Unyango lweMetastatic Stage IV iMelanoma inikeza ithemba
I-Interleukin-2 ye-melanoma ye-metastatic enye yeendlela ezimbini zokonyango ezivunywe kwisifo. I-Melanoma esasaze ngaphaya kwesikhumba kuya kwiimpawu ezikude kuthiwa "i-metastatic" (okanye isigaba IV ) i-melanoma. Nangona ukhetho lwezo kunyango lukhawuleza, abanye abantu basinda kule nqanaba elibi kakhulu yesifo. Kukho uphando oluninzi oluqhubekayo kulo mmandla kodwa ngoku kubekho iipilisi ezimbini kuphela ezivunyiwe: i- interferon-alfa2b kunye ne-activator system interleukin-2 (IL-2).
Ukuba i-oncologist yakho icetyise i-IL-2, lo mboniso uya kukunika ingqalelo ngolwazi olubalulekileyo olufunekayo ukuqonda ukuba lusebenza njani, ukusebenza kwalo kunye nemiphumo yalo.
Interleukin-2
Kwakhona kuthiwa yiProleukin kunye ne-aldesleukin, i-IL-2 yavunywa yi-Food and Drug Administration (i-FDA) yokunyanga kwe-melanoma ye-metastatic ngo-1998. (Ngelishwa, akukho mveliso ye-melanoma ivunyiwe ukususela oko.)
I-IL-2 ihluke kunomuthi we-chemotherapy - ngokwenene inxalenye yendalo yomzimba wakho womzimba. Luhlobo lomthunywa wezithunywa obizwa ngokuthi "i-cytokine" efihliweyo kwiiseli ezithile ukuze uqaphele ezinye iiseli malunga nomtshabalali ogulayo. Iintlobo ezili-15 ezahlukeneyo ze-interleukines ziye zafunyaniswa ukususela ngo-1970: IL-2 yaziwa ngokukodwa ekukhuthazeni ukukhula kunye nokuhluthwa kweentlobo ezimbini zeeseli ezimhlophe zegazi, ezibizwa ngokuthi "i-T ne-B lymphocytes". I-IL-2 esetyenziselwa ukuphatha i-melanoma ye-metastatic ayifuni emzimbeni kodwa kunoko kuveliswa ubuninzi, kusetyenziswa ubuchule bokubunjineli bezofuzo.
Unayo iipropati ezifanayo njengenguqu yendalo, kodwa inegama elincinane, i-aldesleukin.
Ubu bungqina bokusebenza kwe-Interleukin-2
Kwizifundo ezikhokelela ekuvunyelweni, iipesenti ezi-6 zezigulane ezikhethiweyo (ezo zisesimo esihle ngokwenyama nangokwengqondo) kunye ne-melanoma ye-metastatic yayiphendule ngokupheleleyo kwi-do-high-dose IL-2, kunye neepesenti ezili-10 zinempendulo.
Impendulo epheleleyo ichazwa njengexesha elide (iminyaka eyi-10+ kunye nokubala) ukususwa kwesi sifo, nangona akusiyo i-"cure". Kungakhathaliseki ukuba isigama-magama, sisona sonyango esilunokuthi sinakho nokuba kunokwenzeka ukuba unobungakanani obuhle kunye nefuthe elide. Iimpendulo zabonwa kwizigulane ezineentlobo ezahlukeneyo zeemastastases, ezibandakanya kwimpom, isibindi, i-lymph nodes, izicubu ezithambileyo, izigulane ze-adrenal kunye nezicatshulwa (ezijulile) zecala. I-IL-2, nangona kunjalo, ayilunyanzelwanga kwizigulane ezinesifo se-metastases esele ikhona.
Uninzi lwezilingo zekliniki zenziwe (kwaye ziqhubeka zenziwa) kwizame zokunyusa izinga lokuphendula kwe-IL-2 ngokudibanisa namanye amayeza. Ngokomzekelo, uphando lubonise izinga eliphezulu lokuphendula xa i-IL-2 inikwe inxulumene nesitofu (iipesenti ezingama-22) xa kuthelekiswa ne-IL-2 yedwa (ama-13 ekhulwini). Ngelishwa, iinzame ezininzi zokudibanisa i-IL-2 kunye neyeza ezahlukeneyo zamachiza (cisplatin, vinblastine, dacarbazine nabanye) - indlela ebizwa ngokuthi "biochemotherapy" - kunye nezinye iziyobisi ( interferon-alfa2b , njl), ngoku ziboniswe akukho phuculo oluphawulekayo kwi-statistic ebalawula ngokwenene: ixesha lokusinda.
Ukusetyenziswa kwe-Interleukin-2
I-IL-2 inikezwa ngama-15 eminithi yemizuzu eyi-8 nganye iiyure eziyi-8 iintsuku ezi-5.
