Nangona ipesenti enkulu ye-asthma ingenxa yokuvuvukala kwe-eosinophilic, izigulane ezineempawu ze-asthma zibangelwa ezinye izizathu zokuvuvukala (umz. I- basophil , i- lymphocytes , okanye i- neutrophils ) ayinakuzuza kwi-test ye-FeNO. Ngokwezikhokelo zeCliniki zoLwazi oluvela kwi-American Thoracic Society, i-FeNO ingasetyenziselwa ukuxilongwa kwe-eosinophilic ukuvuvukala nokuxhaswa kwe-asthma ukuba kukho ubungqina obunenjongo.
Ngokukodwa, amazinga aphakamileyo we-FeNO abonisa ukuvuvukala kwimiphunga kunye nokuba isigulane sinokuphendula kwi-steroids engummiselo ngokusekelwe kuphando olwangaphambili. Ngaloo ndlela, i-FeNO ichaneke ngokuchanekileyo impendulo enokuthi yonyango kunokuba wenze i-asthma.
Iingxaki ngeNdleko yoLuntu
Uninzi lwezicwangciso zesenzo se-asthma ziqhutywe ngoku ziimpawu zesifo se-asthma okanye ukuhamba kweephamm. Izimpawu zendabuko ezinjenge- wheezing , ukuqina kwesifuba , ukukhwehlela kunye nokuphefumula kufutshane kungabalulekanga kwaye akuhambelananga nesixa sokuvuvukala okwenene emiphakeni yakho. Ukuqhuma kwepopeni kuphela kunokunxibelelana ngokukhawuleza kunye neqondo lokuvuvuka kwamanzi ngokweminye uphando.
Inzuzo ye-FeNO yokujonga i-Asthma
Phantse isiqingatha sazo zonke iziganeko ze-asthma ziquka i-eosinophilic ukuvutha komoya. Olu hlobo lwesibalo sokuvuvukala ukusuka ekugqithweni kweeseli zesitrasi kunye nezinye iiseli ezizonyusa ngokukodwa amanqanaba e-nitric oxide.
Njengokuba kushiwo ngaphambili, izigulane ezinokutshaya kwe-eosinophilic ziye zaphakamisa amanqanaba e-FeNO, ngelixa izigulane ezinezibilini ezivela kwezinye izizathu azizange ziphakanyise amazinga e-FeNO. Ukongezelela, izifundo zibonise ukuvutha kwezinto ezibonakaliswe ukuvuvukala kwizigulane ezinamazinga aphakamileyo e-FeNO. Ngenxa yoko, amazinga aphakamileyo e-FeNO acingelwa ukuba achonge izigulane ezinokuthi ziphendule unyango lwe-steroid kunye nezifundo zibonise ukuba amanqanaba aphakamileyo e-FeNO ayengumzekelo wokuphendula kakuhle.
Izinga zeFNNO
Amazinga e-FeNO okwangoku anyaniswa kumaofisi ogqirha. Izigulana ziphuma ngokupheleleyo kwaye zithatha umoya oqhelekileyo ngokusebenzisa isihlunu esilahlayo. Amazinga e-FeNO atholakala kwiimviwo ezimbalwa ukuchazwa ngugqirha wakho.
Amanqanaba aqhelekileyo, aphakathi kwaye aphakanyisiwe anikezelwe kwitheyibhile elingezantsi.
| Abadala | Abantwana | |
|---|---|---|
| 12 nangaphezulu | 4-12 | |
| Ephantsi | <25 | <20 |
| Phakathi | ≥ 25- ≤ 50 | ≥ 20- ≤ 35 |
| Ephakamileyo | > 50 | > 35 |
| ppb = izingxenye ngeebhiliyoni | ||
I-FeNO isebenzise ekunakekelweni kwe-Asthma Care
Iinkcukacha zoPhando lweMpilo yoLuntu oluPhezulu lweMpilo oluPhezulu luyi-database yase-United Kingdom yokuphefumula equlethe iinkcukacha zeziphumo zexesha elide kwizigulane ze-asthma e-UK. I-database yahlolwa ukuba ichonge izigulane ezingenakufumana unyango lwe-steroid olungenakunyulwa kodwa zingenelwa kwaye izigulane ezilawulwa ngempilo zisebenzisa i-FeNO njengemakishi.
Abaphandi bafumene ukuba manani amancinci amayeza okunyamekela okuphambili esebenzisa i-asthma esebenzisa i-FeNO. Okuthakazelisayo, ukusebenzisa uvavanyo lwe-FeNO lwaluhlanganiswa nokunyaniseka kwimiqathango yonyango ngokubhekiselele ekusebenziseni kwayo ukuqala unyango lwe-steroid olunganyangekanga okanye uphawu lokunyanga okunyanga. Ukongezelela, olunye uphando luye lwabonisa ukuba izinga lokuqhuma kwesifo se-asthma luba ngaphantsi kwezigulane zisebenzisa i-FeNO njengenxalenye yesicwangciso sabo sokubeka esweni.
Ukufunda ngokusekelwe e-US kwiziko le-asthma ezili-10 kufumene ukuba ukusetyenziswa kwe-FeNO kwakhokelela kumaqondo aphezulu a-steroid enganyangekiyo xa kuthelekiswa nokuphathwa okuqhelekileyo kusekelwe kwizikhokelo ze-asthma, kodwa zanikezela ukuphucula okuphawulekayo kwimpawu ze-asthma ezibalulekileyo kwiiklinikhi.
> Imithombo:
> Bateman ED, uBoushey HA, uBousquet J. Ngaba ukulawulwa kwesifo se-asthma kuya kuphunyezwa? Ukufumana i-asthma efanelekileyo > i-controL > ukufundisisa. Ngaba iJempir Crit Care Med Med 2004, 170: 36-844.
> Dwelk RA, Boggs PB, Erzurum SC et al. Isikhokelo se-ATS Clinical Practice Guideline: Ukuchazwa kweNqanaba le-Oxyde ye-Oxide (FENO) yee-Clinical Applications.
> I-Global Initiative for Asthma: Isicwangciso-mhlaba solawulo lwe-asthma nokukhusela. 2012.
> I-Haldar P, i-ID ye-Pavord, uShaw DE, uBerry MA, uTom Thomas M, i-CE, uBardard AJ, iGreen RH. Uhlalutyo lweCluster kunye ne-asthma phenotypes. Ngaba iJempir Crit Care Med Med 2008, 178: 218-224.
> Langley SJ, i-Goldthorpe S, iCustovic A, i-Woodcock A. Ubudlelwane phakathi komsebenzi wamapulmonary, i-reactivity ye-bronchial, kunye ne-nitric oxide engxowankulu kwiqela elikhulu labagulane be-asthmatic.I-Allergy Asthma Immunol2003, 91: 398-404.
> Intliziyo yeSizwe, iLung, neSigqeba seGazi. Ingxelo yePhaneli yeNgcali 3 (EPR3): Izikhokelo zoLwazi kunye noLawulo lwe-Asthma.
> I-NHLBI / WHO I-Workshop Report: Isicwangciso sehlabathi solawulo lwe-asthma nokukhusela. EBethesda, MD. AmaZiko eZiko lezeMpilo. I-Heart Heart, i-Lung, ne-Blood Institute; 1995. Upapasho No. 95-3659.