Uninzi lwabantu abanosifo sekholera-malunga neepesente ezingama-75 -nabakho naziphi na iimpawu. Kwabo benzayo, baya kuziva ukuba banokutyhelwa kokutya, badityaniswe ne-diarrhea, i-nausea, kunye nokuhlanza.
Kwiimeko ezininzi, iimpawu (ngelixa zingamnandi) ziqhelekile, nangona ukuphelelwa kwamanzi okunzima kunye nezinye iingxaki ezivela kwikholera zingaba zibulalayo ukuba unyango alufumaneki ngokukhawuleza.
Iimpawu Zamaxesha amaninzi
Ikholera inokubangela ukuphazamiseka ngokomzimba ngeendlela ezininzi, kodwa kukho iimpawu ezimbalwa eziphawulekayo kuzo zonke iimeko ezibonakalisa izilwanyana: isifo sohudo, isicupunu, kunye nokuphelelwa ngumzimba.
Uhudo lwamanzi
Ngokuqhelekileyo isibonakaliso sokuqala sekholera asinasifo sohudo esenzeka ngaphakathi kwintsuku okanye ngenxa yokosuleleka. Ihudo linamanzi amaninzi kwaye luhlobo oluthile lobungqingili obufana namanzi emva kokuhlambulula irayisi, yilokho linikeza igama lakhe lesitikiti "irayisi yamanzi."
Kungenxa yokuba iitsonte eziveliswa yi-kleta bhaktheriya zikhuthaza umzimba ukuba ugxothe kakhulu into yonke emathunjini-kuquka ukusetyenziswa kwamanzi-umlinganiselo wesifo sohudo unokuba lukhulu. Ihudo liyakwazi ukuhlala naphakathi kwimizuzu yonke, kuxhomekeke kumntu kunye nenkqubo yokonyango .
Isihlunu kunye nokuvuthwa
Kwiindlela zokuqala zekholera, ibhaktheriya inokubangela ukukhathazeka kwamathumbu njengesisu sesisu, kwaye kwezinye iimeko, ukuhlanza. Imijelo yokuhlanza ingapheli iiyure ngelo xesha kwaye-xa idibene nehudo lokunyuselwa kwamanzi-ingaphaya komngcipheko wokudambiswa kwamanzi.
Ngelishwa, ukungcola kwamanzi kungakhokelela ekunxuseni kwamanzi, kubangela umjikelezo onobungozi, ngaphandle kokuba uphukile, unokukhawuleza ufikelele kwiimeko ezinzima.
Ukuditywa kwamanzi
Ikholera inamandla amaninzi emzimbeni ngokusebenzisa izilo zesifo sohudo kunye nokuhlanza, okwenza kube lula ukuba unxweme xa ezo zixhobo zamanzi kunye ne-electrolytes zingasetyenziswanga.
Xa oku kwenzeka, ezinye iimpawu zokungcola ziza kuqala ukuvela, njengale:
- Okwesithathu
- Dry umlomo kunye namehlo
- Ukukhawuleza kunye / okanye inqanaba lentliziyo eluthathaka
- Iimfampu zomzimba ezincinci
- Ukukhathala okanye ukunyaniseka
- Intloko
Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo
Kwimizuzu engama-5 ukuya kwe-10 yamatyala, abantu banokufumana iimpawu ezinzima zekholera-ngokugqithiseleyo, ubuninzi behudo lomninzi. Isixa esikhulu samanzi esilahlekileyo kwixesha elincinci elinokuthi lingakhokelela ngokukhawuleza ekudleni kwamanzi kunye nokungalingani kwe-electrolyte-iingxaki ezimbini ezinokuba nzima, ukuba zingasongela ubomi.
Ezinye iimpawu zezifo ezinzima zingabandakanya uxinzelelo oluphantsi lwegazi, ukuhlanza okuqhubekayo, izinga lokushaya intliziyo ngokukhawuleza, kunye neengqumbo zomzimba.
Iingxaki
Umngcipheko omkhulu okhutshwa yiKholera kukunyuka kwamanzi. Ukuhlaselwa okukhawulezayo kunye nokubaluleka kweerhudo, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha ukuhlamba, kunokukhawuleza ukukrazula umzimba wamanzi kunye ne-electrolytes. Ukuba ayikawatshintshi ngexesha, abantu bangafa kwimiba yeeyure.
Iimpawu ezikhathazayo zokuphelelwa ngumdaka obunzima kunye nokulahleka kwe-electrolyte ziquka:
- Ishukela eliphantsi kwegazi
- Ifiva kunye nezipho
- Iinguqu kumaphefumla okuphefumla
- Ingqondo yengqondo
- Isikhumba sokuthi, xa sinyanyisiwe, asiyi kubuyela ngokukhawuleza endaweni
- Ukuhluleka kweengso
- Ukulahleka kwengqondo
- Ukutshitshiswa
- Coma
- Ukufa
Kwiimeko zesifo esibi, ezi ngxaki ziyakhula ngokukhawuleza-ngaphakathi kwimiba yeeyure-kwaye iyingozi kakhulu kubantu abangakwazi ukunciphisa ngokukhawuleza xa belahlekelwa ngamanzi amaninzi kunye ne-electrolytes, kuquka nabantwana abancinci nabafazi abakhulelweyo.
