Unyango lwe-Melanoma Skin Cancer lide kwaye lilucelomngeni
Ukwelashwa kwe-Interferon-alfa2b ye-melanoma yiyo kuphela iziyobisi ezivunyelweyo ngeli xesha. Umgangatho wokuqala wokunyangwa kwe- melanoma kukususwa kokugqitywa kweziphi izilonda, inkqubo ebizwa ngokuba yindawo ebanzi . Ngokuxhomekeka kwinqanaba le-tumor yakho, ugqirha wakho unokucebisa ukuba i- adjuvant (emva kokuhlinzwa) unyango ukunciphisa ithuba lokuba i-melanoma iza kubuya (kwakhona).
Ngokomzekelo, ukuba i-melanoma isasaze kwi- lymph nodes enye okanye ngaphezulu, kuqikelelwa ukuba i-70 ukuya kuma-80 ekhulwini inokwenzeka ukuba i-melanoma iya kuphinda ibuyele kwiminyaka emithathu ukuya kwiminyaka emihlanu. Izinyango zokwelapha ezi- Adjuvant okwangoku zinqongophe: unyango lwe-interferon-alfa2b (i-IFN) yiyo kuphela isicatshulwa esamkelweyo ngoku. Ukuba i- oncologist yakho ikhuthaze i-interferon-alfa2b, le ngqungquthela iya kukunika ingqalelo ngolwazi olubalulekileyo olufunekayo ukuqonda indlela elisebenza ngayo, ukuphumelela kwayo kunye nemiphumo yalo.
Qaphela ukuba olu lwazi lungafihla zonke iinkqubo zokulondoloza, ukusebenzisana okanye iziphumo ezimbi ezi zibizo. Ukuba unemibuzo malunga naluphina isilwanyana othabathayo, qiniseka ukuba ujonge ugqirha wakho.
Interferon-alfa2b
Kwakhona kuthiwa i-interferon-alpha2b, i-IFN kunye ne-Intron A, i-Interferon-alfa2b yavunywa yi-Food and Drug Administration (FDA) ngo-1995. Isizabisi sivunyiwe ukuba sisebenzise zingadlulanga iintsuku ezingama-56 (iiveki eziyi-8) emva kokuhlinzwa kwizigulane ezingama-18 ubudala okanye abadala kunye ne-melanoma enobungozi abangenasifo sesi sifo kodwa basengozini enkulu yokuphindaphinda (i-tumor ibuyele).
Izigulane ezisengozini enkulu yokuphindaphinda ziquka abo abane-melanoma kwezi zilandelayo:
- Isigaba IIB - izicubu ezingaphezulu kwe-4 mm (malunga ne-1/6 ye-intshi) ezinqamlekileyo ngaphandle kwesilonda
- I-IIC yesigaba - izicubu ezingaphezu kwe-4 mm ubukhulu kunye nesilonda
- Isigaba IIIA, IIIB, IIIC - izicubu zinakho na ubukhulu kodwa isifo sele sisasazeka kwii-lymph nodes
I-Interferon-alfa2b ihluke kunomuthi wekhemotherapy - ngokwenene inxalenye yendalo yomzimba wakho womzimba. Iyaziwa ngokuba yi- cytokine , eziyimichiza ngokuqhelekileyo ezifihliwe ngamaseli abizwa ngokuba yi- leukocytes ekuphenduleni intsholongwane, ibhaktheriya, okanye abanye abantu abangaphandle. Emva koko idibanisa kwezinye iiseli kwaye ibangela uchungechunge olunzima lweenguqu (ezininzi zazo ezingaziwa), kubandakanywa ukunciphisa izinga lokuhlukana kweseli kunye nokunciphisa ukukwazi ukukhusela iseli kwi-system.
I-IFN esetyenziselwa ukunyanga i-melanoma ayifuni emzimbeni kodwa kunokuba i-mass-produced-in laboratory usebenzisa ubuchule bobunjineli bezofuzo. Unayo iipropati ezifanayo njengenguqu yendalo kodwa ngokuqinisekileyo kuthiwa yi "recombinant" kwesi sizathu.
Ubu bungqina bokusebenza kwe-Interferon-alfa2b
I-IFN kuphela yonyango kubantu abanomdla we-melanoma owonakele kakhulu oye waboniswa ukuphucula kokubili ukuphindaphinda-ukungahlali (ukuhlala ngaphandle kwesi sifo kubuyele) kunye nokuphila ngokubanzi. Izifundo ezintathu zenze ukuba kuvunywe yi-FDA. Okokuqala, i-dose ephakamileyo ye-IFN yayifaniswa nokungenzi nto: Kule meko, abo baphathwa nge-IFN abazange baphinde baphinde baphinde baphinde baphile iminyaka engaphezulu. Kwilingo lesibini, i-dose ephakamileyo ye-IFN yayifaniswa ne-IFN ye-dose ephantsi kwaye kwakhona kwakukho ukwanda okwenyukayo kwi-group-high dose.
