Ukuba uye watshelwa ukuba unesifuba esingapheliyo, oko kuthetha ukuthini kwaye yintoni incazelo? Yintoni eyenziwa ukuxilongwa kweli nqanaba le-asthma, kwaye liphathwa njani? Yintoni onokuyilindela ekuhambeni kwexesha, kwaye ngaba iya kuba ngcono okanye ibe yimbi?
Sibanzi
I- asthma ephilileyo yinto enye yeentlobo ezine ze-asthma. Abantu abaphethwe sisifo se-asthma esinyamezelayo banesifo se-asthma ngaphezulu kwesibini ngeveki , kodwa kungekho ngaphezu kweyodwa ngosuku (ngokuphakathi).
Izimpawu zabo zobusuku zivela ngaphezu kwembini ngenyanga. Ukuhlaselwa kwe-asthma kunokuchaphazela imisebenzi yemihla ngemihla yabantu abane-asthma ephilileyo.
Ukwahlula
Indlela i-asthma ehlelwe ngayo isekelwe kwiimpawu kunye nobukhulu bemo. Ukuchonga ukuba yeyiphi inqanaba lesigaba se-asthma yakho imeko ewela kuyo, ugqirha wakho uya kuqwalasela oku kulandelayo:
- Iimpawu ezifana nobunzima bokuphefumla, ukugubungela isifuba, ukukhwehlela kwesifuba, konke ukunyanga, -ukuqaphela ukuba ukuhlaselwa kwesifo se-asthma kunokwenzeka nakweyiphi na isigaba se-asthma, kuluhlu lwe-asthma.
- Indlela owenza ngayo kwimvavanyo yomsebenzi wamaphaphu okanye uvavanyo lomsebenzi wamapulmoni (ukugqiba inani kunye nesantya somoya onokukuvuthela)
I-asthma yakho ingatshintshwa ngokuhamba kwexesha. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba i-asthma kunzima ukuyixilonga nokuhlukanisa abantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka emine, njengoko iimpawu zingahluke kwiintlobo ze-asthma eziboniswe kubantu abadala okanye abantwana abadala.
Izigaba
Isifo se-asthma siye sahlulelwa kwiindidi ezine zilandelayo yiNkqubo yeSizwe ye-Asthma Education and Prevention Programme. Kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuba kutheni ugqirha wakho unokuthi uchaze i-asthma yakho njengengqondo ephilileyo kunye nokuqonda umahluko phakathi kwezi zigaba. Iziganeko kunye nexesha leempawu zichazwe:
I-asthma engapheliyo
- Izibonakaliso zenzeka iintsuku ezimbini okanye ngaphantsi kweveki kwaye aziphazamisi imisebenzi eqhelekileyo
- Izimpawu zobusuku zenzeka iintsuku ezimbini okanye ngaphantsi ngenyanga
- Xa kungenakho ukuhlaselwa kwesifuba se-asthma, iimvavanyo zomsebenzi wamaphaphu ziqhelekileyo kwaye ziyahlukahluka ukususela ekuseni ukuya kusasa.
- Funda kabanzi nge- asthma ephakathi
Ubunzima bokusasazeka
- Ukuvela kweempawu zingaphezu kweentsuku ezimbini ngeveki kodwa kungekhona imihla ngemihla.
- Uhlaselo lwe-asthma luphazamisa imisebenzi eqhelekileyo yemihla ngemihla.
- Izimpawu zobusuku zivela ezintathu ukuya kwezine ngenyanga.
- ImiSebenzi yoLungiso iyinto eqhelekileyo xa ingahlaselwa kwaye ingahluka umlinganiselo omncinci ukusasa ekuseni.
I-Asthma eqhubekayo engapheliyo
- Ukuvela kwimihla ngemihla kunye ne-inhaler esebenzayo emfutshane isetyenziswe imihla ngemihla.
- Iimpawu ziphazamisana nemisebenzi yemihla ngemihla.
- Izimpawu zobusuku zivela ngaphezu kweyodwa ngeveki, kodwa ayenzeki zonke iimvavanyo zomsebenzi zemihla nemiphunga kwaye zihluke ngaphezu kweepesenti ezingama-30 ukusasa ukuya kusasa.
I-persistent asthma
- Izibonakaliso zenzeka kwimihla ngemihla kwaye zinqanda kakhulu imisebenzi yomzimba yemihla ngemihla.
- Izimpawu zobusuku zenzeke rhoqo, ngamanye amaxesha ubusuku bonke.
