Ngokutsho kweLebhu yeSizwe yamaLayibrari yaseMelika, i-meningitis ichazwa njengokuvuvukala kwezicubu ezincinci, ezibizwa ngokuba ngama-meninges, ezijikeleza ingqondo kunye nomgudu womgudu. I-Meningitis ifika kwenye yeendlela ezimbini eziphambili: Ibhakteria , eyona nto ibhubhaneyo, kunye ne-viral, eyona eqhelekileyo.
Malunga neeMenning
Kanye nokubonelela ngesityezelo kwinkqubo yesistim ephakathi (leyo, kwakhona, iqulethe ingqondo kunye nomthambo womthambo,) i-mening ineminye imisebenzi emibini.
Okokuqala, banikezela isakhelo semithambo yegazi kunye neentsholongwane.
Okwesibini, ziqulethe i- cerebrospinal fluid , eyinkunkuma yamanzi eyenza ingqondo kunye nomgudu womgogodla, kunye nokuhambisa izondlo kunye nokususa iinqwelo.
Ngaba i-Meningitis iyaxhunyaniswa?
Nangona i-meningitis edla ngokuqhelekileyo kubantwana abangaphantsi komnyaka omnye, inokuchaphazela nabani na, ngokweSiseko seSizwe soGawulayo.
I-Foundation ithi ukusabalalisa kwe-meningitis kwenzeka ngokuxhamla kwamanzi kunye nokuqhagamshelana ngqo nomntu ogulayo. Oko uthe, unokusuleleka sulele ngaphandle kokuba uhlakulele isifo.
Amaziko okuLawula izifo (CDC) athi ukudibana kunye nomntu one-viral meningitis kunokubangela ukusuleleka kwintsholongwane ebangela ukuba kugula kwabo, kodwa ngoku aqhelekanga ukukholisa kumntu osulelekileyo.
Ngokwe-bacterial meningitis ihamba, i-Meningitis Foundation ithi malunga ne-10% yabantu bathwala ibhaktheriya, i-meningococcus, ngaphakathi kwempumlo okanye emqaleni ngaphandle kokubonisa iimpawu okanye iimpawu, kwaye ingayithumela kwabanye abantu ngaphandle kokuyiqonda.
I-CDC idibanisa ukuba "abaninzi abantu 'bathwala' ibhaktheriya abazange bagule" kuyo.
I-Meningitis ingadluliselwa kumntu ukuya kumntu, kodwa kungekhona ngoqhagamshelwano oluqhelekileyo. Ukuqhagamshelana okungaqhelekanga kubandakanya izinto ezifana nokugubha izandla.
Kodwa i-meningitis ingadluliselwa ngobudlelwano obusondeleyo.
Bobabini i-National Meningitis Foundation kunye neZiko loLawulo lweZifo (CDC) ziyavuma ukuba ukutshintshana okufihlayo kwimisebenzi yoqhagamshelwano olunjenge-kissing okanye ukukhwehlela kumntu unokusasaza eso sifo.
Baphinde bathi ngelixa ibhaktheriya ebangela ukuba i-meningitis iyingozi kakhulu, ayikwazi ukuhlala ngaphandle komzimba ixesha elide.
Intsholongwane ebangela ukuba kubanda ngokukhawuleza kunokuba ibhaktheriya ebangela (ibhaktheriya) i-meningitis.
Ezinye iindlela ze-meningitis ezinokusuleleka zibandakanya ukuqhagamshelana okufutshane okanye olude nabantu ochitha ixesha elininzi kunye nabo - kwindlu yakho okanye kwinkathalo yomntwana wakho, umzekelo. Abantwana abancinci abangenayo indlu yangasese abaqeqeshwe kunye nabanakekeli babo bangakwazi ukuthumela i-bacterial and / okanye ifom ye-virus yesifo.
Ukukhusela i-Meningitis Infection
Ngenxa yokuba i-meningitis isasazeka ngokuthintana ngqo kunye nomlomo, ukuphefumula okanye isisu (i-fecal) izifihla kumntu onomzimba obangela isifo, ukugcina umgangatho ophezulu wokuhlambulula isifo kunokuhamba ixesha elide ekukhuseleni. Oku kuninzi nje kuthatha ingqiqo. Umzekelo:
- Geza izandla zakho rhoqo.
- Ukukhubaza i-disinfect surfaces kunye neentonga ezisezantsi usebenzisa i-chlorine bleach exutywe ngamanzi.
- Gwema ukwabelana ngezinto ezihlambulukileyo njengemibhobho yamazinyo.
Yaye ukuba uhlala nomntu oye wafumana isifo eso, iiCentral for Disease Control (CDC) uthi unokufuna ukuthatha i-antibiotics ngokuthintela.
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukunxibelelana nodokotela wakho ukuba ucinga ukuba uye wabonakala; Nangona zombini iindidi ze-meningitis zidinga ukunakekelwa kwangoko kunyango, ibhakteria (ngokuchasene nomhlobo wentsholongwane) ngokukhethekileyo, ingaba yingozi - kwaye ayithathi ixesha elide.
I-National Meningitis Foundation ithi izifo ze-meningococcal zingabulala umntu onempilo kwimizuzu engama-24-48.
Imithombo:
I-bacterial Meningitis. Amaziko okuLawulwa kweNtsholongwane kunye noThintelo lweSifo.
Isiseko seSizwe soGawulayo. Iingoma zeNtsholongwane kunye neNyaniso. Isizwe seSizwe seSifo soGawulayo. Julayi ebuyekeziwe.
Meningitis. MedlinePlus. ILayibrari yeSizwe ka-US yamayeza. NIH.
National Meningitis Association. Njani isasazeka? I-National Meningitis Association website. Kufike ngoJanuwari 2016.