylactic kaninzi kunempawu zokuphefumula okufutshane . Isigulane asisoloko sinobunzima bokuphefumula, kodwa ukuba senza, sisilathisi esihle sokusabela kwabo kwimeko yokugulisa i-anaphylaxis. Le yimiqondiso ye-telltale yokujonga:
- Ayikwazi ukuthetha ngaphezu kweyodwa okanye amagama amabini
- Ukuhlala ngqo ngqo okanye ngezandla ngamadolo
- Igesi lokuphefumla
- Ukuphikisa imilomo ukuphefumula
- Ukusebenzisa imisipha yentamo ukuthatha ukuphefumla
I-Allergen Exposure njengeSignali
Kulula ukufumanisa iimpawu kunye neempawu zokutshatyalaliswa kwe-anaphylactic ukuba kukho i-allergen eyaziwayo. Ngokomzekelo, abo abanesifo sokunyuka kweenyosi beza kuba bayazi ukuba baye bahlala. Nabani na obenokuziphendulela kwixesha elidlulileyo kufuneka aqaphele nayiphi na impawu nangona kungekho kuvezwa kwe-allergen. Ngokomzekelo, abantu abaneengxaki zokutya badla ukuba babe ne-anaphylaxis ngelixa besidla xa bengacingi ukuba bayadla ukutya abaye baxhamla. Kwomnye umntu, kunokukunceda ukufumanisa imbangela yeempawu ukuba zimbethe iingubo zokulumkisa zezokwelapha ezibonisa ukungabikho komzimba.
Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo
Isiqhelo se-anaphylaxis siza kuphuhliswa kwaye siphumelele ngokukhawuleza, sifinyelele kwinqanaba eli-30 kuya kweyimizuzu engama-60, kwaye sisisombululo ngokupheleleyo kwixa elizayo. Nangona kunjalo, kukho iipatheni ezinobomi.
I-biphasic anaphylaxis ibonakala kwi-20 yeepesenti zezigulane, ezivela kubantwana nakubantu abadala. Kwakuye kucatshangelwa ukuba kuhamba phambili. Kule ntetho, uza kuba nomsitho wokuqala we-anaphylactic kwaye uza kulungisa. Kodwa ke unayo impendulo yokubuyisela iiyure kwiintsuku kamva. Yingakho unako ukungeniswa esibhedlele ukuze ukhangele emva kokuphendula kwe-anaphylactic. Kwezinye iimeko, abantu abayi kuba neempawu ezinzima kakhulu ze-anaphylaxis, ezifana nobunzima bokuphefumula, kwaye banqume ukungafune unyango.
Nangona kunjalo, basengozini yokuphendulela i-biphasic, engakhokelela kwimiphumo emibi. Uphando olupapashwe ngo-2015 lwezonyango zabantwana lufumene isiganeko esiphezulu kwabantwana abaneminyaka engama-6 ukuya ku-9. Babenokwenzeka ukuba baphathwa ngeyona dose ye-epinephrin, ebonisa ukuba banomdla ongakumbi. Kwakhona banokuba banokubambezeleka kokufumana unyango nge-epinephrine okanye befika kwisebe elingxamisekileyo.
I-protracted anaphylaxis ibonakala ilula. Kule meko, iimpawu zingapheli iintsuku eziliqela ukuya kwiveki ngaphandle kokugqiba ngokupheleleyo.
Iingxaki / iiNkcazo zeqela
I-Anaphylaxis inokubangela ukufa xa ingaphathwa. I-infyoction ye-myocardial okanye i-fibrillation ye-atrial ingahlakulela ngexesha le-anaphylaxis, kwaye ezi ngozi zengqondo zikhulu kwizigulane ezingaphezu kweminyaka engama-50.
U-Epinephrine uyisicatshulwa esikhethekileyo ukunyanga i-anaphylaxis, kodwa inomngcipheko wokugqithisa ngokwezinto kunye nokubangela iingxaki ze-cardiovascular complications. Kwizigulane ezindala, uphando oluthile lucacisa ukuba lukhuselekile ukulawula iijojo zentramuscular instead of epinephrin.
Nini ukuza kuGqirha / ukuya kwiSibhedlele
Ukuba unayo nayiphi na impawu ye-anaphylaxis, yifumane unyango ngokukhawuleza. Kuyafaneleka ukubiza u-911 ngonyango oluphuthumayo. Amaxesha aqhelekileyo uya kuphuhlisa iimpawu emva kokutya, ukuhlaselwa yi-insects, okanye ukuthatha imithi.
Musa ukulinda ukubiza unonophelo lwengxamiseko. Impendulo ingaphuthuka ngokukhawuleza. Ama-hives angatshintsha ukunyanyiswa kwe-anaphylactic ngemizuzu. Ukuba uwedwa, unobungozi bokungazi nto phambi kokuba uncede unakekele.
Ukuba uyazi ukuba usemngciphekweni we-anaphylaxis kwi-allergies, biza unonophelo lwezempilo olukhawulezileyo ngokukhawuleza ukuba uyazi ukuba uye wabonakala. Nangona usebenzisa i-epinephrine self-injection uza kufuna unyango lwangxamisekileyo.
Imithombo:
> Alqurashi W, Stiell I, Chan K, Neto G, Alsadoon A, Wells G. Epidemiology kunye neengcali zeCatalical Predictors of Biphasic Reactions kubantwana abaneAnaphylaxis. Ama-Annal of Allergy, i-Asthma & Immunology . 2015; 115 (3). i-doi: 10.1016 / j.anai.2015.05.013.
> Anaphylaxis. I-American Academy ye-Allergy Asthma ne-Immunology. http://www.aaaai.org/conditions-and-treatments/library/allergy-library/anaphylaxis.
> Campbell RL, uBellolio MF, uKnutson BD, et al. Epinephrine e-Anaphylaxis: Ingozi ephezulu yeengxaki ze-Cardiovascular and Overdose emva kolawulo lwe-Intravenous Bolus Epinephrine Ngokumalunga ne-Intramuscular Epinephrine. I-Journal ye-Allergy kunye ne-Clinic Immunology: Kwi-Practice . 2015; 3 (1): 76-80. i-doi: 10.1016 / j.jaip.2014.06.007.
> Campbell RL, Hagan JB, Li JT, et al. I-Anaphylaxis kwiSebe eliPhezulu leMpilo Izigulane ezingama-50 okanye ezingama-65 okanye i-Older. Ama-Annal of Allergy, i-Asthma & Immunology . 2011; 106 (5): 401-406. i-doi: 10.1016 / j.anai.2011.01.011.
> Oya S, Nakamori T, uKinoshita H. Isiganeko kunye neenkcukacha ze-Anaphylaxis yeBiphasic kunye neProtracted: Uvavanyo lwe-114 Izigulane. Ugqirha oPhezulu noPhando . 2014; 1 (4): 228-233. i-doi: 10.1002 / ams2.48.