I-Superbug ebulalayo ekukhuphukeni kwizibhedlele
I- staphylococcus aureus , okanye i-HA-MRSA, inokuthi inganyangekiyo ye-methicillin. Le ngqungquthela ibonakala ngokubanzi nakwizibhedlele nakwezinye izicwangciso zezempilo, ezimele ingxaki yempilo yoluntu ekhula eUnited States.
Igama lezityalo : Staphylococcus aureus
Uhlobo lweMicrobe: Ibhakteria enesibindi
I-HA-MRSA isasazeka njani?
Izigulane ezininzi kwizibhedlele zithwala i-HA-MRSA kodwa abanalo iimpawu zesifo. Ngelixa ezi zi gulane ziyimvelaphi eqhelekileyo yebhaktheriya, ukusasazeka kwenzeka xa abasebenzi bezempilo bechaphazela abanye abagulane abane-HA-MRSA abathwali. Ukungaphumeleli ukuhlamba izandla ezingcolileyo kunokukhuthaza ukusabalala kweebhaktheriya. Kubalulekile ukuba uhlalutyo oluhle esibhedlele - kuwo wonke umntu - ukukhusela ezo zifo ukusasazeka.
Eminye imithombo yokudluliselwa kwindlela yokunakekelwa kwempilo ibandakanya amanxeba avulekileyo, i-catheters, okanye iibhubhu zokuphefumula.
Ngubani Osemngciphekweni Wokufumana Usuleleke?
Izifo ze-HA-MRSA zihlala zihlala kwizibhedlele nakwiziko lezempilo, apho izigulane zifumana iinkqubo zonyango ezingenakwenzeka okanye zinciphise amajoni omzimba. I-HA-MRSA yinkinga yokwandisa impilo, inyuke ukusuka kwi-2% ukuya kwi-63% ye-Staph infections phakathi kuka-1974 no-2004.
Iimpawu, Ukuxilongwa, kunye noTyango
Izibonakaliso: Ukungenwa kwe-HA-MRSA kunokubandakanya ukusuleleka kwezilonda zokugonywa, ukusuleleka kwamagciwane, izifo ezinjenge-cellulitis , iintsholongwane zethambo ezifana ne-osteomyelitis , izifo ezihlanganyelweyo ezichaphazela i-arthritis, iintsholongwane zegazi kunye nesifo se- pneumonia .
Intsholongwane ye-HA-MRSA ingabonakala njengendawo ebomvu, evuvukileyo, ebuhlungu kwesikhumba. Inokuthi ithathe kwakhona kwifom ye-abscess, ibilise, okanye i-lesion-filled fill, kwaye inokuhamba kunye nomkhuhlane kunye nokufudumala kummandla osulelekileyo.
Izifo ezinzulu ngakumbi ze-HA-MRSA zinempawu ezibandakanya intlungu yesifuba, ukubola, ukukhathala, intloko, imisipha yomzimba kunye nokugqithisa.
I-MRSA inokukhokelela ekutheleleni kwiintliziyo - njenge- endocarditis .
Ukuxilongwa: Ngokuxhomekeka kwiimpawu zakho, ugqirha wakho unokuncoma iimvavanyo, ezifana nenkcubeko yegazi, amanzi okusuleleka kwintsholongwane, inkcubeko yesikhumba, inkcubeko ye-sputum, okanye i-urine culture, ukufumana i-HA-MRSA.
Ukuxhalabisa: I- HA-MRSA ene-pneumonia echaphazelekayo kunye nokusuleleka kwegazi kungasongela ubomi, ingakumbi ngaphandle kwonyango.
Unyango: Ii-Antibiotics (ezingabandakanyi methicillin) ngokuqhelekileyo zizikhethelo lokuqala lwezonyango ze-HA-MRSA. Amayeza okugqithiswa ngugqirha wakho aquka i-clindamycin, i-linezolid, i-tetracycline, i-trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, okanye i-vancomycin. Ukhetho lwe-antibiotics luya kuxhomekeka kwimeko yobuthakathaka obuthathaka bhaktheriya (iipatheni zendawo zokuchasana ne-antibiotiki kunye nolwazi oluvela kwiinkcubeko) kunye nobugulane bokugula. Kubalulekile ukugqiba yonke imithi yakho ngokwemiyalelo yogqirha ukuphepha iingxaki ezingaphezulu.
Ukukhethwa kwe-antibiotics kuxhomekeke kwimizekelo yokunyanzeliswa kwendawo, idatha yenkcubeko (ukuba ikhoyo) kunye nobugulane bokugula. Izifo ezithinteleyo zingadinga ukulaliswa kwezibhedlele, ngexesha apho unyango lunokubandakanya ukusetyenziswa kwamanzi kunye neyeza, i-kidney dialysis (kwimeko yokuphelelwa yintliziyo) kunye ne-oksijeni yokwelapha (ukwandisa i-oxygen emiphakeni).
Ukuthintela: Geza izandla zakho rhoqo ngesepha kunye namanzi, ngakumbi kwizibhedlele okanye kwezinye izibonelelo zonyango. Qinisekisa ukuba ababoneleli bakho bezempilo bahlamba izandla ngeesepha namanzi ngaphambi kokuba bakuhlolisise.
Ngaba i-HA-MRSA ibangela izifo?
I-staph aureus ibangela izifo ezininzi, kwaye kukholelwa ukuba isifo ngasinye sibonakaliswe kwiimeko ezininzi.
Ngokubanzi, u-Staph aureus ubambelela kwiintlobo ezahlukeneyo zomzimba ngaphakathi komzimba kwaye unendlela yokuphepha ukuphendula komzimba. Ngokomzekelo, iyakwenza iiprotheni ziphazamise kwaye zitshabalalise iiseli ezimhlophe zegazi ngexesha lokuphendula komzimba.
Iimpawu ezininzi ze-Staph aureus izifo zivela ngenxa yokubhujiswa kwamathambo ngama-enzyme ebhaktheriya. Ngokomzekelo, iStaph aureus ivelisa i-toxins, eyaziwa ngokuba yi-superantigens, enokubangela ukutshatyalaliswa kwento.
Kwizicwangciso zesibhedlele, i-Staph aureus inokwenza i-slimy material, ebizwa ngokuba yi-biofilm, kwiindawo ezithile eziqinileyo (i-catheters kunye nezixhobo zobufebe); i-biofilm isebenza njengesithintelo sokukhusela ngokumalunga ne-immune system kunye nama-antimicrobial agents.
> Imithombo:
> Ulwazi oluntu-oluhlangene noluntu lwe-MRSA oluntu. Amacandelo okuLawula nokuKhuselwa kwezifo.
> Ukunakekelwa kwezeMpilo-Associated-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (HA-MRSA). Amacandelo okuLawula nokuKhuselwa kwezifo.
> MRSA . I-Medical Encyclopedia. MedlinePlus. IThala leSizwe leMerika leMithi kunye neZiko leSizwe lezeMpilo.