Ikholera inokukhawulela ngokukhawuleza umzimba wamanzi, ngoko ke unyango olufanelekileyo ngexesha elifanelekileyo. Indlela ephambili esetyenziselwa ukunyanga kwesi sifo i-remhydration therapy, nangona i-antibiotics inokumiselwa kwezinye iimeko.
Ulwaphulo lweMpilo
Ngenxa yokuba inkxalabo enkulu yekholera ingozi yokungcoliswa kwamanzi, unyango lokuvuselela amanzi ngokuqhelekileyo luyindlela yokuqala yokukhusela abantu abaneempawu.
Ezi zonyango zingenziwa rhoqo ekhaya, nangona ziimeko ezinzima, ukufudumala kwakhona kunokudinga ukuba kwenzeke ngoncedo lenkampani yezokwelapha.
Uphulo lweMpilo
Uninzi lwabantu abanekholera lunokunyanga iimpawu zokwehliswa kwamanzi ngokwabo-ngokuqhelekileyo kunye nezithako ezisele zisesandleni.
Iziphuzo zokuphucula amanzi kunye neepoda ezidakayo zihlala zifumaneka kuma-pharmacy, kodwa kwi-pinch, isisombululo esilulayo sokuvuselelwa ngomlomo (ORS) singenziwa ekhaya usebenzisa le fomyula elandelayo:
- 1/2 i-spoonful encinci yeetyuwa
- Iinqanaba ezili-6 zeswekile
- 1 ilitha yamanzi
Ubuninzi be-ORS kufuneka kuthathelwe kuxhomekeke kubukhulu bomntu kunye nobudala. Iintsana ezingaphantsi kweenyanga ezi-4 ubudala, umzekelo, kufuneka zifumane phakathi kwama-200 ukuya ku-400 milliliters kwieyure zokuqala ezine, kanti abantu abadala baya kufuna i-2200 ukuya ku-4000 milliliters ngeli xesha. Kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele, nangona kunjalo, ukuba xa wenza i-ORS ekhaya (kubandakanywa ukusebenzisa i-powders engaxubekiyo), kubalulekile ukuba amanzi ahlambulukileyo, anokusela okuselayo asetyenziswe ukukhusela ukungcola okungakumbi.
Xa kungabikho kwe-ORS, amanzi alula angakunceda de i-ORS ingathathwa, kwaye abantwana abancinci kufuneka baqhubeke nokunyanga ukuba bayakwazi.
I-Intravenous (IV) I-Treatment Rehydration
Kwiimeko zokungcoliswa kwamanzi okunzima, kungenako ukwanela ukuzama ukuhlaziya kwakhona ekhaya. Uncedo lwezonyango usebenzisa i-IV fluids lungafuneka ukuba lugwetywe okanye ukufa-ngakumbi kubantwana abancinci.
La manzi e-IV afana ne-ORS ekuzaliseni i-liquids emzimbeni, kunye ne-electrolytes efunekayo kakhulu, kodwa ngenxa yokuba afakwe ngqo kwigazi, unokukhawuleza ukulwa nemiphumo yokudambisa umzimba emzimbeni.
Kwezinye iimeko, umntu uya kunikelwa i-ORS ngexesha elifanayo njenge-IV drip, ke utshintshelwe ukuba uthathe i-ORS kuphela xa amazinga okuhambisa amanzi alawulwa.
Isikhathi
Iimali kunye nexesha leemfuno ze-ORS kunye ne-IV zingadinga ukulungiswa ngokuxhomekeka kwindlela enzima ngayo ukukhulelwa kwamanzi kunye nokuba isifo sohudo nokuhlanza siyaqhubeka. Kuzo zonke iimeko, isixa samanzi afakayo kufuneka sibe ngaphezu kwexabiso eliqikelelwayo eliphuma emzimbeni.