- Iimvavanyo zomsebenzi we-Lung aziqhelekanga kwaye ziyahlukahluka ukususela ekuseni ukuya emva.
Ukuxilongwa
Ngokwezikhokelo zeSizwe zokulawula isifuba se-asthma, ugqirha wakho uya kugxininisa ubunzima be-asthma yakho ngokunyamezela ngokubhekiselele kwezi zinto zilandelayo:
- Ukuphindaphinda kweempawu (ezingaphezulu kweentsuku ezimbini ngeveki, kodwa kungekhona imihla ngemihla)
- Ukuphindaphinda kokuvuswa kwebusuku kunye neempawu ze-asthma (ezintathu ukuya kwezine ngeenyanga)
- Ukusetyenziswa kwe-inhaler yokukhawuleza ngokukhawuleza (ngaphezulu kweentsuku ezimbini ngeveki, kodwa kungekhona imihla ngemihla)
- Ingakanani i-asthma iphazamisa imisebenzi yemihla ngemihla (ukunciphisa amancinci)
- Ukufundwa kweephupha zokufunda (ubuncinane ubuncinane abangama-80 ekhulwini lakho)
- Ukuba ingaba i-asthma flares ifuna ukusebenzisa okanye i- oral steroids (ezimbini okanye ngaphezulu konyaka)
Unyango
Emva kokufunyaniswa ngesifo se-asthma, ugqirha uya kumisela imithi ye-asthma .
I-asthma ephilileyo isoloko iphathwa ngeentlobo ezimbini eziphambili zemithi ye-asthma:
- Iyeza-uncedo ngokukhawuleza (imithi yokuhlangula)
- Ukulawula imithi yexesha elide
Iintlobo ezimbini eziphambili zemithi ye-asthma zonyango-zokuncedisa ngokukhawuleza (ezisetyenziselwa ukukhutshwa ngokukhawuleza xa kuqaliswa ukuhlaselwa kwesifo se-asthma) kunye namayeza okulawula ixesha elide, okufuneka kuthathwe imihla ngemihla ukukhusela iimpawu kunye nokuhlaselwa kwe-asthma.
Prognosis
Kule minyaka, ubunzima be-asthma bunokutshintshela abantu abaninzi, oko kuthetha ukuba amayeza kunye nolo unyango lunokuthi luguquke ngokufanelekileyo, kunye nenjongo ekugqibeleni ukugcina i-asthma phantsi kolawulo.
ILizwi
Njengoko kuphawuliwe ngasentla, i-asthma eqhubekayo iphazamisa ngakumbi ngobomi bomntu kunokuba i-asthma ephakathi kodwa ayinzima kakhulu njenge-asthma eqhubekayo. Ukongezelela, nabani na inqanaba lesifo se-asthma bangahlakulela ukuhlaselwa komelele okanye kubungozi. Ukuba uhlala ne-asthma nayiphi na uhlobo, qiniseka ukuba ube nesicwangciso sesenzo se - asthma endaweni. Nangona kungenakwenzeka ukuba kuluhlu lwamanye kunjenge-asthma eqhubekayo, ukuhlaselwa kwesifo se-asthma esibi kuhlala kukho.
Kubalulekile ukuba ngummeli wakho kwimpilo yakho, kwaye ufunde ngeemfuno zeentlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-asthma, kunye neengcebiso malunga nendlela yokulawula imihla yakho ye-asthma yinto enye inqanaba elifanelekileyo kwisicwangco esihle. Amachiza amayeza afumaneka ekuphatheni i-asthma engapheliyo kodwa le nyathelo elilodwa ekunyamekeleni impilo yakho. Qinisekisa ukuba uqhelanise nezibangela zesifuba sakho se-asthma .
Njengengxelo yokugqibela, qiniseka ukuba ufunde malunga neephoso ezili-10 ezinkulu abantu abane-asthma benza .
Imithombo:
I-Fanta, C., Ukwelashwa kwe-asthma eqhubekayo kunye noomntu osemtsha kunye nabantu abadala. UpToDate . Ukuhlaziywa 03/18/16.
Kasper, uDennis L .., u-Anthony S. Fauci, noStephen L .. Hauser. Imigaqo kaHarrison yeyeza langaphakathi. ENew York: imfundo kaMc Graw Hill, 2015. Print.
Makikyro, E., Jaakola, M., noJajola. Iincinci ze-Asthma ezisusela kwi-Asthma Control kunye noBunzima: Uhlalutyo lweKlasi eliPhezulu. Uphando loPhepha . 2017. 18 (1): 24.