Ikhosi nganye yonyango iqulethe ezimbini zentsuku zonyango zemihla ngemihla ezihlukeneyo ezilishumi elinama-9, kwaye izifundo ezininzi ziqhelekileyo. Ngokuqhelekileyo uza kucinga ngeenyanga emva kokugqiba unyango lwakho lokuqala. Ukuba uyaphendula, uya kuthi ufumane iklasi yesibini yokwelapha kwiiveki ezi-6 ukuya kwezi-12 emva kokugqiba ikhosi yokuqala. Ukuze ufanelekele unyango lwe-IL-2, kufuneka ube nesimo esihle ngokwenyama, enentliziyo entle, imiphunga, isibindi, kunye nentso.
Iimpembelelo ezingasemva
I-IL-2 isoloko ihlala ihlala yingozi kwaye idlalwa yingozi. Kufuneka unikelelwe esibhedlele phantsi kolawulo lwegqirha ofanelekileyo elisebenzisayo ekusebenziseni i-antiticancer agents.
Isibonelelo esinonophelo olunzulu kunye neengcali ezinolwazi kwi-cardiopulmonary okanye unyango olunzulu kufuneka lufumaneke. Izinga lokufa kwezidakamizwa kwizilingo zezonyango zezigulane ze-melanoma ezifumana i-IL-2 yayingu-2%.
Uninzi lweziphumo ezibi zibangelwa "ukuvuza kwe-capillary", eqala ngokukhawuleza emva kokuba unyango luqaliswe. Ukuvuza kwama-Capillary kubangela ukuvuza kweeprotheni ngaphandle kwegazi okubangela ukuba kunciphise ukunyanga kwegazi. Iziphumo eziqhelekileyo ezichaphazelekayo zilandelayo:
- izibilini, ukuhlanza, isifo sohudo, ukulahleka kwesidlo
- ubuthathaka kunye nokukhathala
- iimpawu ezinjengomkhuhlane (umkhuhlane, ukubola, intloko yesifo kunye nesifo se-muscle)
- uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphantsi
- intlungu, intlungu yesifuba (angina)
- iingxaki zokuphefumula ngenxa yomkhuhlane kwimiphunga
- inzuzo yesisindo, ukugcinwa kwamanzi
- iziphumo zengqondo (i-paranoia, i-hallucinations, i-sleepiness)
- ukubetha, ukukhangela isikhumba
- i-anemia (inani elibomvu leeseli legazi)
- Inani leeplatelet eliphantsi (ukwandisa umngcipheko wegazi)
- isibalo segazi esimhlophe
- umonakalo wezintso
- izilonda zomlomo
Ezi ziphumo zempembelelo zihamba phambili kodwa ziye zabikwa kwabanye abantu abathatha i-IL-2:
- isisu senhliziyo engavamile, ukuhlaselwa yintliziyo
- ukuphefumula okuphefumulayo
- zifo
- ukuphuma kwamanzi
- iingxaki ze-thyroid
- iingxaki zesibindi
- utywala obunzima, utyhafile
Izilumkiso / Ukusebenzisana
IL-2 ingenza iziphumo zecala kwezinye iziyobisi nezifo zibi kakhulu, ngoko xelela ugqirha ukuba unayo:
- iingxaki zeengtso
- isifo sentliziyo
- isifo sesibindi
- isifo seemiphunga
- ingxaki yokuthumba
- i-thyroid disorder
- sulelo
- nasiphi na isifo
- naziphi na izifo zokuzivikela
Kananjalo ugqirha ugqirha wakho malunga naluphi na u-over-counter-or counter or medication usetyenziso, ngokukodwa i-corticosteroids, i-indomethacin, imishanguzo yegazi, i-anti-depressants, imichiza yokuxhalabisa okanye amanye amayeza anticancer. Ungaqali okanye usiyeke nayiphi na iyeza ngaphandle kwemvume kadokotela.
Qaphela: Le ngcaciso ayikwazi ukujonganisa zonke iindlela zokukhusela, ukusebenzisana okanye iziphumo ezimbi ezi ziza kusebenza kule nkunkuma. Ukuba unayo nayiphi na imibuzo malunga naluphina isilwanyana othabathayo, qi
Imithombo:
"IMelanoma." INational Cancer Network Network. 1..2009. 27 uJanuwari 2009.
"Iproleukin Inkcazo Yokuchaza." Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corp 27 Januwari 2009.
USmith FO, Downey SG, uKlapper JA, et al. Unyango lwe-melanoma ye-metastatic usebenzisa i-interleukin-2 yedwa okanye ngokubambisana nezitulo. Isifo seKlinikhi yeCanscer 2008 2008: 5610-5618. 27 uJanuwari 2009.