Nangona kunjalo, kwakungekho nantlukwano kubomi bonke. Ekugqibeleni, xa i-IFN ifaniswa nomgudu wokuhlola obizwa ngokuba yi-GMK, iziphumo zacaca: iqela le-IFN liye laphucula u-47% ekuphumeni kokungabikho kwemali kunye nokuphucula okungama-52% kubomi bonke.
Zininzi ezinye izilingo zeklinikhi eziqhutyelwe (kwaye ziqhubeka zenziwa) kwizame zokunyusa ukusebenza kwe-IFN. Ngelishwa, izifundo ezithile kamva zange zingabonakali njengempembelelo emihle njengezentsusa-kunye no-2008 uphando (olubizwa ngokuba yi-"Sunbelt" itilingo) ayibonanga niphumo ye-IFN kwizigulane ezine-lymph node eselungileyo-ke ukusetyenziswa I-IFN inokuphikisana phakathi koogqirha.
Enyanisweni, i-oncologists eYurophu iye yaxhala ngokukodwa ukucacisa i-IFN ngenxa yeengcamango zayo ezincinci kunye nobutyebi obukhulu. Ukuba unemibuzo okanye ixhala, qiniseka ukuba uxoxe nabo nodokotela wakho.
Ukusetyenziswa kwe-Interferon-alfa2b
Emva kokuhlinzwa, i-IFN inikwe ngamanyathelo amabini: ukunyuswa nokugcinwa. Ukuchithwa kubandakanya ukufumana umthamo ophezulu esibhedlele kunye ne-IV (intraveous) ukumnika ngaphezu kwemizuzu engama-20, iintsuku ezintlanu ezilandelanayo ngeveki, kwiiveki ezine. Ngethuba lesigaba sokugcina, ujobe umthamo ophantsi we-IFN ngokwakho ekhaya kathathu ngeveki kwiiveki ezingama-48. Ijojelwe nje ngaphantsi kwesikhumba ( ngaphantsi ), ngokuqhelekileyo kumlenze okanye esiswini. Wena okanye isihlobo siya kufundiswa indlela yokunika ezi injections ngumongikazi okanye ugqirha.
Iimpembelelo zemiSebenzi ye-Interferon-alfa2b
Unyango lwe-IFN lude kwaye lucelomngeni. Nangona kunjalo, ngokubeka iliso olufanelekileyo, ukuguqulwa kwenzalo, kunye nokunyamekela ngogonyamelo, lunokunikwa ngokukhuselekileyo kwaye lulawulwa uninzi lwezigulane. Iziphumo ezimbini eziqhelekileyo ezichaphazelekayo ze-IFN zibonakalisa iimpawu zentsholongwane (imfiva, amahlunu, ama-muscle kunye nama-joint aches) kunye nokukhathala. Ukunceda ukuphucula le mpawu, landela "ABCs":
- I- cetaminophen (iTylenol)
- Ulawulo lwexesha lokugqibela (yenza iilen phambi kokulala)
- C igcina amandla
- D rink ezininzi zamanzi
- E ngokutya okulinganiselayo
- I- oc oc kwi-positive
Iimpawu ezinjengomkhuhlane zivame ukuhla phezu kwexesha lotyando kodwa ukukhathala kudla ngokuqhubekayo kwaye kusenokubanda ngakumbi.
Iziphumo ezilandelayo zecala zihlala zingaphantsi kodwa ziye zabikwa kubantu abaninzi abathatha i-IFN:
- Isihlunu, ukuhlanza
- Ukucaphukisa isikhumba kwisayithi yomjovo
- Utywala
- Ukuxinezeleka, iingcinga zokuzibulala, kunye nezinye iingxaki zengqondo
- "Iiphini kunye neenaliti" uziva ezandleni nasezinyaweni
- Ukulahleka kweenwele
- Ukwenyuka kwemveliso yamhlophe yamasebe egazini, engakhokelela kwizifo ezininzi kunye nokuphelelwa kwegazi
- Utshintsho kwisibindi somsebenzi
- Utshintsho kwisantya senhliziyo kunye noxinzelelo lwegazi
Ezinye iziphumo zempembelelo zinokwenzeka ukwenzela ukuba uxoxe ngazo nodokotela wakho. Uninzi lweziphumo ezichaphazelekayo ziya kuhamba emva kokuba unyango lwe-interferon-alfa2b luyekile.
Ukusebenzisana
I-IFN inokudakalisa ezinye zeemeko zakho zangaphambili, ngoko xelela ugqirha ukuba unayo:
- I-hepatitis
- Nasiphi na izifo zesibindi
- Sikashukela
- Isifo sentliziyo
- Isifo sesilwanyana
Imbekiselo:
"IMelanoma." INational Cancer Network Network. 1..2009. 28 uJanuwari 2009.
"I-Intron A Information Information". I-Schering-Plow. 28 uJanuwari 2009.
Ascierto PA, Kirkwood JM. "I-adjuvant therapy ye-melanoma ene-interferon: izifundo ezilishumi elidlulileyo." J Transl Med 2008 6: 62-70. 28 uJanuwari 2009.