Kungekudala emva kokufumana le mpiliso, abaninzi baya kuqala ukubona iimpawu zokubuyiswa kwamanzi, njengoku:
- Okwesithathu kuphelile
- Ukulungele ukuvota kwakhona kwizinga eliqhelekileyo, kwaye umchamo ulula kwaye ubala
- Intlawulo yenhliziyo ibuyele eqhelekileyo
- Xa ulusu linyanyiswa, libuyela kwindawo yalo eqhelekileyo ngokukhawuleza
Zombini iintlobo zokuphulukana nokuvuselelwa kwempilo ziyakwazi ukunciphisa kakhulu umngcipheko wokufa ngenxa yokuphelelwa ngumzimba obangelwa yikholera. Xa zisetyenziswe ngokukhawuleza kwaye zifanelekileyo, zinokunciphisa ukubulawa kwabangaphantsi kwama-1 ekhulwini lamatyala.
Antibiotics
Uninzi lwabantu abane-kelera (uqikelelo lwama-80 ekhulwini) lungaphinde lusetyenziswe ngonyango lokulungisa amanzi. Kwiimeko ezinobungozi obukhulu, kunjalo, iziza-antibiotics zingasetyenziselwa ukunciphisa ubude bexesha umntu ogula, kunye nokuba bachitha ixesha elingakanani i-bacteria kwizihlalo zabo.
Ezi zonyango zisetyenziselwa ukongeza kwizixazululo zokuvuselela amanzi-kungekhona endaweni yazo. I-antibiotics yedwa ayaneleyo ukugcina umntu ekufeni ephuma kwikholera, nangona anokunciphisa inani lemithombo yamanzi okufudumala umntu oya kuyidinga.
Okwangoku, i-doxycycline yilezi zixhobo ezikhethiweyo zokunyanga ukomera, kodwa ezinye-ezifana ne-tetracycline, i-azithromycin, i-erythromycin kunye nabanye-ziye zaboniswa ukuba ziphakathi kwonyango oluchanekileyo kwaye lunokucetyiswa kubantu abakhethekileyo.
Esinye isizathu sokuba la mayeza ayengasetyenziswa kakhulu ngenxa yentsongo ekhulayo yee-klinera ezingaxilwanga ngamachiza eziye zingabonakaliyo kwi-tetracycline, phakathi kwezinye izilwanyana ezinxamnye ne-antibiotic. Kucingelwa ukuba ukusetyenziswa kakubi kwezi ntloba zamachiza kubangela ukuba iibhaktheriya zivumelane nazo, zinikezela ukuba unyango lungasebenzi. Ngenxa yoko, oogqirha bakhuthazwa ukuba bacele kuphela iziza-antibiotics ezilinganayo kwiimeko ezinzima eziye zaqala ukufumana ii-IV zamanzi.
Esinye isizathu sokuba ezi ziyobisi zingasetyenziswanga rhoqo ukuba iziphumo ezincinci kwezinye zezi zithintelo zincinci kunye nokuhlanza, zikhubaza iimpawu ezingamnandi kwaye ngezinye iingozi eziqhelekileyo eziqhelekileyo kwiimeko zekholera .
Zinc
Uphando lubonisile ukuba i-zInc ezongezelelweyo ezinikezelwe abantwana abanekhamera zinganciphisa inani lexesha umntwana anesifo sohudo kwaye enze kube nzima. Xa kunikezwa kunye neyeza-antibiotics kunye neendlela zokuphucula amanzi, ukunika i-10 ukuya kwi-20mg ye-zinc ngemini kubonakala ukuyeka ukuhanjiswa kweeyure kwiiyure ezedlule kwaye nge-10 ekhulwini ixabiso elingaphantsi kweemeko apho kungenakunikwa.
Olu phando luhambelana nezifundo ezibonisa umphumo ofanayo kwezinye izifo zokuhamba, kungekhona nje ngekholera.
> Imithombo:
> Amacandelo okuLawula nokuLawula izifo. Ikholera - Usulelo lwe-Vibrio isifo se-cholera: Ulwaphulo lwe-Antibiotics.
> Amacandelo okuLawula nokuLawula izifo. I-Cholera - I-Vibrio isifo se-cholera: Ukunyuswa kwamanzi.