Yingakho kukhuthazwa ingqalelo kwindlela efunekayo.
Abantwana abaselula
Amabhunga amancinci ayadinga amanzi amaninzi kunamanzi ukuba ahlale e-hydrated ngenxa yexabiso elincinci lamanzi anokugcina kunye nokukhawuleza ukuba badinga ukutshintshwa. Ukuthelekiswa nabantu abadala abadala, kulula ukuba abantwana abancinci kunye neentsana zibe zidibeneyo okanye zifumane ukuhlaselwa kwishukela yegazi ngenxa yekholera-kwaye emva koko, zothuka okanye zife ngenxa yoko.
Kwiindawo apho ikholera ixhaphakile, abantwana banamathuba angaphantsi kunabantu abadala ukuba baye bakhela umkhuhlane okhuselekileyo kwi-bacterium. Ngesi sizathu, abantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka emi-5 ubudala balingela ngaphezu kweesigama amatyala amatsha kunye nenxalenye enkulu yezofa ezihlobene nekholera emhlabeni jikelele.
Abantwana abasele bangenakudla ngokusondeka baxhatshazwa kwiimeko ezibangelwa yi-k'holera. Akunjalo nje kuphela abantwana abanesondlo esingenasondlo abanako ukukhusela ibhaktheriya, kodwa nezifo ezingokwenyama ezibangelwa ukungabikho kokutya okunokutya zidla ngokuzibamba iimpawu zesifo kwaye zikhokelela ekulibazisekeni okuyingozi ekuxilongweni.
Abafazi abakhulelweyo
Njengabantwana abancinci, abafazi abakhulelweyo badinga amanzi amaninzi kunomntu omdala ukuba ahlale e-hydrated, okwenza kube lula kubo ukuba baphelelwe amanzi. Ukuba oko kwenzeka, kunokunciphisa ukuhamba kwegazi ukuya kwi-placenta kwaye unciphise inani le-cushion kunye nezondlo ezikhoyo ukukhusela nokugcina umntwana ongakazalwa.
Ukuba umfazi usulelekile ngekholera kwi-trimester yakhe yesithathu ngokukhethekileyo, inokunyusa umngcipheko wokuba usebenze kangangoko.
Amanye amaqela ase-Risk
Ngenxa yokuba ikholera iyichaphazela njani iiseli zomzimba kunye nenkqubo yokutya, kukho inani labantu abangabakho mngcipheko kwiziphumo ezibi xa besuleleke. La maqela kufuneka aqaphele ingozi kunye neengxaki ezinokwenzeka. Baquka abantu aba:
- Akunakho i-hydrochloric acid kwi-juice yesisu esiswini
- Uhlobo lwegazi O
- Hlala kunye nezimo zonyango ezingapheliyo
- Awunakho ukufikelela ukulungelelanisa uncedo lwezonyango, kuquka ukunyangwa kwamanzi
Nini ukubona iDokotela
Uninzi lwabantu-ingakumbi abantu abadala-lukwazi ukulawula lula ikholera ekhaya ngokuqhubeka nokuhlaziya kwakhona nokubuyisela i-electrolytes elahlekelwe yirhudo nokuhlanza. Oko kuthethwa, ukuba ubona naziphi na iimpawu zokudambisa amanzi, ungase ufune ukubiza ugqirha okanye ufune unyango olusondeleyo.
Ezi zibonakaliso ezilumkiso zingabandakanya:
- Ikhumba elincinci
- Ukuncipha (okanye ukungabikho) ukucoka, ngakumbi kubantwana abancinci kunye neentsana
- Ukukhawuleza kwenhliziyo
- Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphantsi
- Iimfampu ezinzima zomzimba
- Ukungenasiphelo okanye ukucaphuka
Nangona unakho ukulawula i-k'holera efanelekileyo ekhaya, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba i-kolera iyisifo esichazwayo e-United States ngenxalenye ngenxa yokuba kunokwenzeka ukuba kuvele ukugqashuka. Ukuba uye watyelela ilizwe apho ikholera eqhelekileyo okanye unakho naziphi ezinye izizathu zokukholelwa ukuba uye wazibonela kwiibhaktheriya, kufuneka ubone ugqirha ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa kwekholera ukwenzela ukuba angakwazi ukuqaphela amagosa ezempilo karhulumente ukuba enze Impendulo yokuphuka, xa kuyimfuneko.
> Imithombo:
> Amacandelo okuLawula nokuLawula izifo. Ikholera - I-Vibrio isifo se-cholera: Ukugula kunye neempawu.
> UNICEF. Cholera toolkit . 2013.
> Umbutho WezeMpilo Wehlabathi. Ikholera: Ifayili yeqiniso.